带后浇段的约束梁在集中力作用下的抗剪强度试验研究

本文通过对10根承受集中荷载作用下带后浇段的矩形截面钢筋混凝土约束梁的试验结果与已有的普通矩形截面钢筋混凝土约束梁的试验和理论计算结果的对比,发现了带后浇段的约束梁在集中力作用下抗剪强度与普通约束梁的差别,分析了后浇段对抗剪承载力的影响。     

CFRP板加固RC&PPC梁抗剪性能试验研究

通过10片普通钢筋混凝土(RC)梁及4片部分预应力混凝土(PPC)梁采用CFRP板抗剪加固的试验研究和非线性有限元分析,研究不同损伤程度、剪跨比、配箍率及预应力水平等因素对CFRP板加固RC&PPC梁抗剪性能的影响。结果表明:采用CFRP板对RC&PPC梁进行抗剪加固能够有效抑制斜裂缝的开展,提高加固梁斜截面抗剪承载能力,并改善梁的延性;RC梁损伤后加固,随着配箍率的增大以及剪跨比的减小,将提高加固RC梁的斜向开裂荷载、箍筋屈服荷载以及抗剪极限承载能力;随着预应力水平的提高,PPC加固梁的极限承载力增大,CFRP板抗剪加固效果比较显著;非线性有限元模型能够预测CFRP加固RC/PPC梁的抗剪性能,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;在进行CFRP板抗剪加固设计时,应对CFRP板的强度进行有效折减。     

高延性混凝土加固钢筋混凝土梁受剪性能试验研究及承载力计算

为研究高延性混凝土(HDC)加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪性能,该文对7根HDC加固梁及4根未加固梁进行静力试验,研究剪跨比、配箍率、加固层厚度和加固层附加箍筋对钢筋混凝土梁破坏形态、荷载-挠度曲线、受剪承载力以及裂缝的影响。结果表明:采用HDC面层对钢筋混凝土梁进行受剪加固,可以显著提高梁的受剪承载力;HDC面层可以代替部分箍筋的受剪作用,改善钢筋混凝土梁的剪切破坏形态;加固试件在达到极限位移之后,试件的完整性较好,剩余承载力较高。基于试验结果,利用桁架-拱模型,提出了HDC加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪承载力计算公式,计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

配置新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋混凝土梁的受剪性能试验

对采用新型封闭缠绕式玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(GFRP)箍筋的混凝土梁进行了三点加载试验,考察了箍筋形式、纵筋配筋率、剪跨比、箍筋间距对配置新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋混凝土梁受剪性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋的弯曲段强度与平直段受拉强度之比达到0.81,是拉挤成型箍筋的2.07倍。剪跨比和箍筋间距相同时,新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋混凝土梁的受剪性能更好,其材料利用效率显著高于拉挤成型箍筋。梁的抗剪承载力随纵筋配筋率增加的提高幅度不大,但梁的延性有较明显改善。当箍筋间距为75 mm,新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋的应变显著增大,同时对剪压区混凝土产生一定的约束作用,提升了受剪承载力。采用中国(GB 50608-2020)、美国(ACI 440.1R-15)、加拿大(CSA S806-12)、英国(BISE-1999)和日本(JSCE-1997)五种纤维增强树脂复合材料(FRP)筋混凝土结构设计规范计算的受剪承载力显著低于试验值,建议适当提高新型封闭缠绕式GFRP箍筋的断裂应变限值。     

GFRP开孔板连接件双剪试验及受剪承载力计算

玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(GFRP)开孔板连接件是GFRP-混凝土组合梁中一种常用的抗剪连接件。开展了5组共15个GFRP开孔板连接件试件的双剪试验,试验参数包括与GFRP开孔板连接件粘结的GFRP型材接触面打磨深度(0.5 mm/1.0 mm)、孔中横向贯通GFRP筋(无/配置)、贯通GFRP筋直径(9.5 mm/13.0 mm)和混凝土强度等级(C30/C50)。试验表明：打磨深度0.5 mm和1.0 mm的试件分别发生开孔板与GFRP型材之间的粘结层破坏和板肋剪切破坏,孔中横向贯通GFRP筋和混凝土榫均完好;开孔板连接件的剪力-滑移曲线可分为微滑移段和滑移段;与打磨深度0.5 mm开孔板连接件相比,相应的打磨深度1.0 mm开孔板连接件的受剪刚度较高;配置横向贯通GFRP筋、提高混凝土强度可显著提高开孔板连接件的受剪刚度;打磨深度1.0 mm开孔板连接件受剪承载力比相应的0.5 mm开孔板连接件高44.82%,配置横向贯通GFRP筋的开孔板连接件受剪承载力比相应的未配置横向贯通筋的开孔板连接件高20%左右,而横向贯通GFRP筋直径和混凝土强度对开孔板连接件受剪承载力的影响不显著。...     

冲击荷载下CFRP加固无腹筋梁的抗剪失效机理试验研究

对剪跨比为3.36的1根无腹筋钢筋混凝土梁和2根FRP加固无腹筋钢筋混凝土梁进行了落锤冲击试验,研究无腹筋混凝土梁在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应和FRP加固形式对其抗冲击性能的影响;为了对比动态冲击承载力,还进行了1根FRP加固无腹筋钢筋混凝土梁的静载试验。试验结果表明,黏贴FRP条带尤其是端部锚固FRP条带加固可显著提高无腹筋混凝土梁的抗冲击承载力。通过对实测的冲击力、跨中位移及纵向钢筋应变时程曲线等试验数据进行分析,并结合试件的破坏模式,获得了FRP加固无腹筋混凝土梁的动态抗剪失效机理,即冲击荷载下无腹筋混凝土梁的失效过程分为两个阶段:跨中局部受冲击瞬间的剪切破坏和随后的冲击作用点指向支座处的剪切破坏阶段。分两个阶段讨论了冲击荷载下FRP对抗剪承载力的贡献值,并与各规范理论承载力进行比较,数据比较表明两个阶段FRP动态抗剪承载力均高于静态抗剪承载力和理论值,并与以往CFRP-混凝土界面动态抗剪承载力评估方法比较,为获得合理的FRP抗剪承载力评估方法提供有价值的参考。     

再生混凝土梁的受力性能

基于大量国内外试验结果,综述了再生混凝土梁的受力性能,主要包括再生混凝土梁的受弯、受剪、抗震及疲劳性能。研究结果表明,再生混凝土梁的受弯承载力与普通混凝土梁差异不大,但是变形有所增加。再生混凝土梁的抗剪承载力较普通混凝土梁降低,而抗震性能则差异不大。本文的研究成果对再生混凝土在结构中的推广应用具有一定的意义与价值。     

外壳预制核心现浇装配整体式RC梁抗剪性能的试验研究

该文以研究外壳预制核心现浇装配整体式钢筋混凝土(RC)梁的抗剪性能为目的,制作了2根新型装配整体式RC梁和1根现浇RC梁,开展了RC梁的抗剪承载力试验,考察新型装配整体式RC梁的荷载-挠度关系、开裂荷载、极限承载力、箍筋应变发展特点及破坏模式,并与现浇RC梁的抗剪性能进行比较,试验研究表明:新型装配整体式RC梁与整浇RC梁具有完全相同的抗剪承载力特性;进一步探讨新型装配式RC梁的极限抗剪承载力计算理论,为装配整体式RC梁的设计提供参考。     

锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力预测经验模型

该文总结了172组锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力试验数据,并利用这些数据与现有的锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算模型的预测值进行了对比分析研究,结果表明:现有的计算模型对锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力的估计是偏于保守的,且离散性较大。该文基于欧洲规范的抗剪承载力公式,考虑锈蚀后钢筋的屈服强度、锈蚀后梁截面有效宽度、箍筋锈蚀对箍筋承担剪力部分的折减、纵筋锈蚀对混凝土承担剪力部分的折减等影响因素,提出了集中荷载下有腹筋梁锈蚀后抗剪承载力经验预测模型,该模型计算值与试验结果吻合较好,为锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力的预测和评估提供了更有效的计算方法。     

钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁基本力学性能试验研究与数值模拟

为了研究钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁基本力学性能,设计了2个两跨连续组合梁试件,对其进行静力加载试验,并与有限元模拟结果进行对比。研究结果表明:双面组合作用梁下部混凝土板可分担钢梁压力,其组合作用有利于钢梁下翼缘的稳定性,但对于腹板的稳定性不起作用。组合梁在按照完全抗剪连接进行设计时,可不考虑界面滑移的影响;与普通组合作用梁相比,双面组合作用梁抗弯刚度更大,其负弯矩区长度可延长约28.3%。相同荷载作用下,双面组合作用梁负弯矩值较低,可延缓上部混凝土板的开裂,有效控制混凝土板裂缝宽度和裂缝区范围。下部混凝土板长度按照完全抗剪连接设计的最小长度取值即可,不必过长。ABAQUS有限元模型分析结果与试验结果吻合良好,可较好地模拟组合梁受力性能。提高双面组合作用连续梁下部混凝土板的强度,可有效提高组合梁的承载力和刚度,受力更合理。     

Structural behaviour of RC beams with external flexural and flexural–shear strengthening by FRP sheets

This paper presents experimental research on reinforced concrete (RC) beams with external flexural and flexural–shear strengthening by fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets consisting of carbon FRP (CFRP) and glass FRP (GFRP). The work carried out has examined both the flexural and flexural–shear strengthening capacities of retrofitted RC beams and has indicated how different strengthening arrangements of CFRP and GFRP sheets affect behaviour of the RC beams strengthened. Research output shows that the flexural–shear strengthening arrangement is much more effective than the flexural one in enhancing the stiffness, the ultimate strength and hardening behaviour of the RC beam. In addition theoretical calculations are developed to estimate the bending and shear capacities of the beams tested, which are compared with the corresponding experimental results.     

Flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams retrofitted with hybrid fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) under sustaining loads

This paper reports experimental studies of reinforced concrete (RC) beams retrofitted with new hybrid fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) system consisting carbon FRP (CFRP) and glass FRP (GFRP). The objective of this study is to examine effect of hybrid FRPs on structural behavior of retrofitted RC beams and to investigate if different sequences of CFRP and GFRP sheets of the hybrid FRPs have influences on improvement of strengthening RC beams. Toward that goal, 14 RC beams are fabricated and retrofitted with hybrid FRPs having different combinations of CFRP and GFRP sheets. The beams are loaded with different magnitudes prior to retrofitting in order to investigate the effect of initial loading on the flexural behavior of the retrofitted beam. The main test variables are sequences of attaching hybrid FRP layers and magnitudes of preloads. Under loaded condition, beams are retrofitted with two or three layers of hybrid FRPs, then the load increases until the beams reach failure. Test results conclude that strengthening effects of hybrid FRPs on ductility and stiffness of RC beams depend on orders of FRP layers.     

Behaviour of hybrid FRP–UHPC beams subjected to static flexural loading

This paper provides the experimental results of a new hybrid beam intended for use in bridge applications. The hybrid beams were made up of pultruded Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) hollow box section beams strengthened with a layer of Ultra-High-Performance-Concrete (UHPC) on top and either a sheet of Carbon FRP (CFRP) or Steel FRP (SFRP) on the bottom of the beam. Four hybrid FRP–UHPC beams were tested along with one control GFRP hollow box beam under four-point static flexural loading. Two types of beams were tested (Phase I and Phase II), which incorporated different connection mechanisms at the GFRP–UHPC interface. It was concluded that the hybrid beams had higher flexural strength and stiffness than the control beam, where the beams reinforced with SFRP showed greater percent cost effectiveness than beams reinforced with CFRP. In addition, the improved connection mechanism used in Phase II beams was found to provide adequate interface bond strength to maintain full composite action until ultimate failure.     

高延性混凝土加固RC梁抗剪性能试验研究

为利用高延性混凝土（HDC）良好的拉伸和剪切变形能力,提高无腹筋钢筋混凝土梁的受剪性能,该文通过对9根HDC加固梁、1根高性能复合砂浆加固梁及3根未加固梁进行静力试验,研究剪跨比、加固层厚度和加固层是否配置箍筋对梁破坏形态、受剪承载力及变形能力的影响。结果表明:采用HDC面层对无腹筋梁进行抗剪加固,可以显著提高梁的抗剪承载力和变形能力;HDC面层可代替部分箍筋的抗剪作用,改善无腹筋梁的剪切破坏形态,并提高梁的剪压比限值;HDC加固层越厚,其受剪承载力和变形能力提高越明显,但加固层厚度较大时,需采用措施防止HDC面层间发生剥离破坏;HDC面层配置附加箍筋,可进一步提高试件的受剪承载力和耐损伤能力。基于试验结果,该文提出了HDC加固试件的受剪承载力计算公式,其计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

Experimental and analytical investigation of reinforced high strength concrete continuous beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer

Carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP and GFRP) are two materials suitable for strengthening the reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Although many in situ RC beams are of continuous constructions, there has been very limited research on the behavior of such beams with externally applied FRP laminate. In addition, most design guidelines were developed for simply supported beams with external FRP laminates. This paper presents an experimental program conducted to study the flexural behavior and redistribution in moment of reinforced high strength concrete (RHSC) continuous beams strengthened with CFRP and GFRP sheets. Test results showed that with increasing the number of CFRP sheet layers, the ultimate strength increases, while the ductility, moment redistribution, and ultimate strain of CFRP sheet decrease. Also, by using the GFRP sheet in strengthening the continuous beam reduced loss in ductility and moment redistribution but it did not significantly increase ultimate strength of beam. The moment enhancement ratio of the strengthened continuous beams was significantly higher than the ultimate load enhancement ratio in the same beam. An analytical model for moment–curvature and load capacity are developed and used for the tested continuous beams in current and other similar studies. The stress–strain curves of concrete, steel and FRP were considered as integrity model. Stress–strain model of concrete is extended from Oztekin et al.’s model by modifying the ultimate strain. Also, new parameters of equivalent stress block are obtained for flexural calculation of RHSC beams. Good agreement between experiment and prediction values is achieved.     

Behavior of full-scale reinforced concrete beams retrofitted for shear and flexural with FRP laminates

Four full-scale reinforced concrete beams were replicated from an existing bridge. The original beams were substantially deficient in shear strength, particularly for projected increase of traffic loads. Of the four replicate beams, one served as a control and the remaining three were implemented with varying configurations of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) and glass FRP (GFRP) composites to simulate the retrofit of the existing structure. CFRP unidirectional sheets were placed to increase flexural capacity and GFRP unidirectional sheets were utilized to mitigate shear failure. Four-point bending tests were conducted. Load, deflection and strain data were collected. Fiber optic gauges were utilized in high flexural and shear regions and conventional resistive gauges were placed in eighteen locations to provide behavioral understanding of the composite material strengthening. Fiber optic readings were compared to conventional gauges.Results from this study show that the use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) composites for structural strengthening provides significant static capacity increases approximately 150% when compared to unstrengthened sections. Load at first crack and post cracking stiffness of all beams was increased primarily due to flexural CFRP. Test results suggest that beams retrofit with both the designed GFRP and CFRP should well exceed the static demand of 658 kN m sustaining up to 868 kN m applied moment. The addition of GFRP alone for shear was sufficient to offset the lack of steel stirrups and allow conventional RC beam failure by yielding of the tension steel. This allowed ultimate deflections to be 200% higher than the pre-existing shear deficient beam. If bridge beams were retrofit with only the designed CFRP failure would still result from diagonal tension cracks, albeit at a 31% greater load. Beams retrofit with only the designed shear GFRP would fail in flexure at the mid-span at an equivalent 31% gain over the control specimen, failing mechanism in this case being yielding of the tension steel. Successful monitoring of strain using fiber optics was achieved. However, careful planning tempered by engineering judgement is necessary as the location and gauge length of the fiber optic gauge will determine the usefulness of the collected data.     

Shear repair of RC beams using epoxy injection and hybrid external FRP

This experimental study aims at investigating the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by unidirectional and hybrid bidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets and subjected to cyclic loading. RC beams tested under cycled loading were subsequently repaired using both epoxy injection and external FRP sheets, and then re-tested under monotonic loading. Six RC beam specimens, two of which were control specimens and four were shear deficient, were upgraded with side-bonded FRP sheets in the first phase of the experimental program. In the second phase, three of the damaged beams were repaired using epoxy injection and unidirectional carbon fiber polymer (CFRP) sheets. The repairing method, FRP type, and FRP wrapping scheme were the test variables investigated. Test results show that the repair schemes imparted significant mechanical improvements in terms of ultimate shear capacity and ductility. The simultaneous application of epoxy injection and externally bonded FRP sheets was found to be a highly effective repair technique.     

Experimental investigations and verification of debonding strain of RHSC continuous beams strengthened in flexure with externally bonded FRPs

Although many in-situ RC beams are of continuous constructions, there has been very little research on the behavior of such beams with external reinforcement. This article presents an experimental program conducted to study the flexural behavior and redistribution of moment of reinforced high strength concrete (RHSC) continuous beams strengthened with carbon and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP and GFRP) sheets. The program consists of six RHSC continuous (two-span) beams with overall dimensions equal to 250 × 150 × 6000 mm. One beam was not strengthened and was tested as a control beam. Five beams were strengthened with CFRP and GFRP in flexure along their sagging and hogging regions. The main parameters including type of FRP (GFRP or CFRP), the different ratios of CFRP sheet and effectiveness of end anchorage. The test results showed that the use of GFRP sheet in strengthening of continuous beam reduced loss in ductility and moment redistribution but it did not significantly increase the ultimate strength of them. The use of end anchorage in strengthened continuous beams increased the ultimate strength and moment redistribution. The moment enhancement ratio of the strengthened continuous beams was significantly higher than the ultimate load enhancement ratio in the same beam. Also existing international codes and model such as ACI, fib, JSCE, Teng and Toutanji for prediction of IC debonding strain or stress of strengthened continuous beams are verified. Verifications were carried out based on the test results in this research and the published literature on RC continuous beams strengthened with FRP.     

Nonlinear behavior of shear deficient RC beams strengthened with near surface mounted glass fiber reinforcement under cyclic loading

The aim of this investigation is to evaluate experimentally and numerically the cyclic loading response of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rods using the near surface mounted (NSM) technique. The experimental results indicated that the use of GFRP rods as NSM strengthening systems can significantly enhance the overall capacity and ductility of shear deficient RC members when subjected to cyclic loading. In particular, the increase in the load-carrying capacity of the strengthened specimens over the unstrengthened control specimen was in the range of 49–66%. Furthermore, the increase in the displacement over the control specimen ranged between 112% and 172%. A 3D finite element (FE) model was also developed to simulate the response of the tested specimens. The developed FE model integrates multiple simulation techniques, nonlinear material properties and corresponding constitutive laws. The models incorporate concrete cracking, yielding of steel reinforcement, bond–slip behavior between NSM reinforcement and adhesive material and between steel reinforcement and adjacent concrete material, respectively. The load–deflection response envelopes and the load–deflection hysteresis loops of the experimentally tested beams and those simulated by the FE models were compared. Good matching was observed between the predicted and measured results at all stages of cyclic loading.