超耐磨高硬度全抛釉的制备研究

针对目前全抛釉砖产品存在的釉面耐磨性差、硬度小、坯釉结合性差及防污能力差的不足,通过采用成熟温度高的生料釉作为面釉和烧成温度低的熔块釉作为底釉制备了全抛釉。通过底釉和面釉釉料的配方组成优化和调整釉料熔融性能及制备工艺等,研制出超耐磨、高硬度的全抛釉,有效提升了全抛釉砖产品质量。     

低温快烧琉璃瓦的研制

利用丰富的红页岩、花岗岩风化砂、劣质粘土和硅灰石等原料,采用半干压成型和一次低温快烧工艺,代替传统生产工艺,制备高质量琉璃瓦,研究其工艺条件、坯釉配方以及釉坯显微结构.     

一种银系抗菌陶瓷釉的制备及性能研究

在釉中引入银系无机抗菌剂，使得陶瓷坯体和陶瓷釉紧密结合，并具有高效杀菌抑菌效果。笔者研制了低温二次烧成具有抗菌功能的乳浊釉陶瓷，采用正交实验法优选出抗菌陶瓷的坯体配方，釉料配方及烧成条件。     

银系抗菌陶瓷的制备及其性能研究

在釉中引入银系无机抗菌剂,使产品具有高效杀菌抑菌效果。本论文研制了低温两次烧成具有抗菌功能的乳浊陶瓷,采用正交实验法优选出杀菌陶瓷的坯体配方、釉料配方及烧成条件。     

介绍几种新的陶瓷施釉方法

陶瓷釉面质量的好坏直接影响上釉产品的性能和质量。而釉面质量的好坏除与釉料配方、釉浆制备工艺以及烧成条件有关外,还与施釉工艺有关。随着陶瓷生产的不断发展,施釉工艺也向高质量、低能耗,更适合现代化生产的方向发展。近几年来,在一些发达国家,一些新的施釉方法不断被采用。归纳起来,主要有以下几种施釉方法,机器人施釉、静电喷釉、流化床施釉、热喷施釉、干压施釉。     

利用工业废料研制再生陶瓷初探

为了材料的充分循环,实现可持续发展,研究人员对回收工业废料用做陶瓷原料的技术进行了探索。本文阐述了再生陶瓷的研发状况,介绍了其粉体制备、坯料、配方、成型和烧成工艺,同时还针对节能环保的要求,研究了降低烧成温度和缩短烧成周期的策略。回收废瓷粉、废玻璃粉、燃烧灰烬、废粘土、废赤泥(氧化铝工业废料)和粉煤灰等工业废渣,配成多种陶瓷坯料,并测试了各种坯料配方的物理特性,确定了每种配方的烧成温度。配方中添加废玻璃可以有效地降低烧成温度。研制出的一种再生陶瓷的可行性坯料配方是:80-20%废瓷粉,20-80%燃烧灰烬,30%废玻璃粉。坯料干压成型,经1100℃烧成后,吸水率为9.9%,体积密度为2.52g/cm3。该坯料配方可采用速烧工艺。     

高抗热震陶瓷的抗污染研究

本文阐述了高抗热震陶瓷(抗热震性能达到300℃~25℃连续3次无异常的陶瓷)坯料配方要素以及坯釉适应性的机理,分析了提高高抗热震陶瓷制品釉面耐污性的影响因素,探讨了理想的坯、釉料配方组成范围及烧成温度制度。     

论骨质瓷的坯釉适应性

骨质瓷通常采用高温素烧、低温釉烧二次烧成工艺,其坯釉料组成和生产工艺存在复杂性,在制备过程中,常因坯釉的不适应而影响其性能和釉面质量。本文从四个方面论述了骨质瓷坯釉适应性的影响因素,并提出改善途径。     

日用陶瓷无铅光泽釉的实验分析

针对天然矿物原料制得的陶瓷制品存在烧成温度高、制品烧成不稳定等问题。本论文结合日用瓷烧成制度和注浆成型坯体,通过合理设计釉料配方以适应中低温烧成温度。采用海碧蓝和钒锆蓝色料为着色剂,以无铅光泽釉为例探索其低温釉料基础配方并制得蓝色系成品。     

碱液浸坯代替施釉方法初探

一、前言传统的陶瓷生产工艺都是配料、成形、干燥、施釉、烧成。其中,施釉方法有:浇釉、浸釉、漂釉、喷釉等,无论何种施釉方法,都必须制备釉浆,釉浆制备工艺较复杂,且釉浆的质量直接影响到制品的釉面质量,在确定釉的配方之前,还要进行一系列试验室工作以确定与坯相适应的最佳釉料配     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。