超细SiO2的化学沉淀法制备及其原位改性

以天然优质粉石英自制的Na2O3.1SiO2为原料、硅烷偶联剂KH550为改性剂、HCl为沉淀剂、聚乙二醇为表面活性剂,采用化学沉淀法制备了超细且分散性好的改性SiO2粉体.研究了硅烷偶联剂KH550对溶液中生成的二氧化硅粒子表面原位改性的影响及机理,优化了制备超细改性SiO2粉体的工艺条件.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)对制备产物进行了表征.结果表明硅烷偶联剂KH550是有效的改性剂.     

超细SiO2微粒的表面接枝聚合改性研究进展

综述了超细SiO2微粒表面接枝聚合改性技术的原理以及近年来超细SiO2微粒表面接枝聚合改性的研究进展。讨论了自由基、阳离子和阴离子接枝聚合改性的优缺点。着重介绍了一种极具发展前景的接枝聚合改性方法——ATRP技术。     

纳米SiO2的表面改性研究及其在涂料中的应用

简介了纳米SiO2的团聚机理,就国内对纳米SiO2几种常见的表面改性方式做了详细介绍,并对纳米SiO2在涂料改性中的应用现状进行了阐述。对纳米SiO2在表面改性和涂料应用中的研究方向提出展望。     

超细电气石粉体的表面改性试验研究

超细电气石粉体在使用基体中的分散性直接影响其释放负氧离子的性能.本文以提高超细电气石粉体在亲水性体系中的分散性为目的进行了表面改性研究.通过对超细电气石粉体的聚丙烯酸改性处理,并通过对改性前后的样品进行红外光谱分析分析了改性机理.结果表明,对超细电气石粉体进行表面改性时,聚丙烯酸的最优用量为电气石粉体质量的1.0%,改性处理后样品在水中的分散性大大提高.红外光谱分析表明,聚丙烯酸与电气石粉体表面的结合方式为化学吸附.     

硅烷偶联剂KH-560改性纳米二氧化硅

用硅烷偶联剂KH-560对纳米SiO2样品表面进行接枝改性研究.考察了纳米SiO2的用量、KH-560百分含量、改性温度以及改性时间对改性效果的影响.采用红外光谱、热重分析手段对表面改性前后的纳米SiO2进行表征.纳米SiO2最佳工艺改性条件:纳米SiO2用量4％,KH-560百分含量2％,改性温度90℃C,改性时间6...     

SiO2粒径对PP发泡行为和力学性能的影响

通过把改性过的不同粒径SiO2以不同用量加入到聚丙烯(PP)中,制备PP/SiO2复合材料母粒,在二次开模条件下制备微发泡PP/SiO2复合材料.通过对不同粒径的SiO2粒子对PP纳米复合材料发泡行为的影响研究,讨论了超细SiO2在聚合物微孔发泡中的作用机理,分析了超细SiO2对PP的力学性能及泡孔结构的影响规律.结果表明,不同粒径的SiO2粒子的加入都能够显著降低PP的泡孔直径和增加泡孔密度;SiO2粒子使PP的缺口冲击强度升高,发泡材料的拉伸强度低于未发泡材料的拉伸强度.     

SiO2纳米粒子改性填充PC的力学与流变性能

采用SiO2纳米粒子填充改性聚碳酸酯(PC),为使无机纳米粒子在基体PC中分散均匀,经硅烷偶联剂KH-550对SiO2纳米粒子进行表面处理,分析了改性SiO2纳米粒子对复合材料机械与加工性能的影响,并对复合材料进行了分析表征,探讨了无机刚性纳米粒子填充改性典型工程塑料PC的特点并探索其增强增韧的机理,研究了复合物的粘流变性能. 结果表明,改性SiO2纳米粒为球形,在PC基体中分散均匀,湿法改性制备的PC/SiO2纳米粒子复合材料的力学拉伸性能和流变性能最好.     

聚合物改性纳米SiO2表面的研究

纳米SiO2粒子被广泛用作填料来改性聚合物.但纳米SiO2粒子极易发生团聚,在有机介质中难以均匀分散,使其在许多领域的应用和发展受到限制.对纳米SiO2粒子进行表面改性处理,可以使之较好地分散到有机介质中.纳米SiO2粒子有多种表面改性方法,其中以聚合物包覆的方法效果最好.本文综述了纳米SiO2表面聚合物改性的一般方法,并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

纳米SiO2对石灰基材料性能影响研究进展

作为一种应用广泛的无机纳米材料,纳米SiO2颗粒尺寸小、比表面积大、表面吸附性强,在改性石灰早期强度低和耐久性方面效果显著.综述了纳米SiO2对石灰基材料力学性能、耐久性以及改性机理等方面的研究进展,并基于上述综述提出了纳米SiO2改性石灰基材料当前存在的问题,结合纳米SiO2改性石灰的应用情况,展望了该类材料未来的发展方向.     

纳米改性Si02填料对光固化涂料耐腐蚀性的影响

用偶联剂6040对纳米SiO2表面进行了改性,并将改性后的SiO2加入到有机硅改性环氧丙烯酸酯中,制得光固化涂层.用XRD、FT-IR对改性后的纳米SiO2进行了表征;用SEM、EIS技术考察了填料改性对光固化涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:改性后SiO2由晶态转变为非晶态;并且改性后SiO2的表面带有偶联刺的特征基团;填料改性后在光固化涂层中的分散性良好,涂层耐腐蚀性大大提高.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.