氟改性丙烯酸酯对聚合物水泥基复合材料抗老化性能影响研究

分别对氟改性丙烯酸酯乳液和普通纯丙乳液为有机组分的聚合物水泥基复合材料进行紫外人工加速老化试验,并对其进行附着力、抗冲击性和抗弯折性测试。实验结果表明,氟改性丙烯酸酯较普通纯丙乳液拥有更好的抗老化性能。     

废旧聚苯颗粒对硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆力学性能研究的影响

本文分别研究了废日聚苯颗粒(EPS)掺量对硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆力学性能的影响以及改性剂苯丙乳液和粉煤灰对掺量为10％的聚苯颗粒砂浆试样的改性作用.结果表明:随聚苯颗粒掺量增加,硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆试样1d、3d的抗压强度、抗折强度均呈下降趋势,而28 d试样在聚苯颗粒掺量为3％时,抗压抗折强度均有所增加,较未加聚苯颗粒砂浆试样分别提高了14.5％和13.4％;聚苯颗粒掺量为10％的砂浆试样,经1％苯丙乳液改性的试样早期3d抗压抗折强度相对于未改性试样均有所下降,而经5％粉煤灰改性的试样早期3d、7d抗压强度相对于未改性试样有小幅提高.     

纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液的研究

采用油酸对纳米SiO2进行表面改性,有效地改善了纳米SiO2的表面性能,并通过预乳化种子乳液法制备了纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液,并对改性前后的SiO2、纯丙乳液及纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液进行红外、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射、热质、紫外一可见分析表征.结果表明,改性后的SiO2粒子疏水性增强,团聚现象明显减少.说明通过油酸改性,提高了无机纳米SiO2粒子在有机物中的分散性,为其参加乳液聚合创造了条件.紫外一可见光谱、热质分析结果表明纳米SiO2改性的纯丙乳液热稳定性和耐紫外光性得到了提高.     

不同聚合物乳液对水泥附着力改性效果对比研究

聚合物水泥基复合材料具有良好的隔绝和密封性能,因此可将其应用于金属腐蚀防护,但在此之前必须确保其具有优异的附着力。文章将三种不同的聚合物乳液与水泥混合涂覆至打磨光滑的马口铁板上制成样板,并对样板进行了附着力试验,对比所得实验结果,得出这三种乳液对水泥附着力的改性效果。比较三种样板涂层的附着力性能曲线,得出纯丙乳液对水泥物理性能良好的改性效果,同时得出性能拐点的乳液添加比例,为其下一步的研究奠定基础。     

苯丙乳液改性水泥修补砂浆的制备与性能研究

采用复配技术制备苯丙乳液改性水泥修补砂浆,并进行性能研究.探讨了聚合物乳液、偏高岭土、煅烧膨润土等外加剂对该砂浆物理性能的影响.结果表明:苯丙乳液的掺入虽然在一定程度上降低了砂浆的抗压强度,但显著改善了水泥砂浆的和易性和需水量.通过掺加偏高岭土或煅烧膨润土等火山灰活性掺合料可弥补砂浆力学性能的不足.     

纳米SiO_2改性纯丙乳液的制备与表征

采用硅烷偶联剂KH570对纳米SiO2进行表面改性,有效改善了纳米SiO2的表面性能。通过预乳化种子乳液法制备了纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液,并对改性前后的SiO2、纯丙乳液及改性纯丙乳液进行红外和X-射线衍射分析表征。     

微米级碳酸钙高填充丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物的制备

用微米级碳酸钙对丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物进行了填充改性,研究了高填充量碳酸钙对试样物理性能、结晶性能、熔融性能的影响.结果表明:在丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物中填充其质量20％～40％的微米级碳酸钙可以提高基体树脂的弯曲模量、冲击强度,减小注塑试样收缩率的各向异性,提升尺寸均匀性,但对丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物熔体的流动性有不利影响.高...     

纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液的制备与表征

采用硅烷偶联剂KH570对纳米SiO2进行表面改性,有效改善了纳米SiO2的表面性能。通过预乳化种子乳液法制备了纳米SiO2改性纯丙乳液,并对改性前后的SiO2、纯丙乳液及改性纯丙乳液进行红外和X-射线衍射分析表征。     

水泥基发泡保温材料的制备工艺与性能研究

以普通硅酸盐水泥(P.O42.5)为主要胶凝材料,采用物理发泡工艺制备发泡水泥节能保温材料,发泡剂分别采用动物复合泡沫剂、植物改性泡沫剂和植物泡沫剂干粉,研究了发泡剂种类、水灰比和玻璃纤维掺量对水泥基发泡保温材料性能的影响,确定了水泥基发泡保温材料的最佳配合比.实验结果表明:发泡剂选择植物改性泡沫剂,水灰比为0.5,玻璃纤维掺量为1.5％时,水泥基发泡保温材料的干密度为356 kg/m3,7d抗压强度可达1.71 MPa.     

硅烷偶联剂改性空心SiO2纳米球对纯丙乳液性能的影响

采用硅烷偶联剂A-172改性空心SiO2纳米球,使其表面带有富含碳碳双键的活性基团,有效地增强了空心SiO2纳米球的疏水性,明显减少了团聚现象.进一步将其引入到纯丙乳液中,研究了其对纯丙乳液性能的影响.使用扫描电镜(SEM)、高倍透射电镜(HRTEM)观察了改性前后空心SiO2纳米球的形貌;使用傅里叶红外(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)、附着力测试等对改性纯丙乳液的结构及性能进行了表征.结果表明:硅烷偶联剂改性后的空心SiO2纳米球在有机溶剂中的分散性明显增强,且并未破坏其形貌结构;空心SiO2纳米球改性后的纯丙乳液热稳定性及附着力明显提高.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。