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1.
王雅倩  鲁晓  彭波 《化工学报》2020,71(6):2912-2917
(C4H9NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb2I7是一种Ruddlesden-Popper相钙钛矿材料,具有层状结构,层间通过van der Waals力结合,因此可以通过机械剥离的方法,获得其二维薄层。二维(C4H9NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb2I7内束缚激子会自发复合从而表现出强的荧光,其圆极化率、峰位均受磁场调控。在外磁场中,荧光圆极化率与磁场呈线性关系,激子中电子和空穴之间的朗德因子差Δg约为0.43。束缚激子在磁场中受抗磁效应影响,致使其发光峰随磁场增加而红移。  相似文献   

2.
牟柏林  杨阳 《硅酸盐学报》2006,34(9):1151-1153
通过柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧法合成了钙钛矿(ABO3)及类钙钛矿(A2B2O5)型化合物BaFeO3,Sr2Fe2O5,Ca2Fe2O5,BaCoO2 93,Sr2Co2O5.用X射线衍射,紫外-可见光分光光度计,红外光谱分析和扫描电镜检测了合成样品.样品经过450℃烧结2 h并在800℃烧结4 h而获得.实验表明:在B位元素相同的情况下,A位元素离子半径越大越容易形成钙钛矿结构.实验中合成的具有钙钛矿或类钙钛矿结构的氧化物具有不同程度的光催化性能.  相似文献   

3.
高性能环境友好型(K,Na)NbO3(KNN)基无铅压电陶瓷是国际上功能陶瓷的重要科学前沿和技术竞争焦点之一。优异的压电性能及其温度稳定性、抗疲劳特性、力学性能以及制备工艺重复性等综合性能是KNN基陶瓷有望得以广泛应用的重要前提,而这些性能与KNN基陶瓷的多层次结构紧密相关。本工作从多层次结构调控的角度出发,总结了KNN基陶瓷压电性能与其温度稳定性、抗疲劳特性、力学性能、制备工艺重复性研究等方面的研究进展以及KNN基陶瓷的应用技术研究进展。最后,就KNN基无铅压电陶瓷的未来发展进行展望。  相似文献   

4.
(Na,K)NbO_3基无铅压电陶瓷的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
本文主要综述近几年来国内外有关(Na,K)NbO3基无铅压电陶瓷体系的加压固相烧结技术、液相助烧致密化技术、掺杂改性、相结构调控以及相关机理研究方面的研究进展和动向,并展望该陶瓷体系在医疗超声换能器技术方面的应用前景。  相似文献   

5.
查林 《能源化工》2020,(4):37-40
应用密度泛函理论B3LYP在6-31G(d)水平上对D3-C42的衍生物D3-C42X2(X=H,F,Cl)进行几何优化,从总能量、反应热以及前线分子轨道HOMO-LUMO能级角度判断,D3-C42X2(X=H,F,Cl)在热力学上是稳定的,相同衍生位置的C—F键的强度最大,C—Cl键比C—H键稍强.经过振动频率计算验...  相似文献   

6.
本研究采用非等摩尔混料结合两步法烧结制备了一系列非等摩尔比高熵钙钛矿氧化物Sr(Ti,Zr,Y,Sn,Hf)O3-σ。通过XRD、TG-DSC、SEM及TEM分析了其物相转变、表面形貌及晶体结构,并且采用电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)对其电导率进行分析。研究结果表明Sr(Ti,Zr,Y,Sn,Hf)O3-σ在1480℃左右形成了单相钙钛矿结构,并且各元素分布均匀。在测试温度范围为300~750℃的条件下,Sr(Ti,Zr,Y,Sn,Hf)O3-σ单相钙钛矿结构稳定,其电导率符合阿伦尼乌斯方程,电导机理保持稳定。相较于其他三种高熵钙钛矿氧化物,Sr(Ti0.20Zr0.20Y0.20 Sn0.20Hf0.20)O3-σ(HEOY1)表现出最高的电导率,其750℃的电导率为3.55×10-3S/cm,与文献报道中的高熵钙钛矿氧化物的电导率(2.41×10-3S/cm)相比有较大提升。  相似文献   

7.
王德强  陈玮  程继健 《硅酸盐通报》2006,25(6):48-51,153
以油酸钾为熔盐,GeS2-Ga2S3-AgX(X=Cl,Br,I)玻璃为基玻璃,在270℃的环境温度下,以氮气作为保护气氛,成功地进行了K -Ag 离子交换。在50GeS2-25Ga2S3-25AgI玻璃中,K 离子的交换深度可达256μm,并对交换深度、离子扩散系数以及离子浓度之间的规律进行了初步研究。通过离子交换研究,为制备硫卤玻璃光波导奠定了基础,并可以进一步拓宽硫卤玻璃的应用前景。  相似文献   

8.
采用熔融法制备TeO2-ZnO-ZnX2(X=F,Cl,Br)系统氧卤玻璃块体,并测定了玻璃的各项特征温度。通过Raman光谱和X射线光电子能谱分析了卤化物的引入对玻璃网络结构稳定性的影响。结果表明,加入ZnF2比加入ZnCl2或ZnBr2对Ho3+/Yb3+共掺的碲酸盐玻璃的近红外荧光输出有更明显的效果和规律性。与加入ZnCl2和ZnBr2相比,加入ZnF2对Ho3+/Yb3+共掺的碲酸盐玻璃近中红外的荧光输出影响更加明显和规律。ZnF2虽会抑制1μm处发光但能增强1.2和2μm的发光,同时2μm处荧光输出的量子效率也得到大幅提升。比起使用ZnBr2,使用ZnF2和ZnCl2替代ZnO能更好地提高玻璃的光学性能和热稳定性。在这3种卤化锌中,氟化锌对稀土发光的增强起着更为重要的作用。  相似文献   

9.
刘水香  张海朗 《化学世界》2013,54(1):1-4,17
采用溶胶-凝胶法合成层状LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O1.95Y0.05(Y=O,F,Cl,Br)正极材料,在850℃空气氛围下煅烧20h得到晶型较好的正极材料。以XRD、SEM和充放电测试等手段对材料的晶体结构、表观形貌和电化学性能进行表征。XRD显示F-和Cl-掺杂材料具有高度有序的二维层状结构;充放电测试表明,掺杂F-和Cl-的材料放电比容量、循环性能和倍率性能均优于未掺杂材料,特别是掺杂F-材料在55℃,电压范围为2.0~4.6V,0.15mA电流下首次放电比容量高达207.5mAh/g,且0.9mA电流下第60次循环的容量仍达到165.1mAh/g。掺杂Br-的材料结构稳定性、循环性能和放电比容量均比未掺杂材料差。  相似文献   

10.
合成了一类苄亚基钌邻位含卤素的钌卡宾烯烃复分解催化剂[RuCl2=CH(o-C6H4X)(PCy3)2][X=F (10),Cl (11),Br (12)],并采用核磁共振波谱确定了结构。在25℃下,催化剂表现出良好的稳定性。30℃下,以二烯丙基丙二酸二乙酯为关环复分解反应(RCM)模型进行了动力学研究,结果表明催化剂10具有较快的引发速率,在40 min后底物转化率可达到70%。测试了其对不同底物的催化效果,发现3种催化剂皆具有较强的官能团适用性,可以催化关环复分解和交叉复分解反应(CM)。  相似文献   

11.
无机钙钛矿因其优异的光、热稳定性而备受关注,但往往高效率的无机钙钛矿太阳能电池要用到有机材料进行修饰,在一定程度上限制了器件稳定性的提升。为了有效解决这一问题,提出一种相异质结(PHJ)策略用以界面修饰制备高效率的无机钙钛矿太阳能电池(IPSCs),即在无机钙钛矿的光吸收层上界面和空穴传输层之间利用旋涂甲醇溶液结合蒸发碘化铯(CsI)的方式进行PHJ的构建。实现了界面缺陷的有效管理,降低了非辐射复合,促进了载流子的驱动和分离。最终,基于该PHJ策略的正式结构(N-I-P型)IPSCs实现了20.56%的光电转换效率,远高于参考组的18.03%,在65℃的氮气(N2)氛围下放置1000 h,可保留其初始效率的86.14%。  相似文献   

12.
以Bi2O3、B2O3和SiO2为主要原料制备无铅玻璃粘合剂,将其与导电银(Ag)粉、Al2O3、MnO2等无机添加剂和α-松油醇等有机载体进行混合制备无铅导电银浆,在800℃的温度下烧结20s形成Ag电极。采用四点探针法测量Ag电极电阻率ρ,通过SEM观察其断面形貌并用Keithley2400数字源表测定电池的相关性能参数,研究了Ag电极中导电Ag粉含量对电极性能的影响,确定了无铅导电Ag浆的质量配比为:导电银粉75%,玻璃粘合剂(Glass frit,GF)4%,无机添加剂1%,有机载体20%时,Ag电极的电性能趋于最佳。  相似文献   

13.
    
Over the past few decades, crystalline silicon solar cells have been extensively studied due to their high efficiency, high reliability, and low cost. In addition, these types of cells lead the industry and account for more than half of the market. For the foreseeable future, Si will still be a critical material for photovoltaic devices in the solar cell industry. In this paper, we discuss key issues, cell concepts, and the status of recent high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells.  相似文献   

14.
    
《Ceramics International》2020,46(13):21378-21387
A systematic density functional theory investigation of Cs2PbX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) double perovskites is presented. The lattice constants are computed after structure optimization and using Birch-Murnaghan equations, which agree to the experimental literature. The mechanical stability conditions satisfy Born criteria, and the ductile nature is evidenced by the calculated Poisson's (v) and Pugh's ratios (B0/G) because all three double perovskites exhibit values higher than the respective critical values v = 0.26 and B0/G = 1.75. A detailed study of the optoelectronic properties reveals these double perovskites as promising candidates for future optical devices due to their direct band gaps (within 0.45–2.54 eV) and large absorption coefficients 5.95 × 105 cm−1, which are suitable for solar cell applications. ZT calculations demonstrate minute variations within 200–800 K and computed parameter values are quite favorable for thermoelectric applications of these materials in the future. A p-type semiconducting nature is predicted by the computed thermoelectric properties. Additionally, computed refractive indices show Cs2PbBr6 and Cs2PbI6 exhibiting super-luminescent properties in the UV range. Therefore, the studied double perovskites provide further interest for future energy conversion and photonic based technologies.  相似文献   

15.
    
(K,Na)NbO3-based compounds are attracting much attention for their high potential as Pb-free piezoelectric ceramics. They have, however, three major drawbacks to overcome in order to achieve a mature development: densification, reproducibility, and chemical stability. In this first part, based on standard solid-state reaction, the way to synthesize high-density homogeneous ceramics with high piezoelectric performance and chemical stability is elucidated. It relies on a low-temperature spark-plasma sintering process, after the raw materials have been finely pulverized prior to reaction. The reproducibility, however, remains a pending issue due to the unavoidable random formation of parasitic phases.  相似文献   

16.
One-pot synthesized twin perovskite oxide composite of BaCe0.5Fe0.5O3−δ (BCF), comprising cubic and orthorhombic perovskite phases, shows triple-conducting properties for promising solid oxide electrochemical cells. Phase composition evolution of BCF under various conditions was systematically investigated, revealing that the cubic perovskite phase could be fully/partially reduced into the orthorhombic phase under certain conditions. The reduction happened between the two phases at the interface, leading to the microstructure change. As a result, the corresponding apparent conducting properties also changed due to the difference between predominant conduction properties for each phase. Based on the revealed phase composition, microstructure, and electrochemical properties changes, a deep understanding of BCF's application in different conditions (oxidizing atmospheres, reducing/oxidizing gradients, cathodic conditions, and anodic conditions) was achieved. Triple-conducting property (H+/O2−/e), fast open-circuit voltage response (∼16–∼470 mV) for gradients change, and improved single-cell performance (∼31% lower polarization resistance at 600°C) were comprehensively demonstrated. Besides, the performance was analyzed under anodic conditions, which showed that the microstructure and phase change significantly affected the anodic behavior.  相似文献   

17.
    
A genetic algorithm (GA) was used in this simulation work and a well-studied double perovskite structure was chosen to verify the feasibility of the algorithm. To pursue excellent efficiency and stability of the perovskite solar cell, the experimental and simulation data were summarized to determine the adjustable range of parameters for the simulated cell structure. The GA can help us to determine the best combination among a wide range of potential possibilities. The optimal solution was obtained by substituting the best combination data into SCAPS-1D and the open circuit voltage (VOC) was 1.08 V, fill factor (FF) was 88.81%, short circuit current (JSC) was 37.06 mA/cm2, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was 35.54%. Compared to the initial simulation results, the efficiency was improved by 10 percentage points and the JSC increased by 12 mA/cm2. From these conclusions, it was clear that the GA provides a faster and more accurate way to find the optimal solution for perovskite solar cells.  相似文献   

18.
基于咔唑基窄带隙共轭聚合物的太阳能电池材料的研究取得突破性的进展,成为当前聚合物光伏器件研究的热点课题之一。概述了咔唑基窄带隙共轭聚合物作为电子给体材料的研究进展及存在的问题,提出了光谱响应更宽、光电转换效率更高的咔唑基共轭聚合物研究的发展前景。  相似文献   

19.
A new low band gap photosensitizer, D, which contains 2,2′-(1,4-phenylene) bisthiophene central unit and cyanovinylene 4-nitrophenyl terminal units at both sides was synthesized. The two carboxyls attached to the 2,5-positions of the phenylene ring act as anchoring groups. Dye D was soluble in common organic solvents, showed long-wavelength absorption maximum at 620–636 nm and optical band gap of 1.72 eV. The electrochemical parameters, i.e. the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) (−5.1 eV) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (−3.3 eV) energy levels of D show that this dye is suitable as molecular sensitizer. The quasi solid state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on D shows a short circuit current (Jsc) of 9.95 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.70 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.64 corresponding to an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.40% under 100 mW/cm2 irradiation. The overall PCE has been further improved to 5.52% when diphenylphosphinic acid (DPPA) coadsorbent is incorporated into the D solution. This increased PCE has been attributed to the enhancement in the electron lifetime and reduced recombination of injected electrons with the iodide ions present in the electrolyte with the use of DPPA as coadsorbant. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicated that the augment ascribes to inhibited interfacial charge recombination between the conduction band electrons and the tri-iodide ions in the electrolyte.  相似文献   

20.
介绍了太阳能电池浆料用无铅电子玻璃粉的研制过程。当Bi2O3的质量分数在60%,B2O3在10%,ZnO在10%,SiO2在15%,其它在5%时,可获得膨胀系数在6.0×10-6/℃,软化点在500~510℃,玻化温度在(600±10)℃,附着力优良的无铅玻璃粉。用该玻璃粉制备的铝电子浆料印刷在125 mm×125 mm单晶硅上,烧结后,开路电压为0.630 V,短路电流为5.640 A,串联电阻为5.5Ω,并联电阻为17.8Ω,漏电流为0.464 mA,填充因子为78.50%,光电转换效率为18.01%,翘曲度不超过1.1 mm,附着力和耐水煮性合格。  相似文献   

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