基于内容的图像检索的关键技术

基于内容特征的图像检索(CBIR)是目前国内外研究的一个热点.本文简要介绍了基于内容的图像检索技术的发展过程及主要原理,重点论述了基于内容的图像检索常用关键技术--图像视觉特征的描述和提取.     

基于内容的标准烟叶图像数据库检索

基于内容的检索是当前多媒体数据库发展的一个重要研究领域。在图像数据库中,基于内容的图像检索技术一般采用颜色直方图为特征。该文提出了把图像的形状特征、颜色特征和纹理特征结合起来的方法进行基于内容的图像检索。通过对人的视觉检索过程的研究,提出把数据库中的图像依次分别按形状特征、颜色特征和纹理特征分级聚类的方法,既符合人的视觉特点又大大提高了检索效率。     

基于内容的图像检索介绍

基于内容特征的图象检索(CBIR)是目前国内外研究的一个热点。本文简要介绍了基于内容的图像检索技术的发展过程及主要原理,重点论述了基于内容的图像检索常用关键技术——图像视觉特征的描述和提取。     

深度特征的实例图像检索算法综述

基于内容的图像检索算法（CBIR）目标是在数量庞大的图像数据库中通过分析视觉内容,找出与查询图像在语义上匹配或相近的图像。其中通过特征提取获得具有判别性的图像表示对检索结果至关重要。随着深度学习的不断发展,图像检索中使用的图像特征表示方法也逐渐由原来的基于手工特征的方法转变为基于深度特征的方法。通过从特征提取的不同方法角度出发,回顾并追踪了最近基于深度特征的图像检索算法。对基于深度特征的图像检索算法分为基于深度全局特征与基于深度局部特征的图像检索算法两方面进行综述,其中在基于深度局部特征算法中重点关注了深度卷积特征聚合技术。并对现在广泛应用的深度全局与局部特征融合的图像检索方法进行归纳。探讨了深度特征的实例图像检索技术在遥感图像检索、电子商务产品检索和医疗图像检索领域中的实际应用,并比较这些特征提取算法在图像检索精度方面的表现。最后展望了深度特征提取技术在实例图像检索领域的未来研究趋势。     

基于内容的图像检索技术与医学图像检索

在分析基于内容的图像检索技术特点的基础上，提出了4种基于内容的图像检索方法，并对每种方法的实现特别是特征抽取进行了一定的研究。根据医学图像的使用特点，对基于内容的医学图像检索技术进行了初步的研究；对医学图像特征的抽取，应将重点放在形状特征和纹理特征的抽取上；同时，对医学图像进行检索，还可以使用颜色空间分布特征，来进一步进行相似匹配。     

综合颜色和纹理特征的图像检索算法

基于内容的图像检索是当前多媒体信息检索的热点之一。基于内容的图像检索技术是根据对图像内容(特征)的描述和提取,在图像库中找到具有指定内容(特征)的图像。本文对图像颜色特征和纹理特征的提取、相似性度量等基于内容的图像检索的关键技术进行了分析和研究,并在此基础上,提出了一个基于颜色特征和纹理特征的图像检索算法并验证了其有效性。该算法采用HSV颜色空间的直方图作为颜色特征向量,采用灰度共生矩阵的四个纹理特征:能量、熵、惯性矩和相关性构成纹理特征向量,采用欧氏距离进行相似性度量。实验结果表明,该算法实现的系统具有良好的图像检索功能。     

基于LBP算子的医学图像检索方法

在医学信息领域,对医学图像物理特征的研究有助于实现图像的自动分析和基于内容的检索。为此,本文提出了一种基于LBP算子的医学图像检索方法。首先提取图像的LBP加权直方图特征,此特征能够有效地降低图像特征维数,然后使用该特征进行基于内容的图像检索。实验表明,该方法具有较高的检准率和检全率,并且检索时间较短。     

基于内容特征的图像数据库检索技术及实现

随着图像数据库容量的增大,迫切的需要提高对数据库内图像进行检索的准确率和效率,基于图像内容特征的检索技术发展是一个重要的提高检索效率的途径。本文在分析了基于内容特征的图像检索技术基础上,针对多维索引技术发展及图像数据库的特点,提出了一种新的改进NB-Tree的基于颜色特征的图像检索技术,通过引入新的信息特征矢量,实现了检索效率的提高,并给出了一个具体的实例验证了技术的正确性。     

基于内容的图像检索的发展最新趋势

基于内容的图像检索目前主要集中于底层特征的相似度匹配的研究,文中阐述了基于内容的图像检索发展的最新趋势:基于语义内容的图像检索和语义的描述方法。文章首先提出了语义层次化的基于内容检索的系统框架,然后介绍了图像高层语义的处理方法,最后展望了基于MPEG-7的统一规范的图像语义的描述方法。     

几种基于内容的图像检索的方法

基于内容的图像检索(CBIR)技术依赖于对图像特征(例如颜色直方图、纹理、草图、形状等)的提取,相对于传统的基于文本的图像检索方式,这种方式提高了检索效率和检索的准确率。文中主要介绍了基于颜色和基于纹理特征这两种特征提取方法。这两种方法既能够反映全局特征,又能够兼顾所感兴趣区域的局部特征,是基于内容的图像检索的两种非常有效的方法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.