光学基质粉体YAG及荧光粉体Ce:YAG的制备与表征

采用共沉淀法制备出尺寸分布均匀、分散性良好的立方相钇铝石榴石(YAG)与Ce:YAG纳米粉体.考察了煅烧温度和时间对粉体物相和颗粒大小的影响及Ce~(3+)的掺杂量对Ce:YAG粉体的荧光光谱的影响.借助IR、XRD、BET、SEM和荧光分析仪等测试手段对前驱体、YAG及Ce:YAG纳米粉体进行了表征与分析.结果表明:共沉淀前驱体经900℃煅烧2h后可得到纯立方相的YAG(Ce:YAG)纳米粉体;所得Ce:YAG粉体具有较好的荧光特性且Ce~(3+)的掺杂量增加会造成其荧光光谱红移.     

Pr3+掺杂对SrAl2O4:Eu2+、Dy3+磷光体发光性能的影响

用燃烧法制备Pr~(3+)掺杂的SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+)、Dy~(3+)长余辉发光粉体,研究了Pr~(3+)掺杂对其发光性能的影响。结果表明,合成的单相SrAl_2O_4样品具有单斜晶系结构,荧光发射光谱是连续宽带谱,峰位于515 nm,激发光谱是峰值在320 nm和360 nm的连续宽带谱。掺杂Pr~(3+)对形成晶粒尺寸均匀的固溶体有一定的促进作用,使其余辉初始亮度为不掺杂时的3倍。     

稀土(Ln=Y/Yb)掺杂对Sm2Zr2O7陶瓷材料结构及热导率的影响

利用稀土Ln=Y/Yb对Sm_2Zr_2O_7进行A位取代掺杂,通过固相合成法制得Sm1.8Ln0.2Zr2O7(Ln=Y/Yb)陶瓷材料。分别利用XRD分析材料的晶体结构,SEM观察其显微形貌,激光导热仪测试其热扩散系数并计算得到热导率。结果表明,Sm1.8Ln0.2Zr2O7(Ln=Y/Yb)陶瓷材料为立方烧绿石结构,晶粒分布均匀,Yb~(3+)/Y~(3+)的掺杂降低了陶瓷材料的热扩散系数和热导率,其中Yb的作用更为明显。     

Bi~(3+)和Ce~(3+)掺杂对Ca_(0.99)(WO_4)_(0.5)(MoO_4)_(0.5)∶0.01Eu~(3+)荧光粉体结构与发光性能的影响

采用高温固相法,分别以Bi ~(3+)和Ce~(3+)为掺杂离子,制备了红色荧光材料Ca_(0.99)(WO_4)_(0.5)(MoO_4)_(0.5)∶0.01Eu~(3+)。研究了Bi ~(3+)和Ce~(3+)的不同掺杂量分别对该红色荧光材料的相结构、显微结构和荧光性能的影响。结果表明:Bi ~(3+)、Ce~(3+)的掺入并不影响Ca_(0.99)(WO_4)_(0.5)(MoO_4)_(0.5)∶0.01Eu~(3+)晶相的形成,合成的荧光粉体结构均为四方纯相。当Bi ~(3+)摩尔掺杂量在1%(摩尔百分数,下同)~4%范围内逐渐增加时,粉体的荧光强度先增强而后降低,一定量的Bi ~(3+)掺杂能够改善粉体的形貌,而Ce~(3+)摩尔掺杂量在1%~4%范围内变化时,粉体的荧光性能呈降低趋势,粉体的颗粒不均匀,粉体表面有缺陷。     

Gd_2O_2S∶Pr~(3+)荧光粉的合成与发光性能研究

采用Gd(NO_3)_3、Pr_6O_(11)、HNO_3、(NH_4)_2SO_4和NH_3·H_2O为实验原料,通过共沉淀还原法合成了Gd_2O_2S∶Pr~(3+)荧光粉。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光(PL)等手段对合成产物进行了表征。结果表明前驱体具有非晶态结构,在空气气氛中800℃煅烧2 h能转化为单相的Gd_2O_2SO_4粉体,该粉体在氩氢混合气氛下800℃煅烧1 h能转化为单相的Gd_2O_2S粉体。Gd_2O_2S粉体呈准球形,粒径大约1μm左右,团聚严重。PL光谱分析表明在303 nm的紫外光激发下,Gd_2O_2S∶Pr~(3+)荧光粉呈绿光发射,主发射峰位于514nm,归属于Pr~(3+)离子的~3P_0-~3H_4跃迁,Pr~(3+)离子的猝灭浓度为1mol%。     

不同pH值对Eu_2Zr_2O_7/ZrO_2(3Y)粉体活化能的影响

用反向共沉淀法合成Eu_2Zr_2O_7/ZrO_2(3Y)复相粒子;用XRD、DTA-TG、SEM表征物相变化及粒子形貌;分析了不同pH值下制备粉体的合成动力学。结果表明,两相体积比V(Eu_2Zr_2O_7)∶V(ZrO_2(3Y))=15∶85,初始溶液浓度0.1 mol/L,体系温度0℃,滴定速率2 mL/min,pH值=11,经1 100℃煅烧2.5h时,获得的Eu_2Zr_2O_7/ZrO_2(3Y)粒子形貌近似球形、粒径约35nm。由Doyle-Ozawa和Kissinger法分别计算的pH值=11和12的样品物相变化各阶段的表观活化能平均值分别为59.66,100,310.53kJ/mol和73.99,126.91,356.74kJ/mol;晶粒生长活化能分别为18.96和23.90kJ/mol,前者比后者小了4.94kJ/mol,可见具有较高的烧结活性。     

磁控溅射制备Er~(3+)掺杂Al_2O_3薄膜的上转换发光特性

Al_2O_3作为太阳能电池的钝化层,如果掺入稀土元素Er~(3+)通过吸收红外光并将其上转换为可见光被硅吸收,则可以提高太阳能的利用率。本文采用磁控溅射法制备得到厚度为500 nm左右的不同浓度Er~(3+)掺杂Al_2O_3薄膜。X射线衍射测试表明薄膜由θ-(Al,Er)_2O_3、Al_(10)Er_6O_(24)和ErAlO_3相构成。通过波长980nm的激光器激发产生光频上转换,获得了490 nm的绿光和670nm的红光发光,分别对应于Er~(3+)的~4F_(7/2)→~4I_(15/2)和~4F_(9/2)→~4I_(15/2)的能级跃迁。当Er~(3+)掺杂浓度为0.6%(摩尔比)时,上转换发光强度最强。上转换发光强度受到Al_(10)Er_6O_(24)和ErAlO_3晶体的生成以及Er~(3+)掺杂浓度的影响,并且对红光的影响要大于绿光。Er~(3+)掺杂Al_2O_3薄膜相比粉体材料具有较低的声子态密度,从而抑制了Er~(3+)无辐射跃迁,得到了不同于粉体材料的490nm绿光的发光。     

Ce~(3+)和Y~(3+)掺杂对Ca_2MgSi_2O_7:Eu~(2+)荧光粉发光性能的影响

在还原气氛下,采用高温固相法合成了Ca_2MgSi_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Rs~(3+) (R~(3+)=Ce~(3+),Y~(3+))系列荧光粉.结果表明,少量稀土离子的掺入没有改变晶体的物相结构.在Ca_2MgSi_2o_7:Euz~(2+)荧光粉中,Ce~(3+)和y~(3+)的掺入对荧光强度的影响较大,且与掺杂元素、掺杂量相关.当掺杂Ce~(3+)和Y~(3+)的量分别为0.007mol和0.05mol时,所得荧光粉在532nm处的发光强度分别是未掺杂时的127%和117%.结果表明,在Ca_2MgSi_2O_7中Ce~(3+)与Eu~(2+)存在能量传递,Ce~(3+)的加入显著敏化了Eu~(2+)的发光,导致荧光强度的进一步提高;Y~(3+)的掺杂可以使荧光粉的粒径减小,并导致基质中的电荷缺陷而敏化Eu~(2+)发光,从而使荧光强度进一步提高.     

无机固体电解质Li7La3Zr2O12的制备及掺杂改性研究进展

无机固体电解质由于其安全性能高、能量密度大等特点备受研究者的青睐。其中Garnet型锂离子无机固体电解质Li_7La_3Zr_2O_(12)具有较高的离子导电率,较低的界面电阻,优良的稳定性能和电化学性能,在未来的全固态锂离子电池、锂空气电池等领域有着广阔的应用前景。主要从Li_7La_3Zr_2O_(12)的晶体结构、制备工艺和掺杂改性等方面详细阐述无机固态电解质Li_7La_3Zr_2O_(12)的研究进展。     

柠檬酸钠对球形NaGd(MoO4)2∶Eu3+纳米晶的溶剂热合成与发光性能影响

采用以乙醇为溶剂的溶剂热法,以三氧化二钆(Gd_2O_3)和钼酸钠(Na_2MoO_4)为原料,柠檬酸钠(Na_3Cit)为表面活性剂,在pH=5,180℃条件下合成出铕离子(Eu~(3+))掺杂的球形双金属钼酸盐纳米粉体[NaGd(MoO_4)_2∶Eu~(3+)],并对制备的产物的物相、形貌以及荧光性质进行表征,探讨了表面活性剂量对产物形貌及发光性能的影响。结果表明,在393nm激发条件下,不同形貌的NaGd(MoO_4)_2∶Eu~(3+)纳米晶在612nm处均有很强发射峰,在Na_3Cit∶Gd_2O_3体积配合比为1∶3,Na_3Cit添加量为1mL,Eu~(3+)用量为5%(wt,质量分数)条件下,合成的球形NaGd(MoO_4)_2∶Eu~(3+)纳米晶颗粒均匀,荧光性较好。由此,表面活性剂Na_3Cit的添加量对产物的形貌及发光性能起到重要作用。     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O