结合DM8168的实时运动目标检测系统设计

结合DM8168多核多通道的特点,设计了一个实时运动目标检测系统,能够实现视频数据的采集、实时运动检测、编解码以及传输等功能。采用Vi Be的目标检测算法,并利用中值滤波进行改进,解决了背景中容易出现Ghost区的问题,提高了运动目标识别能力。最后采用像素扫描标记法实现了目标跟踪。实验结果表明,所提出的方法能在达芬奇平台上实现实时鲁棒的运动目标检测和跟踪。     

基于交替方向低秩模型的运动目标检测算法

不同于传统运动目标检测算法,引入背景低秩和前景稀疏性,提出基于交替方向低秩模型的运动目标检测算法。首先在鲁棒主成分分析法建模的基础上添加背景噪声模型,在低秩背景模型中引入全变差范数并结合核范数进行约束。考虑视频矩阵前景图像的稀疏性,接着利用马尔可夫随机场和图建立前景模型。然后采用交替方向法实现函数的优化求解。最后对算法结构进行改进,实现视频运动目标的在线检测。通过对两种数据集进行实验结果分析,与其他算法对比,该算法在满足在线的基础上具有很好的检测效果,特别是在动态背景及复杂前景上具有很强的鲁棒性。     

字典学习联合粒子滤波鲁棒跟踪

针对运动目标鲁棒跟踪问题,提出一种基于离线字典学习的视频目标跟踪鲁棒算法。采用字典编码方式提取目标的局部区域描述符,随后通过训练分类器将跟踪问题转化为背景和前景分类问题,最终通过粒子滤波对物体位置进行估计实现跟踪。该算法能够有效解决由于光照变化、背景复杂、快速运动、遮挡产生的跟踪困难。经过不同图像序列的实验对比表明,与现有方法相比,本文算法的鲁棒性较高。     

基于嵌入式平台的结构光检测算法的实现与优化

以采煤工作面运输皮带上的结构光检测算法为例,介绍基于海思Hi3516A嵌入式平台的视频分析算法的实现与优化方案.实验结果表明,基于PC实现的结构光检测算法移植到海思平台上,经过有针对性地优化,检测一帧高清视频所需时间从1000多ms减少到少于500 ms,提高了1倍多,为实现嵌入式平台上利用结构光中心线形变特征进行物体特征识别提供了有力的前提条件.     

基于YOLOv3的嵌入式实时视频目标检测算法

深度神经网络在目标检测领域具有优异的检测性能,但其结构复杂、计算量大,难以在嵌入式设备上进行高性能的实时目标检测。针对该问题,提出一种基于YOLOv3的目标检测算法。采用半精度推理策略提高YOLO算法的推理速度,并通过视频运动自适应推理策略充分利用前后帧视频之间目标的关联性,降低深度学习算法的运行频率,进一步提高目标检测速度。在ILSVRC数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法可以在NVIDIA TX2嵌入式平台上实现28 frame/s的视频目标检测,且检测精度与原始的YOLOv3算法相当。     

鲁棒主成分分析的运动目标检测综述

目的 运动目标检测在许多计算机视觉任务中发挥了重要的作用。背景建模是运动目标检测中传统而又常用的方法。然而,许多背景建模方法是基于像素点的,对背景方面的考虑过于简单,难于处理真实视频。最近,将基于低秩和稀疏分解的鲁棒主成分分析应用于运动目标检测成为计算机视觉领域内的研究热点。为使更多国内外运动目标检测的研究者对鲁棒主成分分析方法进行探索和应用,本文对其进行系统综述。方法 融入最新研究进展,基于误差抑制、贝叶斯理论、时间和空间信息、多特征和多因素耦合,对各种国内外的鲁棒主成分分析模型进行归纳,并理论分析其优缺点。结果 本文采用变化检测数据集（change detection dataset）中不同场景的视频序列来对不同算法进行对比实验。从实验结果可知,属于第3类方法的DECOLOR 的检测效果优于其他算法,在均值对比中得到的召回率、精确率和F-measure分别为0.7、0.706和0.66。总体来说,当前改进算法都能有效地弥补最初鲁棒主成分分析方法的缺陷,提高了运动目标检测的精度。结论 鲁棒主成分分析在运动目标检测上取得了较多的研究与应用成果,在智能视频监控应用领域拥有广阔的应用前景。但是,其仍需针对鲁棒主成分分析存在的一些局限性进行深入的研究。融入前景运动目标在视频中的先验知识是基于鲁棒主成分分析的运动目标检测的发展趋势。     

视频对象自动分割算法

提出了一种基于小波变换和运动边缘检测的自动视频对象分割方法。该方法对相邻帧分别进行二维小波变换，在小波域进行变化检测和Canny边缘提取，返回空间域后得到鲁棒的相邻帧差分边缘模板。结合当前帧边缘、背景边缘和前一帧的运动边缘，检测出当前帧对象的运动边缘，从而实现对视频对象的提取。通过实验验证，该算法对目标的整体运动和局部形变都有较强的适应性。此外，算法还具有快速、简便、准确性高的特点。     

基于YoloV3的实时视频行人检测算法

本文提出一种基于YoloV3的视频检测算法,使用Mobile-Net的思想优化模型,并采用基于三帧差分法和粒子滤波的视频运动自适应推理算法,充分利用视频前后帧之间的目标关联性,将其部署在VisionSeed上。实验结果表明,在COCO数据集上实现了0.331 s的单帧检测速率,速度提升了31.9%,满足了嵌入式平台的运行要求。     

违章车辆快速检测方法研究——基于鲁棒颜色差分直方图

针对传统的智能交通系统中违章车辆检测方法实时性差、易受光照变化条件变化制约,影响后续辨别车辆违章和图像取证抓拍的问题,提出了一种基于颜色差分直方图和卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒、快速的违章车辆检测跟踪算法。该算法采用背景模糊匹配思想,选择初始背景图像;利用对环境变化鲁棒的颜色差分直方图算法检测运动目标;对运动目标团块的质心运动状态采用卡尔曼滤波进行跟踪预测,从而在预测的区域内检测同一目标团块;通过判断其质心运动轨迹,达到辨别违章车辆检测与抓拍的目的。通过对真实道路中不同天气条件下的场景进行检测,实验结果表明该算法能够快速而准确地检测违章车辆。     

基于RPCA与三帧差分融合的运动目标检测

为了实现在监控视频中对人体运动目标的准确提取,针对传统的三帧差分法在运动目标提取过程中容易出现“空洞”现象,提出了一种鲁棒主成分分析(Robust Principal Component Analysis,RPCA)与三帧差分相融合的运动目标检测算法。本算法通过将RPCA提取的视频当前帧的背景作为三帧差分法的中间帧与视频当前帧的前一帧和视频当前帧分别进行邻间差分,使得三帧差分法在运动目标检测过程中避免了背景像素点所带来的影响,消除了“空洞”现象。仿真结果表明该算法在完整性和准确性方面要优于其他三种传统运动目标检测算法,可以在复杂背景环境中实现准确的运动目标提取。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.