CaCO3掺杂对MnZn功率铁氧体微观结构和性能的影响

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了Zn16Mn0.73Fe2.11O4铁氧体材料,研究了CaCO3掺杂量对烧结试样微观组织和磁性能的影响.结果表明,适量的掺杂CaCO3能改善材料的微观结构,并且能明显提高材料的磁性能.当掺杂量为0.06wt％时,样品拥有最佳的磁性能,其中μi=-3110,25℃测试的Bs=535 mT,Br=69 mT,HC=11.5 A/m,100kHz、200 mT下测试的PCV～T曲线最低并且平缓,最低损耗PCV=297 kW·m-3.     

制备条件对NiZn铁氧体纳米晶材料磁性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备尖晶石结构的Ni1-xZnxFe2O4铁氧体纳米粉体材料,同时系统研究Ni/Zn比、溶液pH值以及煅烧温度对制备的Ni1-xZnxFe2O4铁氧体纳米材料微结构及磁性能影响。结果表明,随着Ni含量的增加,生成物中未反应的氧化铁不断增多。当x=0.3时,NiZn铁氧体的饱和磁化强度(Ms)最大。但随着温度的增加,氧化铁的含量减少,NiZn铁氧体的生成量增加。同时发现溶液pH值对Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4铁氧体微结构及性能影响较大,当溶液的pH=5时,Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4纳米材料的Ms最大。实验得到了NiZn铁氧体的最佳制备条件:Ni/Zn比为0.7/0.3,溶液pH值为5,最佳烧结温度为900℃。     

定向生长Ni50-xMn29+xGa21(x=0~4)合金的相变与磁感生应变

采用定向凝固方法制备Ni50-xMn29+xGa21(x=0~4)系列多晶合金,并研究合金组分对马氏体相变温度和磁性能的影响。结果表明,当x≤3时,合金的马氏体相变温度Ms随着x的增大而升高,而马氏体相变滞后ΔT随x的增大而减小;当x=3时,Ms升高到309.6 K,居里温度Tc为360 K;但是随着合金中Mn继续替代Ni,即x=4时,Ms降低到283.2 K,Tc为362 K。室温下测量Ni47Mn32Ga21样品的磁感生应变,无应力下其饱和磁感生应变值达到了–700×10-6,对应的磁场强度为4.5×105 A/m     

溶胶-凝胶法制备SmZn掺杂纳米钡铁氧体磁性能

以柠檬酸为络合剂,利用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备Sm及SmZn掺杂的M型纳米钡铁氧体(Ba1-xSmxFe12O19及Ba1-xSmxFe12-xZnxO19,x=0～0.6)粉末样品,进而利用X射线衍射仪对所制钡铁氧体样品的结构进行表征、分析。结果显示,钡铁氧体的物相组成与掺杂含量关系密切:当掺杂量x超过0.2时,在制备的样品中会出现α-Fe2O3及SmFeO3等杂相,对样品的磁性能产生不利的影响。由于受到超精细场、磁稀释及自旋倾斜的影响,掺杂Sm3+后,钡铁氧体的饱和磁化强度(Ms)先增大后减小,而矫顽力(Hc)则随着掺杂含量的增加而增大。掺杂Zn2+后,磁性能的研究结论显示Zn2+替代4f2晶位的Fe3+,使制备的钡铁氧体的Ms有所升高,而Hc下降。     

NiMnZn铁氧体的制备和磁电性能

用溶胶-凝胶制备了系列Ni0.4Mn0.3Zn0.3Fe204铁氧体微粉。借助于TG-DTA、XRD、TEM、VSM和PNA技术,对干凝胶的热分解过程、产物的物相、微观结构、磁性和介电常数进行研究。结果表明,反应温度为30℃,前驱体在1000℃烧结转变成尖晶石相,但仍然有Fe2O3相存在,无法获得纯的Ni0.4Mn0.3Zn0.3Fe204铁氧体微粉。另外,由于杂质粒子的存在和晶粒表面结构缺陷,粉体样品在室温出现交换偏置场。块状样品随着煅烧温度的提高,电阻率和介电常数减小     

Ni_（50）Mn_（25＋x）Ga_（25-x）Tb_（0.5）（x=0,1.5,3,4.5,6）合金马氏体相变与磁性能

研究了Ni50Mn25＋xGa25-xTb0.5（x=0,1.5,3,4.5,6）磁性记忆合金马氏体相变行为、饱和磁化强度和磁感生应变。结果表明,随着Mn含量的增加、Ga含量的降低,合金的马氏体相变温度从202 K升高到416 K,饱和磁化强度从700 mT降低到400 mT,最大磁感生应变达到1870ppm。     

纳米掺镝铁氧体颗粒的磁特性与温度的相关性

采用液相共沉淀法制备出平均粒径约17nm的掺镝铁氧体磁颗粒,在-60~85℃范围内,研究了样品的磁特性与温度的相关性。借助透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)对产物的形貌、相结构、磁性能进行了表征。结果表明,磁颗粒的形貌多为类球型,主流粒径在15~18nm,相结构为面心立方尖晶石型。样品的饱和磁化强度(Ms)、矫顽力(Hc)随温度(T)的降低呈现出增大的变化规律,且在85~20℃范围内,温度降低,Ms、Hc的增幅较小;在20~-60℃范围内,Ms、Hc随温度的降低而显著提高。     

Effects of La- and Pr-Substitution on the Structure and Superconductivity of Ba0.6K0.4BiO3

利用熔盐法制备了Ba0.6-yLayK0.4BiO3和Ba0.6-zPrzK0.4BiO3 2个系列的样品,其中La和Pr的掺杂量y和z分别为 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4。X射线粉末衍射结果显示,Pr掺杂使得BKBO晶体结构由最初的立方晶系转变成为正交晶系,但是La掺杂样品却没有发生此种晶体结构的变化。La掺杂样品Ba0.6-yLayK0.4BiO3的准晶格参数ap随掺杂量的增大而线性减小,其变化遵循ap = 4.28257–0.02469y (0.025 ≤ y ≤ 0.4)的规律。样品磁性测量结果表明,掺杂样品的超导转变温度Tc均随着掺杂量的增大而系统性地减小,并且当掺杂量达到0.2时,2个系统中的超导转变均消失。认为掺杂引起的晶体结构扭曲及铋化合价的不均衡导致了BKBO掺杂系统超导电性的变化。     

烧结温度对La0.9Sr0.1 MnO3/Fe2O3体系结构和磁性的影响

采用软化学方法制备了纳米材料La0.9Sr0.1MnO3和软磁材料γ-Fe2O3,并将两者按不同比例进行复合,而后在不同温度下对其进行烧结,分别用扫描电子显微镜和X射线技术观察了样品的形貌特征和相结构,并用振动样品磁强计对烧结后的样品磁性进行测量.结果表明,经高温烧结后的复合体系,组成物质间没有发生反应,仍以各自相独立存在;复合体系剩磁Br及饱和磁化强度随烧结温度的升高而增加.烧结温度对样品晶粒和尺寸的影响是导致矫顽力Hc的变化的直接原因.     

通过γ-辐照提高掺杂的反尖晶石磁特性

正N.Okasha等人通过共沉积法制造纳米晶反尖晶石,包括纯反尖晶石Fe_3O_4和有掺杂物的反尖晶石M_xFe_(3-x)O_4(M=Mn~(2+),Co~(2+)及Ni ~(2+),x=0.3),并对1.17 MeVγ-射线辐照前后的反尖晶石结构、形貌及磁性进行研究。XRD测定表明,γ-辐照明显地影响反尖晶石的结晶度,也改变了它们的单个晶胞体积和晶粒尺寸。辐照导致Mn掺杂反尖晶石的Fe~(3+)转变成Fe~(2+),使晶格参数增大。然而其他掺杂物(包括未掺杂)的     

Ti-Cr基合金的储氢性能及晶体结构

研究了Ti1＋xCr1.2Mn0.8（x=0．0,0．1,0．2,0．3）系和Ti1＋xCr1.2Mn0.8-6My（M=Fe,Ni,Cu,V,VFe;x=0．0,0．1;y=0．1,0．3）系AB2型合金的储氢性能和晶体结构．XRD结果表明,合金主相为C14（MgZn2）型Laves相,可以保证较高的吸、放氢量．通过A侧过化学计量以及B侧用Fe,Ni,Cu,V,VFe分别替代部分Mn,增加了点阵常数和晶胞体积,降低了P—C—T曲线的滞后．由相应数据寻找出适合于金属氢化物氢压缩机的高压端储氢合金．结果表明,合金TiCr1．2Mn0．5Fe0．3与Ti1.1Cr1.2Mn0.5Cu0.3具有良好的储氢性能和压缩特性,可以作为性能优良的高压端储氢合金．     

Co、Ni添加对FeBYNb块体非晶合金玻璃形成能力和磁性能的影响

采用铜模吸铸工艺成功制备了一系列的(Fe_(1-x-y)Co_yNi_x)_(68.4)B_(23)Y_(4.6)Nb_4块体非晶合金,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差热分析仪(DTA)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试块体非晶合金的结构、热稳定性和磁性能.探讨了不同Co、Ni含量对(Fe_(1-x-y)Co_yNi_x)_(68.4)B_(23)Y_(4.6)Nb>.4>系合金玻璃形成能力(GFA)及磁性能的影响.结果表明:合金(Fe_(0.5)Co_(0.5))_(68.4)B_(23)Y_(4.6)Nb_4、(Fe_xNi_(1-x)_(68.4)B_(23.6)Nb_4(x=0.05、0.1、0.15、0.2)、(Fe_(1-x-y)Co_yNi_x)_(68.4)B_(23)Y_(4.6)Nb_4(x=0.15、0.3、0.45,y=0.1、0.2)均可制得直径为3 mm的非晶棒.该系列合金均具有良好的软磁性能,但随着Co、Ni含最的增加,其饱和磁化强度均下降.     

Gd3Al2系合金磁热效应的比较

用真空高频磁悬浮炉制备了Gd3＋xAl2-x（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3）合金、Gd3-XZnxAl2（x=0、0.1、0.3、0.6）合金和Gd3-xMnxAl2（x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.6）合金。用直接测量法测量了在1.5 T磁场下这3组合金的磁热效应。结果表明,在1.5 T磁场下,Gd3＋xAl2-x合金中X=0.1时,其最大绝热温度变化ΔTad最高,为2.1 K;Gd3-xMnxAl2合金中Gd2.7Mn0.3Al2的居里温度Tc最高,达到290 K。     

La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx贮氢合金的相结构和电化学性能

研究了Mn替代Ni对La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx(x=0,0.3,0.6,0.9)贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。XRDRietveld全谱拟合分析表明:Mn替代改变了合金的物相组成和物相的丰度。LaNi3相消失,αLa2Ni7相丰度的变化表现为先增加(x=0,0.3)后减少(x=0.6,0.9),LaMgNi4相和La5Ni19相的丰度则随合金中Mn含量x的增加而增加。Mn替代Ni降低了合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能,La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.2Co1.5Mn0.3合金电极表现出最好的电化学循环稳定性,合金的高倍率放电性能随Mn含量的增加降低,这归因于交换电流密度(I0)和氢扩散系数(D)的降低。     

Ni52Mn21+xGa27-x(x=0-5)磁性形状记忆合金的相变

研究了非化学计量成分的多晶Ni52Mn21+xGa27-x(x=0-5)系列合金的热弹性马氏体相变和磁相变.合金的马氏体相变温度Ms随Mn含量的增加而升高,当x＞4时,Ms已经升高到室温以上,而马氏体相变滞后△T随z的增大而减小;合金的磁相变温度TC随z增加而升高,但变化范围不大,在z＞2后,Tc保持在348 K左右.实验获得了一种具有实用前景的合金成分--Ni52Mn25Ga23合金,其马氏体相变温度在室温以上,相变滞后仅为5 K.     

Effect of Axial Magnetic Field on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CrN Films Deposited by Arc Ion Plating

CrN films were deposited on the high-speed-steel substrates by arc ion plating. The effect of an axial magnetic field on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The chemical composition, microstructure, surface morphology, surface roughness, hardness and film/substrate adhesion of the film were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope(SEM), surface morphology analyzer, Vickers microhardness test and scratch test. The results showed that the magnetic field puts much effect on the microstructure,chemical composition, hardness and film/substrate adhesion of the Cr N films. The N content increases and Cr content decreases when the magnetic flux density increases from 0 to 30 m T. All of the Cr N films were found to be substoichiometric. With an increase in the magnetic flux density, the film structures change in such way: Cr_2N →Cr_(2-N)+CrN→CrN+Cr_2N→CrN.The SEM results showed that the number of macroparticles(MPs) on the film surface is significantly reduced when the magnetic flux density increases to 10 mT or higher. The surface roughness decreases with the magnetic field, which is attributed to the fewer MPs and sputtered craters on the film surface. The hardness value increases from 2074 HV_(0.025) at 0 mT(without magnetic field) and reaches a maximum value of 2509 HV_(0.025) at 10 m T.The further increase in the magnetic flux density leads to a decrease in the film hardness. The critical load of film/substrate adhesion shows a monotonous increase with the increase in magnetic flux density.     

Li1+x(Fey/2Niy/2Mn1-y)1-xO2正极材料的合成及电化学性能

采用低温共沉淀-水热-煅烧法合成了锂离子电池Fe-Ni-Mn体系正极材料Li1+x(Fey/2Niy/2Mn1-y)1-xO2,并用XRD、SEM、ICP光谱和电化学性能测试对材料进行了表征.XRD测试和ICP分析表明,Fe、Ni取代Li2MnO3中的部分Mn,形成很好的固溶结构yLiFe1/2Ni1/2O2-(1-y)Li2MnO3 (y=0.l,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5).SEM测试表明,取代量y不同,材料的表观形貌有所不同,y=0.4时材料的颗粒粒径均匀、较小,呈类球形结构.电化学性能测试表明,当y=0.4时,循环稳定性最好,充放电50次后放电比容量仍可维持在195.0 mAh/g,放电中值电压为3.5 V,y=0.4时样品在大倍率放电下的电化学性能表现良好.     

Cu添加对La0.7Ce0.3Fe11.54-xCuxMn0.16Si1.3合金及其氢化物磁性能的影响

La(Fe, Si)₁₃系合金是具有一级相变大磁热效应的磁制冷合金,被认为是极具应用前景的磁热效应材料之一。本文采用高频感应悬浮炉制备了添加不同Cu元素比例的La_0.7Ce_0.3Fe_11.54-xCu_xMn_0.16Si_1.3(x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15)合金。并利用粉末XRD衍射仪,扫描电镜(SEM)对合金的相组成、微观组织结构进行了研究,采用多功能振动样品磁强计VersaLab对合金的磁性能进行了分析。添加Cu元素后,合金的居里温度提高,但氢化后添加Cu的合金居里温度反而偏低。随着Cu元素提高磁热性能下降,但La_0.7Ce_0.3Fe_11.44Cu_0.1Mn_0.16Si_1.3H_1.68合金的最大等温磁熵变仍高达8.5 J/kg.K(0 ~ 2 T),相对制冷能力RCP提高(118 J/kg),磁滞明显降低。     

Effects of Mo substituted Nb on magnetic properties of Finemet alloy

Different Mo contents have been added into traditional Finemet alloy to form Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-x MoxSil3B9.5( x = 0 - 3) alloys. The change in DC and AC magnetic properties with Mo for Nb substimtlon was investigated. The results show that, with adding Mo, although the DC relative permeability decreases and the coercive force increases slightly,the saturation flux density Bs can be increased, and the core loss of the alloy can be decreased. The AC permeability of samples contained Mo is higher than that of alloy without Mo content. Fe73.sCu1Nb1Mo2Si13B9.5 alloy has the highest saturation flux density Bs. Fe73.sCu1Nb2Mo1Si13B9.5 alloy has the best frequency dependence on the AC permeability and core loss.     

β-phase transformation and thermoelectric power in FeSi2 and Fe2Si5 based alloys containing small amounts of Cu

The effects of Cu addition on the β phase formation rate and the thermoelectric power in various FeSi₂ and Fe₂Si₅ based alloys was examined. The peritectoid reaction (a+→β) in FeSi₂ alloys was initially enhanced by the addition of Cu but it became slower for longer annealing times. The retained metallic ε was harmful for the thermoelectric power. The inherent thermoelectric properties of (FeSi₂)_99−XMn₁Cu_X (X=0–1.O at.%), (FeSi₂)_99−X Co₁Cu_X (X=0–1.0 at.%) alloys were attained after the elimination of ε. In the case of eutectoid reaction (→β+Si). Differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and microscopic observation clearly confirmed that the eutectoid reaction rate was drastically enhanced by the addition of a small amount of Cu and its rate decreased with decreasing Cu content. The rate also depends on the annealing temperature and reached a maximum at about 1073 K for most alloys. The addition of only 0.1 at.% Cu was still very effective even in Mn or Co doped alloys. The thermoelectric power of these alloys increased very quickly with annealing time. Their final values decreased with Cu content and saturated at 0.2 at.% Cu. The value of the 0.1 at.% Cu added alloy was higher than that of both the conventional p- and a-type FeSi₂ based alloys. These results suggest that the Fe₂Si₅ alloys with a small amount of Cu may be attractive as new thermoelectric materials.