大型浮法玻璃窑用方石英型高纯硅砖的研制和应用

论述了方石英型高纯硅砖的生产工艺,选用高纯度的优质硅石为原料,采用混合硅石制砖工艺,研制以方石英为主晶相的高纯硅砖。该产品使用于大型浮法玻璃窑全保温碹顶和L型吊墙,可延长使用寿命,节约能源。     

热风炉用低蠕变硅砖的研制

为了满足热风炉生产的要求,通过选择硅石原料、确定试样配方和烧成制度研制了一种热风炉用低蠕变硅砖。结果表明,采用混合硅石配料制砖,以65%～75%(w)的硅石A颗粒和25%～30%(w)的硅石B细粉配料,在隧道窑中于1 450℃48 h烧成制备的硅砖,无裂纹,其w(鳞石英)=65%,w(残余石英)=0.66%,高温蠕变率(0.2 MPa,1 500℃,25 h)为-0.03%。     

干熄炉斜道“牛腿”耐材的改进

干熄炉斜道＂牛腿＂耐材材质为莫来石碳化硅砖,使用中均出现不同程度的损坏,用β-SiC砖替代莫来石碳化硅砖重新砌筑后,可延长干熄炉砌体的使用寿命。     

定形耐火材料的高温耐磨性研究

用高温耐磨试验装置研究了高铝砖、刚玉砖、氮化硅结合碳化硅砖和黏土结合碳化硅砖4种定形制品在高温下的耐磨性。结果表明:耐火制品的磨损量随温度的变化曲线可分为两种类型,非氧化物材料(氮化硅结合碳化硅砖)的磨损量-温度曲线接近水平直线,即在整个试验温度区域中(25~1 400℃)磨损量几乎没有变化;氧化物(或氧化物结合)耐火制品(高铝砖、刚玉砖和黏土结合碳化硅砖)在一定温度范围内磨损量变化不大,温度达到某值以上,磨损量大幅度降低,此温度对应为该种材料开始塑性变形温度。高铝砖、刚玉砖、黏土结合碳化硅砖磨损量开始明显下降的温度点分别为800、1 000和600℃。影响不同材质耐火砖的高温耐磨性的因素有物相组成、玻璃相性质以及工艺因素等。     

干熄焦装置应用β-碳化硅砖的节能效果

针对干熄焦装置斜道区莫来石一碳化硅砖使用寿命短的情况,研究开发了β-碳化硅砖,其使用寿命可达6年。经理论计算,应用β-碳化硅砖后的于熄焦节能效率提高约5．5％,1座140t／h的干熄焦装置6年累计增加节约标煤约1．53万t、节水约17．2万t、节约焦粉约30．64t、减排大气污染物约25．7t。     

高炉综合砌炉用新型复合耐火泥浆

北京钢铁研究总院研制开发了一种新型复合耐火泥浆,系多种耐火原料组合而成,具有良好的施工性能和高温性能,能将材质不同的耐火砖牢固地粘接在一起,如高铝砖与半石墨化碳化硅砖、铝炭砖与半石墨化碳化硅砖、铝炭砖与高铝砖、碳化硅砖与铝炭砖等。该复合泥浆的主要理化指标为：Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞６５％,耐火度＞１７３０℃,荷重软化温度＞１６３０℃,热膨胀系数（１０００℃）０．５７×１０－６℃－１,１８０℃、１４００℃粘接后的抗折强度分别大于９ＭＰａ、５ＭＰａ。高炉综合砌炉用新型复合耐火泥浆@王资江     

炼铁高炉用碳化硅风口组合大砖的制备与性能

以碳化硅颗粒(3～1、1～0.088 mm)与细粉(<0.088 mm)、硅粉(<0.088 mm)、工业炭黑(牌号N990)、二氧化硅微粉和ρ-Al₂O₃粉等为原料制备了炼铁高炉用碳化硅风口组合大砖，并与氮化硅结合碳化硅砖、自结合碳化硅砖、国外进口自结合碳化硅砖对比，分析与评估新型碳化硅风口组合大砖的使用性能。结果表明：1)0～100 mm区域主要由O’-SiAlON、β-SiAlON、α-Si₃N₄、Si₂N₂O等一种或多种氮化物与β-SiC复相结合而成，体积密度2.68～2.70 g·cm^-3,显气孔率14%～15%,组织结构均匀。2)0～100 mm区域β-SiC纳米晶须与氮化物有穿插生长现象；随着深度增加，絮状β-SiC纳米晶须增多，氮化物减少，深度150 mm后结合相主要为β-SiC和莫来石。3)与参比制品比较，新型碳化硅风口组合大砖具有良好的基础性能指标，熔碱侵蚀后质量变化率-0.1%,明显优于进口自结合碳化...     

高硅半硅砖的试制

１原料试验选用河北雷庄的结晶硅石,浙江的叶蜡石及工业氧化铝、废硅砖和结合粘土作原料,以铁鳞和Ａ做矿化剂。各种原料的化学组成见表１。表１原料的化学组成／％项目结晶硅石废硅砖叶蜡石结合粘土工业氧化铝ＳｉＯ２９８．２９９５．４７７５．９８－０．０８Ａｌ２Ｏ...     

焦炉用砖抗反复热震性的评价

为了延长焦炉的使用寿命，解决因反复加热冷却造成的焦炉衬砖的损毁，对焦炉用砖的反复加热冷却与损毁的关系进行了调查研究，对焦炉用硅砖、堇青石砖、高铝砖、熔融硅砖的抗热震性进行了比较评价，认为熔硅砖的抗热震性最好，堇青石砖的尺寸稳定性最好。     

焦炉炭化室硅砖样品的分析研究

在对使用了40多年的焦炉炭化室炉墙实施热修时拆下的一块硅砖样品进行了试验研究。研究表明:炭化室炉墙上的硅砖在使用40多年后,主体结构依然致密均匀,强度没有降低。硅砖在使用过程中,煤中的碳组分会渗入到砖的气孔中使砖成为所谓的"硅碳砖",碳的含量约为5%,这对硅砖和炼焦传热效率的提高都是有利的。煤中的灰分对砖的炭化面会造成熔蚀,但这种熔蚀非常缓慢,且渗透力差,不能成为硅砖损坏的原因。     

高炉用新型自结合碳化硅砖性能研究

借助XRD、SEM等技术,对新型自结合碳化硅砖的抗碱性、抗渣性和抗热震性等高炉耐火材料的关键使用性能进行了研究,并与Si3N4结合碳化硅高炉砖进行了对比。结果表明:这种新型自结合碳化硅砖热导率高,力学性能好,抗碱性、抗渣性和抗热震性优良,预计用作高炉内衬具有良好的应用前景。     

Slag Resistance of Refractories for Direct Reduction of Laterite Nickel Ores in Rotary Kilns

Aiming at prolonging the service life of refractories for direct reduction of laterite nickel ores in rotary kilns, the slag resistance of ten materials(corundum bricks, chrome corundum bricks, silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide bricks, high alumina silicon carbide bricks, high alumina bricks, magnesia chrome bricks, magnesium aluminate spinel bricks, spinel chrome corundum bricks, chrome corundum castables and magnesia alumina chrome composite spinel bricks) was evaluated by rotary slag tests, which simulate the service conditions in rotary kilns. The corroded residual bricks were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that the magnesia alumina chrome composite spinel brick possesses the advantages of magnesium aluminate spinel bricks and chrome corundum bricks; MgO-rich spinel can absorb the penetrated ferric oxide, and forms a dense zeylanite layer, which prevents the penetration of the molten laterite nickel ores; therefore, it is an ideal lining of rotary kilns for direct reduction of laterite nickel ores.     

Comparative assessment of Australian fly ash and conventional concrete bricks

A comparative study of the chemical composition, mineralogy, morphology and crushing strengths of fly ash bricks, conventional concrete bricks and fly ash samples has been undertaken. The main chemicals present in the products were silica and alumina while their main minerals were quartz, mullite, illite, vaterite, and calcite. Elemental analysis by XPS showed that the major elements in the samples were oxygen, silicon, carbon, calcium and aluminium; and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the fly ash samples consist of spherically‐shaped particles with surface attachment containing needle‐like particles. Compared with conventional concrete bricks, fly ash bricks generally have higher atomic silicon and crushing strengths but lower crystalline silica. The implication of the results on the suitability of fly ash bricks as replacements for conventional concrete bricks in the building industry is discussed from the point of view of human health and occupational safety. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Refractory products and ramming bodies for high pressure burners of steam boilers

Conclusions Silicon carbide rammed bodies are suitable for lining the combustion zones of high-pressure cyclone burners of steam boilers. The life of the silicon carbide body depends on the heat resistance of the supporting joints (the hooks).The life of such a body in cyclone burners is 4–5 times longer than chromite rammed bodies PKhM-6.The life of silicon carbide bricks used to line the cyclone burner with booster heat escape increased more than five times.     

高炉中部内衬耐火材料的选择

在实验室条件下进行了粘土砖、高铝砖、氮化硅结合及赛隆结合的碳化硅砖抗初渣又碱金属侵蚀的试验研究。结果表明：赛隆结合的碳化硅砖具有优良的抗侵蚀能力，推荐用作高炉中部内衬材料。     

Silicon carbide refractories in the lining of the cooler drum

Conclusions Tests were carried out at the Magnezit Combine with silicon carbide refractories in the lining sections subjected to maximum wear in the 36-m-long drum for the cooling of fired magnesite powder. The durability of the experimental bricks was 3–4 times greater than that of chamotte bricks.It was established that silicon carbide scrap and spoilage material are suitable for the production of high-durability refractories for service in a lining subjected to severe abrasion.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 28–30, May, 1978.     

赛隆结合耐火材料显微结构分析与生产途径探讨

分析了几种赛隆结合碳化硅砖、刚玉砖的显微结构,从显微结构及赛隆相的形成上探讨了适宜的赛隆结合耐火材料工业化生产的途径。     

多孔碳化硅表面改性及其生物相容性的研究

采用浸渍提拉的方法将聚乙烯醇、硅溶胶、海藻酸钙等涂敷于多孔碳化硅板上对其进行改性,并通过SEM观察改性后多孔碳化硅的生物相容性,并对其处理COD的能力进行测定。实验表明：聚乙烯醇和硅溶胶可以对多孔碳化硅进行改性,改性后多孔碳化硅板的生物相容性提高,微生物负载量增大,处理COD的能力明显提高。反应5d后,PVA改性的多孔碳化硅板COD去除率由改性前的15％提高到80％;硅溶胶改性的多孔碳化硅板COD去除率由改性前的15％提高到78％。     

多孔碳化硅表面改性及其生物相容性的研究

采用浸渍提拉的方法将聚乙烯醇、硅溶胶、海藻酸钙等涂敷于多孔碳化硅板上对其进行改性,并通过SEM观察改性后多孔碳化硅的生物相容性,并对其处理COD的能力进行测定。实验表明:聚乙烯醇和硅溶胶可以对多孔碳化硅进行改性,改性后多孔碳化硅板的生物相容性提高,微生物负载量增大,处理COD的能力明显提高。反应5d后,PVA改性的多孔碳化硅板COD去除率由改性前的15%提高到80%;硅溶胶改性的多孔碳化硅板COD去除率由改性前的15%提高到78%。