共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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以吸水倍率为指标,研究了水体矿化度、酸碱度、温度对具有互穿网络结构的复合吸水材料吸水膨胀的影响.结果表明:在研究范围内,水中矿化度越高,外界电解质溶液中可动离子的浓度增加,材料内部与水体中离子浓度差降低,作为吸水膨胀动力的渗透压减弱,吸水倍率下降.水体pH值小于12.4时,pH值增加,促进吸水膨胀;超过12.4后抑制吸... 相似文献
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以天然胶乳为原料,丙烯酰胺为吸水单体,通过接枝共聚反应制得吸水膨胀天然橡胶(WSNR)。分别以甲醛为单体交联剂,硫磺为天然橡胶交联剂,经过接枝共聚反应制备单体交联型吸水膨胀天然橡胶(WSNR-c)和橡胶硫化交联型吸水膨胀天然橡胶(WSNR-v)。研究了不同交联方式对吸水膨胀橡胶吸水倍率、重复吸水能力和弹性模量的影响,并对吸水膨胀天然橡胶中水的状态、热失重过程和微观形貌进行分析。结果表明:吸水膨胀天然橡胶的吸水倍率、重复吸水恢复率和储能模量随着吸水单体和天然橡胶交联程度的提高而降低;交联处理使吸水膨胀天然橡胶吸束缚水的能力减弱,失水稳定性降低;吸水膨胀天然橡胶经交联处理后体系网络结构致密,孔洞减少。 相似文献
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以丁腈橡胶为基体,加入丙烯酸锂(LiAA)和过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)通过原位聚合制得吸水膨胀橡胶,研究了其力学性能和吸水性能。结果表明:LiAA在DCP引发作用下在NBR橡胶中发生原位聚合。随着三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)用量的增加,WSR的拉伸强度和吸水膨胀倍率先增加后降低。在盐溶液中WSR的吸水能力有明显的降低,其中二价钙离子影响最为明显。WSR的吸水能力随着溶液pH的增加,先上升后降低,在pH为8时,吸水平衡倍率最大。加入白炭黑能够显著提高WSR的力学性能,而加入PEG则提高WSR的吸水速率。 相似文献
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评述了纳米吸波材料的特性及吸波原理,介绍了纳米铁氧体吸波材料、纳米金属吸波材料、纳米陶瓷吸波材料、纳米导电高分子吸波复合材料、碳纳米管吸波材料、纳米复合吸波材料研究现状及发展情况,指出了纳米复合吸波材料是未来纳米吸波材料的研究重点。 相似文献
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A kind of novel superabsorbent hydrogel with high swelling ratio property that could be used for the development of water absorbing resin, soil water retention agent, and chemical sand‐fixing material was synthesized in this study. The hydrogels were prepared by the crosslinking reaction of polysuccinimide (PSI). The relationships between swelling ratio and volume of solvent as well as the concentration of crosslinking agent were investigated in detail. Several composites, such as starch, carrageenan, and polyacrylamide, were added into hydrogels to enhance the swelling ratio. It was found that the swelling ratio was significantly increased, which the maximum water absorbency was enhanced 2.46 times when the composite polyacrylamide (PAM) was added compared to the control. The effects of ionic strength and sensitivity of pH on hydrogels were also studied. The modified hydrogels products with swelling ratio less sensitivity to the salinity as well as relative high swelling ration in salinity system were also obtained by adding PAM. Through the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterizations, the crosslinking reaction mechanism and the structure of composite were proposed. In addition, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations showed that some composite materials elevated the physical crosslinked and connected channels density substantially. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 550–557, 2006 相似文献
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吸声材料的研究与应用 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
利用吸声材料来吸声降噪是治理噪声污染的重要途径之一.阐述了共振吸声材料与多孔吸声材料吸声降噪的机理,较为详细的介绍了各种吸声材料的分类、研究与应用及性能评价,对吸声材料未来研究发展趋势加以展望. 相似文献
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淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚吸水性树脂的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
基于淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚作为吸水性树脂具有环保和可生物降解的优良特性 ,目前 ,人们普遍关注的是如何提高其吸水性 ,抗温性 ,控制水份释放 ,压力下保水 ,以及电解液的吸收等。这些特性的改进将使产品的用途更为广泛 ,可以预见 ,淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚作为吸水性树脂具有广阔的应用和发展前景。 相似文献
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A novel speedy and super‐water‐absorbing non‐woven cloth with hierarchical three‐dimensional network (3D‐SS‐PET) was fabricated through the induction of UV copolymerization on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers followed by a volume phase transition. The macroscopic three‐dimensional network implied that the PET non‐woven substrates are complicated three‐dimensional fibrous materials including oriented fibers in preferential or random directions. The microscopic three‐dimensional network is poly(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) (poly(AA‐co‐AM)) crosslinked copolymer layers on the fiber surface. The rapid volume phase transition was achieved by immersing the swelled non‐woven poly(AA‐co‐AM) modified PET (PET‐g‐AA‐co‐AM) in ethanol. The above process was an essential step to prepare the copolymer chain; after that the fiber surface was extended to form abundant capillary channels and plenty of space between fibers. The water contact angle decreased remarkably from 130° to 0°, while the absorbing capacity of the saturated water and the average water‐absorbing rate experienced an increasing trend, rising from 300 to 324.6 g g?1 in 24 h and 18.6 and 222 g (g min)?1 in 40 s, respectively. It was concluded that surface hydrophilicity and capillaries of the hydrophilic modified macroscopic fibrous structure enhanced the water‐absorbing rate and the swelling process contributed to the higher water absorption capacity. This speedy and super‐water‐absorbing material exhibits great potentiality in diapers, sanitary napkins, wound dressings, surgical pads, and hygroscopic and sweat‐free underwear in extremely cold areas. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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结构型吸波复合材料具有吸波性能好、质量轻、可承载等优点,已成为当代吸波材料的主要发展方向,对隐身材料的设计和制造有着重要意义。本文从纤维增强体的截面形状和制备工艺、纤维的铺排结构和夹层复合结构、吸波剂改性等影响吸波复合材料吸波性能的主要因素出发,系统地总结了结构型吸波复合材料的最新研究热点和成果,并指出吸波复合材料的未来发展方向。 相似文献