电Fenton法处理染料废水的研究

采用电Fenton法预处理染料废水,对影响COD及色度去除率的各种因素,包括内电解反应的初始pH值、铁的投加量、铁炭投加比,Fenton试剂氧化处理过程中初始pH值、H2O2的投加量及投加方式、反应时间等进行了研究。结果表明,内电解反应的最佳条件为：pH值为3．0,铁的投加量为25g/L,Fe／C为1：1．3;Fenton试剂氧化处理染料废水的最佳条件为：H2O2投加量为30mmol／L,pH值为内电解出水pH值（4．0左右）,反应时间为50min。COD去除率可达58％,色度去除率可达95％以上,B／C的值也由原来的0．08提高到0．36左右。     

Fenton试剂-活性炭吸附处理焦化废水的研究

对Fenton试剂-活性炭吸附联用技术处理焦化废水进行了研究。首先考察了pH值、H2O2投加量、[Fe^2＋]／[H2O2]等因素对Fenton试剂氧化处理效果的影响以及Fenton试剂氧化阶段H2O2投加量对活性炭吸附效果的影响;然后考察活性炭投加量、吸附时间、pH值等因素对活性炭吸附阶段处理效果的影响。结果表明,Fenton试剂-活性炭吸附工艺处理焦化废水的最佳操作条件为：Fenton试剂氧化阶段H2O2投加量为55mmol／L,[Fe^2＋]／[H2O2]=1：10,初始pH=3;活性炭吸附阶段活性炭投加量为2．5g／L,pH=3,吸附时间30min。在此操作条件下,焦化废水COD去除率达97．5％。     

Fenton氧化法深度处理乙二醇生产工业废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂对工业废水进行深度处理,研究了FeSO4浓度、H2O2投加量、pH值及反应时间对废水处理效果的影响,确定了Fenton试剂氧化法处理萃取后工业废水的最佳条件：FeSO2·7H2O的浓度为0．66mol／L,H2O2的浓度为13．20mol／L,pH值为3,反应时间为40min。Fenton氧化后废水CODc,的去除率达97．27％。     

Fenton氧化技术处理含甲醛废水的实验研究

采用Fenton试剂对甲醛废水进行氧化处理,考察了H2O2浓度、Fe2＋浓度、pH值、反应时间等因素对处理效果的影响。在H202投加量为4．5ml／L,n（H202）：n（Fe2＋）=4,pH值为3,反应30rain后,静置5min的条件下,废水中甲醛去除率和COD去除率分别达到89％、82％。结果表明,Fenton试剂对甲醛废水可以取到很好的处理效果。     

UV／Fenton处理苯酚废水的研究

采用UV／Fenton联合体系降解苯酚模拟废水,苯酚的初始质量浓度为300mg／L,COD。的初始质量浓度为760mg／L。探讨了pH值、H202（30％）和FeSO4·7H2O投加量、反应时间等因素对苯酚和CODcr去除率的影响。结果表明,UV／Fenton联合体系降解苯酚废水的最佳工艺条件是：溶液pH值为3、H2O2投加量为2．5mL／L、FeS04·7H20投加量为0．020g／L、反应时间为90min。此时,苯酚的去除率为95％,CODcr的去除率为90％。UV／Fenton联合体系能较好地处理苯酚废水。     

Fenton法深度处理干法腈纶废水

采用Fenton法深度处理干法腈纶废水,试验中考察了Fe2＋投加量、H2O2投加量、pH、反应时间等l习素对CODcr处理效果的影响,确定了反应过程中的最佳工艺参数,并分析了该法处理废水的作用机理。试验结果表明：影响Fenton氧化的因素从大到小依次为H2O2投加量、初始pH值、反应时间、Fe2＋投加量。最佳试验条件为：e（Fe2＋）为18．0mmol／L,dH2O2）为49．0mmol／L,pH为3．0,反应时间为30min。在此条件下出水COD。可降至47．4mg／L,去除率可达到80．3％。显示该方法对于干法腈纶废水的处理具有巨大的前景和潜力。     

Fenton试剂处理含乌洛托品废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂氧化处理含乌洛托品废水,探讨了Fenton试剂氧化乌洛托品废水的影响因素与反应条件。实验表明,当H2O2投加量为126 mmol/L,FeSO4.7H2O投加量为42 mmol/L,氧化反应时间2 h,废水的pH=3的实验条件下,模拟废水CODCr去除率接近70%,有效降低了后续生化处理的负荷。     

活性炭协同Fenton氧化处理兰炭废水生化出水的研究

采用活性炭协同Fenton氧化的方法深度处理兰炭废水生化出水,讨论了pH、H2O2投加量、硫酸亚铁投加量、反应时间,活性炭投加量对COD去除率的影响。结果表明：pH为4,H2O2（30％）投加量为2．4mL／L,FeSO4-7H2O投加量为200mg几,反应时间为30min,活性炭投加景为3g／L时,COD去除率最高,达到国家一级排放要求。     

Fenton—PAM联合处理焦化废水

首先用活化粉煤灰预处理焦化废水,COD去除率最大可达17％。然后利用Fenton试剂和PAM联合作用对焦化废水深度处理,单因素实验和正交试验结果表明,当pH=5,H2O2投加量为3mL／L,FeSO4·7H2O的投加量为6g／L,PAM的投加量为0．5g／L,反应时间为2h,处理效果最佳,COD和色度的去除率分别可达去90．8％和91．25％。各因素对COD去除率影响的强弱顺序为：PAM投加量〉pH值〉H2O2投加量〉FeSO4·7H2O投加量。     

Fenton试剂-MBR工艺处理环氧增塑剂化工废水的研究

针对含有H2O2的环氧增塑剂化工废水,采用Fenton-膜生物反应器（MBR）工艺进行处理。研究了不同的Fe2＋的投加量和反应时间对Fenton试剂处理废水的影响,讨论了不同水力停留时间（HRT）和进水COD浓度对MBR处理废水效率的影响。由结果可得,当Fenton试剂中Fe2＋投加量1.1 g/L、反应时间3 h、MBR的HRT 30 h和MLSS 7000～8000 mg/L时为最佳操作条件。处理出水CODCr为150～250 mg/L,总COD去除率为94%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。