含硼水基润滑剂的制备及其性能研究

利用油酸、月桂酸、硼酸和醇胺合成出一种新型水基润滑剂,利用四球试验机考察了其摩擦学性能,并初步探讨了润滑剂的润滑机制。试验结果表明:由油酸、月桂酸复配后制备的油酸月桂酸醇胺酯的润滑性能优于油酸醇胺酯或月桂酸醇胺酯;硼酸可以显著提高它们的润滑性能,且当油酸、月桂酸、醇胺、硼酸的质量比为0.7∶0.1∶1∶0.6时,合成的水基润滑剂的润滑性能最佳。     

高分子添加剂的润滑性能实验研究

以机械油为基础油,采用摩擦磨损试验机,对多种高分子添加剂对润滑油润滑性能的作用进行实验研究。结果表明,少量的高分子添加剂对增加润滑油的黏度作用不明显,而润滑油的承载能力及抗磨性能有一定的提高;高分子添加剂分子量越大其摩擦因数降低相对明显,且在低速条件下比高速条件效果明显。     

某高速机主轴承润滑性能分析

本文以某高速船用柴油机为对象,基于多体动力学软件EXCITE,建立了柴油机主轴承的弹性液体动力学(EHD)分析模型。重点研究了在不同主轴承间隙宽度时,主轴承的最小液膜厚度、液膜压力、摩擦功耗及滑油流量等特征设计参数的变化情况,为主轴承的结构优化设计和提高主轴承的可靠性提供了技术支持。     

液体空间润滑剂的现状与发展

空间润滑剂对于宇航飞行器的安全性,可靠性至关重要。综述了液体空间润滑剂的现状及发展,介绍了几种新型液体空间润滑剂的性能、合成方法。     

生物柴油调合燃料润滑性能的研究

对不同来源的生物柴油、车用柴油及其生物柴油调合燃料的润滑性能及影响因素采用高频往复试验机法(HFRR)进行研究,认为不同原料的生物柴油其调合柴油燃料的润滑性能存在差异;生物柴油的精制深度会减弱调合柴油燃料的润滑性能;生物柴油体积分数大于20%的调合燃料其润滑性基本与纯生物柴油达到一致;生物柴油体积分数为5%的调合燃料中超标的水含量会降低其润滑性能,但幅度不大,其润滑性主要由5%的生物柴油决定,抗氧、防锈剂、流动改进剂不影响润滑性能;与车用柴油不同,生物柴油调合燃料的运动黏度与磨斑直径没有很好的对应关系。     

改善汽车发动机水封润滑性能的研究

从解决汽车发动机水封异响入手,分析了异响产生的原因,并通过密封理论和试验验证利用激光加工表面技术改善汽车发动机水封的润滑性能。     

滚子副温度对润滑性能的影响

针对工作环境、温度变化较大的机械装备中滚子副温度与供油温度的差异,提出处理滚子副温度与供油温度不同时热弹流润滑问题的方法.压力的求解采用多重网格法,膜厚的求解采用多重网格积分法,温度的求解采用逐列扫描技术,给出有限长线接触热弹流润滑问题的完全数值解.研究滚子副温度与供油温度相同和不同时滚子副的润滑特性,讨论滚子副温度、滑滚比和速度参数对齿轮、滚动轴承等机械零件润滑性能的影响.结合滚子副温度高于或低于供油温度的实例,与常规润滑(滚子副温度与供油温度相同)结果进行比较.结果表明,润滑膜厚度取决于滚子副温度而非供油温度.滑滚比对油膜压力与厚度影响不大,但对油膜温度影响显著.与低速相比,高速条件下滚子副温度对中心油膜温度的影响较弱,而对油膜厚度的影响较大.     

冷轧乳化液颗粒度与润滑性能的关系

选用合适的基础油与油性剂、抗氧剂、极压抗磨剂和防锈剂等功能添加剂,利用亲油亲水平衡体系调节乳化油的乳化状态制备不同颗粒度分布的冷轧乳化液; 通过MS-10A杠杆式摩擦试验机考察颗粒度与乳化液极压、抗磨性能的关系; 借助实验用四辊可逆冷轧机组,对比分析不同颗粒度分布的乳化液润滑下轧后的板面质量。实验结果表明,乳化液的颗粒度分布与其稳定性和润滑性能存在一定的对应关系;在一定体积平均粒径范围内,随着颗粒度的增大有利于提高乳化液的抗磨减摩性能,改善冷轧成品板面质量。     

固体颗粒对低黏度介质润滑特性的影响

基于水-固两相单流体模型,研究润滑过程中的固体颗粒对低黏度润滑介质的影响。以无限宽楔形滑块为计算模型,推导出特定假设条件下考虑惯性力和界面滑移的低黏度介质润滑的雷诺方程,并通过不同条件下雷诺方程的求解,探讨固体颗粒含量对低黏度介质润滑特性的影响。结果表明:在对低黏度介质润滑特性进行研究时,需考虑其惯性力和界面滑移影响;固体颗粒的存在一定程度上增大润滑膜的压力和承载能力,颗粒含量越大,承载能力越大,但颗粒含量对润滑膜整体的压力分布状态几乎不会产生影响;惯性力增大固体颗粒对润滑介质的影响程度,而界面滑移减小固体颗粒对润滑介质承载能力的影响,发生滑移时,颗粒基本不影响润滑膜的承载能力。     

Ionic Liquid Lubricants: Basics and Applications

Interest in the tribological performance of ionic liquids (ILs) has increased significantly since they were first introduced as lubricants in 2001. The primary advantages of ILs over conventional lubricants lie in their better ability to form tribofilms, higher thermal stability, environmental friendliness, and adaptability to various applications. A remarkable reduction in friction and wear has been observed after the addition of ILs in oil- or water-based media and in grease, suggesting that ILs are promising candidate materials as neat lubricants as well as lubricant additives. Despite the relatively common utilization of ILs as lubricating media, their wider use is limited by their high cost and corrosive properties. This article provides a brief introduction to relevant IL structures and properties, focusing on recent applications of the materials in engineering tribology.     

空间润滑剂和液体润滑系统的研究进展

空间环境中高真空、大温差、微重力和强辐射等恶劣条件对润滑剂和润滑系统提出了特殊的要求,挥发和爬移损失使得长寿命液体润滑系统的结构更加复杂,如何实现空间高效润滑是现阶段各国空间摩擦学研究的热点问题之一。从润滑剂、润滑方式和液体润滑系统3个方面对空间摩擦学的主要研究内容和研究成果进行综述;指出固体润滑、脂润滑和液体润滑是现阶段空间机械设备的主要润滑方式,应根据部件的工作特点和寿命选用不同的润滑方式;正在研究和试验的混合润滑是一种理想的空间润滑方式,提出未来深空探测机器设备润滑系统的研究重点和发展方向。     

A New Synthetic Hydrocarbon Liquid Lubricant for Space Applications

Synthetic hydrocarbon liquid lubricants (based on polyalphaolefins) have been developed for use in space applications. These materials have been fully characterized and their physical properties reported which include: kinematic and absolute viscosity, viscosity index, vapor pressure, evaporation, specific gravity, pour point, coefficient of thermal expansion, refractive index, and flow activation energy. In addition, tribological properties under ultrahigh vacuum conditions have been determined. These include: lubricated lifetimes using a spiral orbit tribometer (SOT) and vacuum four-ball wear rates. These values are compared to existing state-of-the-art space lubricants.     

Computational Chemistry of Soluble Additives for Perfluoropolyalkylether Liquid Lubricants

Computational chemistry has been applied in a practical manner to a perfluoropolyalkylether (PFPAE) liquid lubricant research and development program. Additives have been previously shown to be effective in a PFPAE liquid lubricant candidate gas turbine engine oil base fluid as oxidation inhibitors/metal deactivators, lubricity additives and antirust additives. In this effort, low energy configuration computer models of the base fluid and of selected additives were created. Simulated docking of the additive molecules in the base fluid media, onto low carbon steel and onto iron oxide substrates, provided information on the strength of the substrate/additive interactions. Also, the visual representation of each additive molecule's alignment on the metallic surface has provided insight into selection of the optimnum functionality in designing new additives. Data on the additive/metal attraction and corresponding additive effectiveness are presented.     

聚合物转移膜的空间润滑应用

介绍了所研制的空间应用聚合物及其改性复合材料,研究了聚合物转移膜的润滑及磨损机理,讨论了工况环境因素对聚合物转移膜的影响。应用证明,聚合物转移膜可有效提高轴承使用寿命和动态性能。     

Lubricating Materials for Mechanisms Operating in Space

A comparative analysis of the main types of greases and base oils for their manufacture that are used for lubricating mechanisms operating in space is performed. Their differences in terms of chemical composition, volatility, and operating temperature range are analyzed. The research results on the tribological properties of lubricating greases and on the effect of the base oil and additive types on their life are presented. The main techniques for testing the volatility, the lubricating ability, and the life of greases are reviewed.     

润滑添加剂性能的电负性判据

本文运用电负性的判据，计算不同润滑添加剂分子基团电负性的大小，分析了不同结构的极性基与非极性基对添加剂吸附性能的影响。