基于本体的构件化软件演化信息获取及度量研究

软件演化信息是一种重要的、能反映软件变化历史的信息.然而,传统的软件演化信息以文件或者项目作为跟踪软件变化的基本单元,不能有效地支持构件化软件演化信息的存储和检索.提出了采用本体概念表示构件化软件演化信息的策略,并利用Jena推理机实现构件化软件演化信息的荻取.该方法不仅能检索构件化软件的基本演化信息,而且可以通过定义规则的方式检索出蕴含的演化信息.同时,文中也提出了一种构件化软件演化度量的模型,该模型通过对演化属性的计算分析来预测构件化软件的演化趋势.     

Component-based development of Web-enabled eHome services

In this paper we will take a look at the inside of connected homes, which build up complex IT systems. The building blocks of such systems are electronic devices, networks, and services, which empower the user to interact with his environment. Web-enabled eHome services offer functionality to the user by abstracting from devices and realize connectivity in three dimensions: (1) inner connectivity, (2) outer connectivity, and (3) integrative connectivity. Generations of Web-enabled eHome services have been developed based on proprietary hard- and software. Today, an extensible and modular platform is required for forward-looking design and implementation of such services. We describe a new view on component-based development of Web-enabled eHome services. While there is an adequate framework (open service gateway initiative) for the development of state-of-the-art Web-enabled eHome services, there is no knowledge about the system and service structure and its architecture in detail. We propose an 3-layer system structure (called PowerArchitecture), which incorporates several established design ideas and show how this cookbook makes system architects and developers life easier.     

基于CBD的软件测试策略研究

基于构件开发(CBD)的软件系统被广泛应用并成为一种主流软件形态.然而,构件软件系统的异质性和实现透明性等特点给测试带来了极大的挑战.寻求高效的构件软件测试技术和开发实用的测试工具是当今软件业界亟待解决的一个课题.本文分析构件软件测试存在的主要问题,提出一个基于CBD的软件测试策略STSofCBS,建立系统化的测试策略,避免测试的偶然性带来的时间和工作量的浪费.     

基于多维属性的构件化软件演化相似性度量方法研究

对不同软件进行演化相似性度量和比较能帮助软件维护人员理解软件演化及预测其演化趋势。然而,传统的研究大多度量单一软件演化属性的变化,虽然有些也涉及到多维演化属性,但并没有与软件的演化相似性相联系;同时亦缺乏在较高抽象层次度量软件演化相似性的有效途径。为此,以构件为基本单位,提出了一种基于多维演化属性的构件化软件演化相似性度量模型。即通过在原子构件层和系统(复合构件)层定义演化属性,进而度量原子构件之间以及系统(复合构件)之间的演化相似性。初步的实验表明,在原型工具的支持下该方法能辅助软件维护人员进行软件演化相似性的判断。     

构造基于构件依赖关系矩阵的元数据模型

构件集成到应用环境中实施集成测试时,会与其它构件产生相应的依赖关系.本文在对这些依赖关系进行概述的基础上,给出了构件直接依赖图、构件间接依赖图和构件依赖图的定义,并依据这些定义,提出了构件依赖矩阵(CmDM)的概念,用以描述构件Cm与构件系统中其它构件之间的依赖关系,接着进一步定义了复杂依赖关系矩阵(CmDDM),用以对依赖关系矩阵(CmDM)进行更为详细的描述.对依赖矩阵方法在回归测试、构件变更处理和软件重用的应用方法进行了形式化的描述,进一步将基于依赖关系矩阵的方法应用于学校内部开发的构件RegisterStuGrade 中,并另外选取了三个与之有关的构件,对其依赖关系进行分析,建立相应的构件依赖关系矩阵和复杂依赖关系矩阵,并与Orso方法、Spec方法(基于规范说明的方法)所生成的测试用例对于构件RegisterStuGrade源代码的覆盖情况进行了对比,从而证明了本方法的有效性.     

基于构件的敏捷软件开发方法

软件在规模、复杂度、功能上的极大扩展和提高,以及在需求和技术上不断变化的过程中实现快速软件开发的要求,使得众多现有的软件开发方法不能很好地满足实际的开发需要,该文有效地结合了基于构件的软件开发和敏捷开发方法,提出了软件开发的一种新方法一基于构件的敏捷软件开发方法,并成功地进行了实践。     

Configuration management for Lyee software

This article presents a configuration management concept for software projects using Lyee methodology. To illustrate this concept, an introduction in configuration management is given. Then, the structure of Lyee programs is defined by sets and their dependencies. From this structure, the actual configuration management concept is deduced and discussed by rendering the structure for an existing configuration management testbed and describing the involved key players as well as the necessary procedures.     

An empirical study of fine-grained software modifications

Software is typically improved and modified in small increments (we refer to each of these increments as a modification record—MR). MRs are usually stored in a configuration management or version control system and can be retrieved for analysis. In this study we retrieved the MRs from several mature open software projects. We then concentrated our analysis on those MRs that fix defects and provided heuristics to automatically classify them. We used the information in the MRs to visualize what files are changed at the same time, and who are the people who tend to modify certain files. We argue that these visualizations can be used to understand the development stage of in which a project is at a given time (new features are added, or defects are being fixed), the level of modularization of a project, and how developers might interact between each other and the source code of a system.     

Software release management for component‐based software

Software release management is the process through which software is made available to and obtained by its users. Until now, this process has been relatively straightforward. However, the emergence of component‐based software is complicating software release management. Increasingly, software is constructed via the assembly of pre‐existing, independently produced, and independently released components. Both developers and users of such software are affected by these complications. Developers need to accurately document the complex and changing dependencies among the components constituting the software. Users must be involved in locating, retrieving, and assembling components in order to appropriately bring the software into their particular environment. In this paper, we introduce the problem of release management for component‐based software and discuss SRM, a prototype software release management tool we have developed that supports both developers and users in the software release management process. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An empirical study of variations in COTS-based software development processes in the Norwegian IT industry

More and more software projects use Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components. Although previous studies have proposed specific COTS-based development processes, there are few empirical studies that investigate how to use and customize COTS-based development processes for different project contexts. This paper describes an exploratory study of state-of-the-practice of COTS-based development processes. Sixteen software projects in the Norwegian IT companies have been studied by structured interviews. The results are that COTS-specific activities can be successfully incorporated in most traditional development processes (such as waterfall or prototyping), given proper guidelines to reduce risks and provide specific assistance. We have identified four COTS-specific activities—the build vs. buy decision, COTS component selection, learning and understanding COTS components, and COTS component integration – and one new role, that of a knowledge keeper. We have also found a special COTS component selection activity for unfamiliar components, combining Internet searches with hands-on trials. The process guidelines are expressed as scenarios, problems encountered, and examples of good practice. They can be used to customize the actual development processes, such as in which lifecycle phase to put the new activities into. Such customization crucially depends on the project context, such as previous familiarity with possible COTS components and flexibility of requirements.

A Component-Based Software Configuration Management Model and Its Supporting System

Software configuration management(SCM)is an important key technology in software development.Component-based software development (CBSD)is an emerging paradigm in software development.However,to apply CBSD effectively in real world practice,supporting SCM in CBSD needs to be further investigated.In this paper,the objects that need to be managed in CBSD is analyzed and a component-based SCM model is presented.In this model,Components,as the integral logical constituents in a system,are managed as the basic configuration items in SCM,and the relationships between/among components are defined and maintained.Based on this model.a configuration management system is implemented.     

Process fusion: An industrial case study on agile software product line engineering

This paper presents a case study of a software product company that has successfully integrated practices from software product line engineering and agile software development. We show how practices from the two fields support the company’s strategic and tactical ambitions, respectively. We also discuss how the company integrates strategic, tactical and operational processes to optimize collaboration and consequently improve its ability to meet market needs, opportunities and challenges. The findings from this study are relevant to software product companies seeking ways to balance agility and product management. The findings also contribute to research on industrializing software engineering.     

软件研发中的项目质量管理过程研究

重点介绍了软件研发中的项目质量管理知识体系,涉及软件质量计划编制、软件质量保证、软件质量控制等过程。     

构件化软件系统安全性分析技术研究

复杂系统的软件安全性分析中存在众多的含糊表述和不确定性问题,主观评价和模糊集理论即为处理此类问题的有效方法。首先对复杂软件涉及到的安全性要素进行模糊数学化表述,按照构件化的思想,对单个构件/模块的安全度进行分析,进而利用Dempster-Shafer证据理论对整个软件系统进行安全度综合,实现对软件系统的安全性分析和评估,最终按照DO-178B标准给出软件的安全等级,并通过实例加以说明。     

基于有限状态自动机的构件化软件集成测试方法

构件技术及其相应规范的出现带来了构件化软件时代。可是构件化软件固有的特点向传统的程序分析测试技术提出了一个尖锐的问题：构件的开发者独立开发和测试了构件，而使用构件的用户在无法访问到构件源代码的前提下如何对构件化系统进行充分测试？在观测构造理论基础上构造了一种基于有限状态自动机，并可验证构件化软件行为的测试方法。通过实验验证了其有效性。     

构件化软件开发及系统测试技术探究

随着社会对软件需求的不断增加,以及软件开发的难度和成本的加大,构件软件开发系统及系统测试技术的应用越来越广泛,本文就构件化软件开发过程进行探究,同时运用一个开发实例进行了分析,最后研究了构件化软件系统测试技术和构件测试方法,并得出测试技术中存在的问题。     

Computer-aided maintenance management systems selection based on a fuzzy AHP approach

Computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) are common in today’s industries. CMMS can bring a large number of benefits, which include increased productivity, reduced costs, and effective utilization of the assets in any manufacturing and service producer. The list of CMMS that are available in the market has grown very rapidly during the last years. When purchasing a system, one that suits the specific needs and objectives of the company’s maintenance operations should be preferred. Several selection methods were proposed in literature. Up to now, no article has considered ambiguity and uncertainty factors when selecting effective CMMS. In addition, CMMS selection decisions involve the simultaneous consideration of multiple criteria, including tangible and intangible factors; prioritizing these factors can be a great challenge and a complex task. Therefore, no attempt has been made to incorporate fuzziness into multicriteria decision-making in the area of CMMS selection. This work proposes a fuzzy-based methodology for comparative evaluation of a number of CMMS alternatives. The proposal is based on the well-known multicriteria decision method called Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with triangular numbers. An example is given to illustrate the proposed methodology. Finally, a software prototype for implementing this method was implemented. To illustrate and validate the proposed approach and the software prototype developed some details are presented and discussed.     

Rcs — a system for version control

An important problem in program development and maintenance is version control, i.e. the task of keeping a software system consisting of many versions and configurations well organized. The Revision Control System (RCS) is a software tool that assists with that task. RCS manages revisions of text documents, in particular source programs, documentation, and test data. It automates the storing, retrieval, logging and identification of revisions, and it provides selection mechanisms for composing configurations. This paper introduces basic version control concepts and discusses the practice of version control using RCS. For conserving space, RCS stores deltas, i.e. differences between successive revisions. Several delta storage methods are discussed. Usage statistics show that RCS's delta method is space and time efficient. The paper concludes with a detailed survey of version control tools.     

基于H模型的软件测试管理应用模型研究

针对广大中小型软件企业的测试管理即要保证质量又要兼顾效率和降低成本,现有的软件测试管理模型在实际应用与执行中仍存在许多弊端.因此针对中小型软件企业提出一个软件测试管理应用模型（PTAM）,它是以H模型为基础,结合W模型和TMM理论,同时引入了工作流概念,以任务分配作为驱动工作的执行.