聚(N-苯基马来酰亚胺)-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)-CdS纳米复合物的光学性质

用可逆加成锻炼链转移(RAFT)聚合方法合成了两亲性聚(N-苯基马来酰亚胺)-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)-Cd2(PNPV-Cd2)高分子配合物.Cd2离子与4VP基团配位并与硫代乙酰胺分解产生的S2-离子原位生成CdS纳米粒子.聚(N-苯基马来酰亚胺)-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)- CdS( PNPVCdS)中CdS的含...     

两水亲性嵌段共聚物对CaC03粒子形貌的调控

利用两种不同类型的两水亲性嵌段共聚物聚(N-乙烯基-α-吡咯烷酮)-b-聚甲基丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯(PVP-b-PDMAEMA)及聚(N-乙烯基-α-吡咯烷酮)-b-聚(2-丙烯酰胺-2甲基丙磺酸)(PVP-b-PAMPS)对无机物的矿化及调控作用,制备了特殊形貌的碳酸钙(CaCO3)粒子。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和粉末X射线衍射(XRD)的结果表明,不同类型的两水亲性嵌段共聚物能很好地控制碳酸钙晶体的生长,且其形态和尺寸随pH变化而改变。在PVP-b-PAMPS存在下,pH=6时,呈多级片层状聚集;pH=11和9时,晶体的表面形态分别呈话梅状和蚕茧状,随着pH值的增加,PVP-b-PAMPS共聚物对CaCO3晶体的调控作用加强。而在PVP-b-PDMAEMA存在下,得到的CaCO3为层面光滑、具有多级结构的片层状聚集体。     

两亲性环状聚(己内酯-b-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)的合成与表征

结合原子转移自由基活性聚合(ATRP)和点击化学中铜催化的炔基/叠氮偶极环加成(CuAAC)反应,可控合成两亲性环状聚(己内酯-b-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)嵌段共聚物(Cyclic-PCL-b-PVP),通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1HNMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分别表征聚合物的结构、分子量及分子量分布,表明已成功合成两亲性环状聚(己内酯-b-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)。采用热重分析(TGA)和接触角测量研究了两亲性共聚物的热力学性能和亲水性能,结果表明,相比于线形聚(己内酯-b-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(Linear-PCL-b-PVP),相应的环状嵌段共聚物的热稳定性明显提高,亲水性亦有所变化。     

温敏型水凝胶聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)的前端聚合法制备及性能

采用前端聚合法制备了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(P(NIPAM-co-NVP))温敏型共聚智能水凝胶;研究了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)用量对前端聚合过程及智能水凝胶结构、性能的影响,并对水凝胶在不同温度的药物控制释放行为进行了研究。结果表明,聚合前端移动速率随NVP用量增多而加快;共聚物具有热缩温敏性,随着原料中NVP相对用量从0%增至10%(摩尔分数),共聚产物的临界转变温度从32℃升高到37℃;产物是理想的药物缓释材料。     

钯纳米粒子/嵌段共聚物复合胶束的制备及催化性能

嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚4-乙烯吡啶(PS-b-P4VP)在酸水(pH=2)中自组装形成PS为核,P4VP为壳的核-壳胶束(约为30 nm)。在核-壳胶束酸水溶液(pH=2)中加入氯化钯,钯离子与P4VP络合形成聚苯乙烯为核、聚4-乙烯吡啶/钯离子为壳的胶束。进一步加入硼氢化钠(NaBH4)原位还原钯离子,得到钯纳米粒子(粒径约为3 nm)位于P4VP壳层的复合胶束。复合胶束对4-硝基苯酚还原为4-氨基苯酚的反应中表现出催化活性,动力学研究结果表明,反应为一级反应,反应速率随复合胶束浓度的增加及反应温度的升高而加快。     

复合壳层聚合物胶束的药物控制释放

通过连续原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)合成了聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚(甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯)(PtBA-b-PDMAEMA)和聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(PtBA-b-PNIPAM),并采用选择性溶剂自组装方法制备了具有复合壳层的核壳结构胶束(Dh=209 nm),采用动态光散射及透射电镜研究了胶束的结构和分布,进一步通过紫外光谱对胶束的药物释放性能进行了表征。研究表明,这种复合壳层的聚合物胶束会在壳层形成可控的药物通道,从而实现药物释放的精确控制。     

两亲性温度及pH敏感性嵌段共聚物胶束的制备及其负载紫杉醇释放行为的研究

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合法成功地制备了以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为疏水性内核,聚丙烯酸-b-聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(PAA-b-PNIPAM)为亲水性外壳的具有核-壳结构的两亲嵌段共聚物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-b-聚丙烯酸-co-聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(PMMA-b-(PAA-co-PNIPAM)).此嵌段共聚物以聚异丙基丙烯酰胺作为温度敏感段、以聚丙烯酸作为pH敏感段,具有温度、pH值双重敏感性.通过一系列测试分析,结果表明嵌段共聚物在水溶液中能够自组装形成直径为200nm的胶束颗粒.以嵌段共聚物PMMA-b-(PAA-co-PNIPAM)为载体,成功负载了抗癌药物紫杉醇(PTX),模拟了这种载药胶束在人体环境中的控释行为.结果表明载药胶束在人体正常生理温度(37℃)和病变温度(40℃)下的释放速率和累积释放量都要比室温(25℃)下大很多.此嵌段共聚物兼具温度、pH值双重敏感性,在药物缓释方面有潜在的应用前景.     

两亲性嵌段共聚物聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-b-聚己内酯的合成及自组装行为

以巯基乙醇(MCE)为链转移剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,采用自由基聚合方法合成了端羟基聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP-OH)亲水链,然后用合成的PVP-OH为大分子引发剂,辛酸亚(Sn(Oct)2)为催化剂,通过对ε-己内酯(ε-CL)的开环聚合得到两亲性嵌段共聚物聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-b-聚己内酯(PVP-b-PCL)。通过核磁共振氢谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对PVP-OH和PVP-b-PCL的结构进行了表征,凝胶渗透色谱测得PVP-b-PCL的相对分子质量分布指数(PDI)为1.57。用荧光探针方法测得PVP-b-PCL的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为0.0017 mg/m L。荧光探针的各向异性表明PVP-b-PCL在水溶液中首先发生自缔合作用,随后再聚集形成胶束。PVP-b-PCL浓度较低(0.1mg/m L)时胶束平均粒径约为100 nm,浓度较高(0.1 mg/m L)时胶束粒径约为200 nm,胶束形貌主要为球形。     

PNPMI-b-P4VP-ZnS纳米复合物的RAFT合成及其光学性质可控性

以N-苯基马来酰亚胺（NPMI）和4-乙烯基吡啶-醋酸锌配合物（4VP-Zn（Ac）2）为单体,用可逆断裂链转移聚合（RAFT）方法合成了两亲性聚（N-苯基马来酰亚胺）-b-聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）-ZnS（PNPMI-b-P4VP-ZnS）高分子纳米复合物（PNCs）,用核磁共振（NMR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜...     

两种亲水性共聚物结构的研究

本文研究了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-甲基丙烯酸甲酯(VP-MMA)和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-甲基丙烯酸β羟乙酯(VP-HEMA)两共聚体系本体聚合产物的结构。研究结果表明,这两体系都属于r_1《1,r_2>1的共聚体系。P[VP-MMA]较P[VP-HEMA]组成的分散性更大。少量交联剂双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDMA)的存在对共聚物的组成分布基本上没有影响。共聚物的序列分布受组成影响较大。轻度交联的共聚物中混有PVP线型聚合物。当这两种共聚物被溶眼构成水凝胶时,共聚物的结构特征对水凝胶性能产生较大影响。     

RAFT聚合合成聚丙烯酸-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)嵌段共聚物的自组装行为

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合方法制备了聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PtBA-b-PNIAAm)嵌段共聚物,用核磁共振谱和凝胶渗透色谱对其结构和组成进行了表征。通过水解反应脱去嵌段PtBA的叔丁基得到聚丙烯酸-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PAA-b-PNIAAm)嵌段共聚物,使用核磁共振谱确定了其水解率约为85.5%。使用动态光散射和原子力显微镜技术对其在水溶液中的温度和pH敏感性自组装行为做了初步研究。结果表明,PAA-b-PNIAAm胶束的临界聚集pH值约为5.3,最低临界溶解温度(LCST)约为34.0℃。     

两嵌段共聚物PMMA-b-PHEMA的合成与表征

采用分步法合成了两嵌段共聚物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯.首先以AIBN为引发剂,FeCl<,3>/PPh<,为>催化体系,通过甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的反向原子转移自由基聚合,得到端基含Cl的聚合物PMMA-Cl,其分子量分布为1.36;然后以此为大分子引发剂,FeCl<,2>/PPh<,3>为催化...     

氟硅三嵌段聚合物的合成及其表面性能

以双端羟丙基聚硅氧烷与α-氯代异丁基酰氯反应得到多官能团大分子引发剂Cl-PDMS-Cl,以CuCl为催化剂、N-(2-吡啶亚甲基)-1-丙胺(PMPA)和2,2′-联吡啶(BPY)为催化剂配体,通过原子转移自由基聚合反应(ATRP)合成了聚甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯-聚硅氧烷-聚甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(PHFBMA-b-PDMS-b-PHFBMA)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(IR)、核磁(NMR)对三嵌段聚合物的结构行了表征。以水/油接触角为主要指标,考察了聚合物中氟硅含量、溶剂及成膜温度对聚合物涂膜表面性能的影响,结果表明:以醋酸仲丁酯为溶剂,结构为HFBMA10-DMS88HFBMA10的三嵌段聚合物在100℃成膜,涂膜水、油接触角可达135.50°和123.33°,涂膜性能优良。     

聚乳酸-聚丁二酸丁二醇酯嵌段共聚体系对聚乳酸熔体流变性能的影响

采用未封端的聚乳酸(PLA1)和聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)通过大分子链末端直接脱水酯化反应制备聚乳酸-聚丁二酸丁二醇酯嵌段共聚体系(LB),并对比研究LB体系及纯PBS两种改性剂对封端聚乳酸(PLA)熔体流变性能的影响。流变测试结果证明,LB或PBS的添加均使PLA的储能模量有较明显的提高。但当改性剂的含量相同时,LB对PLA熔体流变性能的提高幅度明显高于PBS,这可能是因为在LB共聚体系中除传统的"海岛"结构外还形成了新的PLA1-PBS"核壳"结构。     

Non-aqueous synthesis of water-dispersible Fe3O4-Ca3(PO4)2 core-shell nanoparticles

The Fe(3)O(4)-Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) core-shell nanoparticles were prepared by one-pot non-aqueous nanoemulsion with the assistance of a biocompatible triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO-PPO-PEO), integrating the magnetic properties of Fe(3)O(4) and the bioactive functions of Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) into single entities. The Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were pre-formed first by thermal reduction of Fe(acac)(3) and then the Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) layer was coated by simultaneous deposition of Ca(2+) and PO(4)(3-). The characterization shows that the combination of the two materials into a core-shell nanostructure retains the magnetic properties and the Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) shell forms an hcp phase (a = 7.490 ?, c = 9.534 ?) on the Fe(3)O(4) surface. The magnetic hysteresis curves of the nanoparticles were further elucidated by the Langevin equation, giving an estimation of the effective magnetic dimension of the nanoparticles and reflecting the enhanced susceptibility response as a result of the surface covering. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis provides the characteristic vibrations of Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) and the presence of the polymer surfactant on the nanoparticle surface. Moreover, the nanoparticles could be directly transferred to water and the aqueous dispersion-collection process of the nanoparticles was demonstrated for application readiness of such core-shell nanostructures in an aqueous medium. Thus, the construction of Fe(3)O(4) and Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) in the core-shell nanostructure has conspicuously led to enhanced performance and multi-functionalities, offering various possible applications of the nanoparticles.     

Smart nanoprobes for ultrasensitive detection of breast cancer via magnetic resonance imaging

Antibody-conjugated hydrophilic magnetic nanocrystals for use as smart nanoprobes were developed for ultrasensitive detection of breast cancer via magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MnFe(2)O(4) nanocrystals (MNCs) for use as MR imaging contrast agents were synthesized by thermal decomposition to take advantage of their MR signal enhancement effect. The MNC surfaces were then modified with amphiphilic tri-block copolymers (dicarboxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)), not only allowing the MNCs to transfer from the organic to the aqueous phase, but also increasing the colloidal stability of the MNCs by masking poly(ethylene glycol). The physicochemical properties of the synthesized hydrophilic magnetic nanocrystals (HMNCs) were fully investigated. Trastuzumab (TZ), a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu), was further conjugated on the surface of HMNCs to specifically target HER2/neu over-expressed breast cancer cells. MR imaging analysis of target cells treated with TZ-conjugated HMNCs (TZ-HMNCs) clearly demonstrated their potential as high-performance nanoprobes for selective imaging.     

Micropatterning of Ag and Au nanoparticles by microcontact printing and block copolymer micelles

Micropatterns of gold and silver nanoparticles were successfully obtained by combining microcontact printing and poly(2-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(cyclohexyl metharylate) (P2VP-b-PCHMA) diblock copolymer micelles with metal precursors. The metal ions were incorporated into poly(2-vinylpyridine) blocks and located into the core area of micelles. Then the metal-loaded micellar solutions were used as inks which were spin coated as thin layers onto polydimethylsiloxane stamps and transferred onto the substrates by stamping. Different morphologies of micellar aggregates were formed on the substrates depending on the stamp morphologies, and single layers of nanoparticles in the micropattern were obtained by the reducing process.     

Stereocomplex block copolymer micelles: core-shell nanostructures with enhanced stability

Monodisperse stereocomplex block copolymer micelles were obtained through the self-assembly of equimolar mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lactide) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d-lactide) in water. These micelles possessed partially crystallized cores and mean hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 31 to 56 nm, depending on the lactide content. They exhibited kinetic stability and redispersion properties superior to micelles prepared with isotactic or racemic polymers alone. This study demonstrates the advantages of stereocomplex formation in the design of stabilized water-soluble nanoparticles.     

四臂双亲性PEMA-b-PMAA嵌段共聚物的合成

由2-溴异丁酰溴和季戊四醇反应合成了四臂引发剂,以CuCl为催化剂,N,N,N′,N″,N″-五甲基二亚乙基三胺（PMDETA）为配体,在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）中分步引发甲基丙烯酸乙酯（EMA）和甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯（tBMA）进行原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）,得到了四臂型嵌段共聚物PEMA-b-PtBMA。改变...