基于RSSI测距的DV-Hop算法

由于DV-Hop算法在不均匀网络中节点定位精度不高,以及RSSI算法受环境因素影响较大,将RSSI算法与DV-Hop算法相结合,提出一种利用RSSI测距技术改进DV-Hop的算法-----BRDV-Hop算法.该算法应用RSSI测距技术,定义信标节点的平均跳距误差,并利用信标节点的平均跳距误差对未知节点与信标节点之间的距离进行修正,从而达到减小定位误差的目的.仿真结果表明,与标准的DV-Hop算法相比,在不增加传感器节点硬件的基础上,改进算法能有效降低定位误差.     

无线传感器网络中DV-Hop定位算法的改进

针对无线传感器网络非基于测距的DV-Hop定位算法中,信标节点与未知节点之间平均跳距估计的不足以及三边定位过程中信标节点的选择对定位误差的影响,提出一种改进的DV-Hop定位算法.在改进策略中,对平均跳距采用加权处理进行修正,并有选择性的选取信标节点参与最后的三边定位.仿真结果表明,改进后的DV-Hop算法能够更准确地对平均跳距进行估计,并且有效地降低了未知节点的定位误差.     

无线传感器网络中DV-Hop节点定位改进算法研究*

介绍了无线传感器网络中DV-Hop算法的定位原理、误差来源。针对DV-Hop算法在未知节点到信标节点距离计算中的不足,在分析信标节点间估计距离与真实距离误差的基础上,提出了改进算法。改进算法修正了网络平均每跳距离与未知节点估计坐标的区域范围。仿真结果表明,在相同的网络环境下,改进算法的定位精度得到明显提高。     

DV-Hop算法定位误差和覆盖率的改进

通过分析免测距的DV-Hop算法在定位精度及覆盖率方面的不足,提出一种改进的DV-Hop定位算法。规定只有在限定跳数内的信标节点信息才能被未知节点接收,并只有通过共线性检查证明信标节点的有效性,且有效信标节点数大于等于3时才能参与定位,分别用最小均方误差准则、归一化加权和总体最小二乘法(TLS)进行定位,然后升级已定位出的未知节点为信标节点,与最初的信标节点共同来定位其他未知节点。仿真结果表明相对于传统算法及现有的一种改进算法,本改进算法的定位精度和覆盖率有明显提高。     

无线传感器网络DV-HOP定位算法的改进

节点定位在无线传感器网络的应用中起着重要作用,一直备受学术界和工业界的关注.在深入研究分析无线传感器网络DV-Hop定位算法和部分已有改进算法的基础上,提出了一种新的改进算法.针对DV-Hop算法在未知节点到信标节点距离计算中的不足,该算法对信标节点的平均每跳距离做出改进;并对可参考信标节点数小于3的未知节点进行估计定...     

基于跳数修正的DV-Hop改进算法

针对无线传感器网络DV-Hop定位算法在实际应用中定位误差较大的问题,提出一种基于跳数修正的改进算法。在引入限跳机制的条件下,按未知节点与信标节点间的跳数值分类估算,对1跳区域内的节点采用RSSI测距技术,对于节点间跳数值大于1跳的节点,则利用信标节点间实际距离与估计距离的误差值修正平均每跳距离。仿真实验表明,在相同的网络条件下,与原DV-Hop定位算法和其他改进算法相比,改进后的算法能更有效地减少跳距估算带来的定位误差,提高平均定位精度并保持较好的算法稳定性。     

基于RSSI比值修正的无线传感器网络DV-Hop定位算法

针对传统原DV-Hop算法未考虑因邻居节点间分布不均直接使用跳数来估计每跳距离而导致对未知节点到信标节点的距离估算造成较大的误差,提出一种基于接收信号强度指示(RSSI)比值修正距离估计定位算法,把RSSI作为节点间欧氏距离的比征来修正每一跳的距离.仿真实验表明:该改进算法在几乎没有增加通信开销的前提下有效地提高了DV-Hop定位精度,同时增强了算法的环境适应性.     

基于补偿系数的DV-HOP定位的改进算法

DV-Hop定位算法是一种重要的无需测距定位算法.在各向同性的密集网络中,它可以获得比较合理的定位精度,然而在随机分布的网络中,节点的定位误差较大.根据DV-Hop算法的定位过程,利用最小均方误差法对平均跳距进行改进,并考虑到传感器节点通常部署在非平面应用场景,通过补偿系数来校正未知节点到信标节点之间的估计距离,提出一种基于补偿系数的定位算法.仿真结果表明,在适当增加节点计算开销的条件下,改进算法的定位精度有明显改善,是一种可行的无线传感器网络节点定位解决方案.     

基于DV-HOP改进的无线传感器网络定位算法

由于在无线传感器网络中定位技术DV-HOP算法存在较大的误差,为提高其定位的精度,提出一种DDV-Hop算法对传统DV-Hop算法在两方面对未知节点定位进行优化。一方面在估算信标节点的平均每跳距离时提出理论最小跳数偏离度的概念,分析误差并进行距离的修正,另一方面通过信标节点的自身定位来获取定位误差对未知节点的定位坐标进行修正。仿真结果表明该优化算法提高了定位的精确度,减小了定位误差约8%~12%。     

一种基于误差修正的改进DV-Hop算法

节点定位技术是无线传感器网络中的一项关键技术,针对DV-Hop算法对不规则随机分布网络定位误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于误差修正的改进算法。该算法借鉴差分GPS思想,在DV-Hop算法距离估计阶段,利用信标节点的误差差分修正估计距离;同时充分考虑网络实际,通过多信标误差加权的方式获得估计距离修正值,以提高算法定位精度。通过仿真研究验证了改进算法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.