熔融共混法丁腈橡胶/聚酰胺6复合材料的性能研究

为了考察丁腈橡胶(NBR)与聚酰胺6(PA6)共混产物综合性能变化,本文采用不同种类NBR与PA6熔融共混,考察共混过程中转矩值变化,表征了共混物的力学性能、耐溶剂性能,并且共混产物进行了红外光谱分析。研究结果表明:随着共混物体系中橡胶相含量的增加,共混物体系的熔体粘度上升。相同腈基含量下的NBR/PA6共混物的平衡转矩值随着NBR含量的增加而增加;拉伸强度随着共混物中NBR橡胶含量的上升,呈下降趋势。在相同的NBR含量条件下,拉伸强度随着腈基含量的增加而增加;红外测试结果显示NBR与PA间在高温高剪切作用下存在微化学反应,即双键与胺基间的反应;共混物体系中随着NBR含量的上升,共混物体系的体积溶胀率与质量溶胀率均呈上升趋势。     

熔融共混法丁腈橡胶/聚酰胺6复合材料的性能研究

丁腈橡胶是由丁二烯和丙烯腈通过乳液聚合而成的耐油型橡胶。因丁腈橡胶具有较好的耐油性、耐热性,已成为标准耐油橡胶弹性体制品。但是随着丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈百分含量增大,硫化胶耐油性能、耐磨性能、耐渗透性、耐热性、硬度及力学性能等获得提升。但其弹性、耐寒性能以及抗压缩永久变形性能降低。为了考察丁腈橡胶(NBR)与聚酰胺6(PA6)共混产物综合性能变化,本文采用不同种类NBR与PA6熔融共混,考察共混过程中转矩值变化,测试了NBR/PA6复合材料的力学性能以及耐溶剂性能。并对NBR/PA6进行了红外分析。研究结果表明:随着NBR/PA6体系中橡胶相(NBR)含量的增加,NBR/PA6熔体黏度上升。相同腈基含量下的NBR/PA6的平衡转矩值随着橡胶相(NBR)百分含量的增加而增大;拉伸强度随着NBR/PA6中橡胶相(NBR)百分含量的上升,呈现下降趋势。在相同的橡胶相(NBR)百分含量下,拉伸强度随着腈基百分含量的增加而增大;另外,在高温高剪切作用下,由红外分析知NBR与PA6间发生胺基与双键间的微化学反应;NBR/PA6体系中随着橡胶相(NBR)百分含量上升,NBR/PA6体系的体积溶胀率与质量溶胀率均呈上升趋势。     

PA6/NBR共混体系的性能研究

采用转矩流变仪,在温度为230℃、转速为80 r/min的条件下进行密炼,熔融共混制备不同聚酰胺6(PA6)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)配比的PA6/NBR共混物,通过差示扫描量热仪、热台偏光显微镜、转矩流变仪、电子万能试验机等分析手段研究了PA6与NBR配比对PA6/NBR共混物性能的影响。结果表明,PA6与NBR配比对PA6/NBR共混物的性能有显著的影响;添加NBR后,PA6的结晶温度提高了10℃左右,NBR对PA6具有异相成核作用并显著降低了结晶尺寸;随着NBR含量的增加,PA6结晶度逐渐下降,当NBR增大到80质量份时,PA6/NBR共混物的结晶度由纯PA6的29.30%降至15.21%,导致PA6/NBR共混物拉伸强度和耐溶剂性能逐渐下降。     

特种共混型热塑性弹性体——Ⅰ.NBR/PA共混物的力学性能及流变性

以丁腈橡胶/尼龙(NBR/PA)为基体,采用动态硫化法制备了具有较高强度、硬度及耐溶剂、耐老化等性能的特种共混型热塑性弹性体(TPV)。实验表明,NBR/PA在一定配比范围内,TPV的强度、硬度、永久变形、耐热油、耐溶剂、耐热氧老化等均随PA用量的增加而增高,伸长率及溶胀度(溶剂为汽油:苯=3:1)却随PA用量的增加而降低。NBR的交联程度对TPV的力学性能有重要的影响。流变实验证明,NBR/PA共混物属于非牛顿流体,可采用注塑方法加工。     

丙烯腈含量对NBR/TPU共混物性能的影响

采用熔融共混的方法制备了丙烯腈含量不同的丁腈橡胶(NBR)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的复合材料,探究了丙烯腈含量和填料对NBR/TPU共混物的物理机械性能及阻尼性能的影响.结果表明,随着丙烯腈含量增加,NBR/TPU共混物的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率明显提高,硬度略有增加;NBR/TPU共混物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)向室温移动...     

PA6/PA6I共混物的制备及性能

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚酰胺6 (PA6)/聚间苯二甲酰己二胺(PA6I)共混物,对不同配比的PA6/PA6I共混物进行了力学性能、成型收缩率、吸水率、透光率、耐车用尿素溶液性能的研究。结果表明,随着PA6I含量的增加,PA6/PA6I共混物的拉伸强度、弯曲强度逐步增大,而断裂伸长率、简支梁缺口冲击强度先降低后升高,在PA6I含量为15%时,二者均出现最小值;共混物的成型收缩率、吸水率随着PA6I含量的增加逐步降低,在PA6I含量为45%时,成型收缩率降低了46.0%、吸水率降低了51.2%;共混物的透光率、耐尿素溶液的能力随着PA6I含量的增加逐步增大,在PA6I含量为45%时,透光率达到70%,在车用尿素溶液中浸泡72h后,共混物的拉伸强度保持率、弯曲强度保持率分别达到84.1%,77.4%,比纯PA6的相应性能分别提高了16.5%,16.0%。     

多壁碳纳米管对天然橡胶/丁腈橡胶阻尼材料性能的影响

研究了多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)的用量对天然橡胶(NR)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混胶的硫化特性、力学性能及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明,随着MWCNT用量的增加,NR/NBR共混胶的最小转矩、最大转矩、最大转矩与最小转矩之差均增大,焦烧时间和正硫化时间缩短;扯断伸长率逐渐减小,撕裂强度、定伸应力和邵尔A硬度逐渐增大,回弹性下降,拉伸强度先增大后减小,当MWCNT用量为4.0份时拉伸强度达到最大值。拉伸/压缩-恢复过程中的滞后能量密度和阻尼系数增大。     

水刺激响应丁腈橡胶/聚乙二醇形状记忆共混物的制备与性能

制备了水刺激响应丁腈橡胶（NBR）/聚乙二醇(PEO)形状记忆共混物,考察了NBR与PEO共混比对共混物硫化特性、吸水性、物理机械性能和形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明,在NBR/PEO形状记忆共混物中,随着PEO用量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度、硬度及吸水率均有所提高,但交联密度和扯断伸长率都呈下降趋势,形状记忆固定率明显升高,而形状记忆回复率则有所下降。当NBR与PEO的质量比为40/60时共混物具有最佳的水刺激响应形状记忆性能。     

环氧改性剂对PA6/EVOH共混物性能的影响

介绍了不同环氧改性剂对聚酰胺6（PA6）/乙烯?乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）共混物的拉伸性能、流变性能、结晶性能的影响,并研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）与共混物的反应机理。使用转矩测试、红外光谱、氢核磁共振、拉伸测试、旋转流变测试和差示扫描量热法对共混物进行了表征。结果表明,随着改性剂环氧值的增加,共混物的共混转矩、拉伸强度、复数黏度和储能模量均增加,共混物的结晶度和结晶温度降低,断裂伸长率呈先升高后降低的趋势;考虑到加工过程的流动性,GMA改性的共混物性能最佳,拉伸强度提高了8.5 %,断裂伸长率提高了26.6 %;红外光谱和氢核磁共振表明,GMA可以在高温下发生自聚合反应,形成多环氧低聚物,进而与PA6和EVOH反应,提高共混物的性能。     

不同尼龙改性丁腈橡胶性能的比较

研究了尼龙(PA)改性丁腈橡胶(NBR)的性能,探讨了不同品种、不同含量的PA对共混物力学性能和弹性性能的影响,比较了不同的尼龙对共混物的不同的改性效果。PA6的改性效果要好于PA1010。     

尼龙6/环氧树脂共混体系化学流变行为研究

利用转矩流变仪和应力流变仪对尼龙6/环氧树脂体系的化学流变行为进行了研究。结果表明:在热和剪切力的作用下,环氧树脂与PA6发生了化学微交联反应,使共混体系的转矩和熔体温度上升。研究了环氧树脂含量、转速和温度对共混体系的影响。反应共混物熔体呈假塑性流体特征。随着环氧树脂含量的增加,共混物熔体的复数粘度和储能模量上升。     

尼尼6／环氧树脂共混体系化学流变行为研究

利用转矩流变仪和应力流变仪对尼龙6/环氧树脂体系的化学流变行为进行了研究。结果表明：在热和剪切力的作用下，环氧树脂与PA6发生了化学微交联反应。使共混体系的转矩和熔体温度上升。研究了环氧树脂含量．转速和温度对共混体系的影响。反应共混物熔体量呈假塑性流体特征。随着环氧树脂含量的增加，共混物熔体的复数粘度和储能模量上升。     

动态硫化制备PA/SAN/NBR合金冲击性能的研究

采用酚醛树脂（PF）、DCP和硫磺等硫化体系对PA／SAN／NBR共混体系进行动态硫化,研究了该共混体系的缺口冲击强度、冲击行为和分散相形态。结果发现,PF比其它硫化体系更有效,可制得超韧的PA／SAN／NBR（50／25／25）合金;SEM照片表明,随着PF用量增加,共混体系中分散相粒子变小,形态变规则,动态硫化体系的相容性变好。     

Physical properties of polyamide 6/H‐NBR blends and the effects of dynamic vulcanization on them

Polyamide 6 (PA 6) and hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H‐NBR) were blended with various blend ratios in a brabender plasticoder at 240°C/100 rpm. The processing characteristics with a mixing torque of the blends were investigated. The effect of the blend ratio on physical properties such as tensile strength, Young's modulus, elongation at break, permanent set, hardness, and swelling behavior of blends was analyzed. Most mechanical properties were found to decrease with an addition of H‐NBR. The morphology of the blends was observed, and the results show a two phase system where the component with high proportions exists as a continuous phase. A cocontinuous phase was observed in blend ratios of 50/50 and 40/60. Dynamic mechanical properties were observed to study a viscoelastic property of the blends. In addition, the effect of dynamic vulcanization with peroxide on physical properties was studied, and the influence of peroxide on PA 6 was also examined. It was found that the peroxide can have an effect on PA 6 as well as act as a crosslinker to H‐NBR. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

三元共聚尼龙/聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶三元共混弹性体研究

选择三元共聚尼龙（PA），聚氯乙烯（PVC）和丁腈橡胶（NBR）为主体材料，采用高温机械共混，化学交联工艺制得了PA／PVC／NBR三元共混弹性体，探讨了PA／NBR，POM／NBR，PVC／NBR，HMWPVC／NBR三元共混体系性能，重点讨论了PA／PVC／NBR共混比，不同硫化体系，有机过氧物DCP用量等因素对PA／PVC／NBR三元共混弹性体性能的影响，实验结果表明：选择适宜配方制得力学性能和耐油耐溶剂性能较好的PA／PVC／NBR三元共混弹性体，扫描电镜的实验结果证实m(PA):m(PVC):m(NBR)=10:30:60和m(PA):m(PVC):m(NBR)=30:10:60两个体系的三元共混弹性体均具有较好的相容性，且前者的相容性更好。     

Influence of compatibilizer content on PA/NBR blends properties: Unusual characterization and evaluation methods

NBR/PA6 blends were prepared at the melt state and with the use of masterbatches. Compatibilization with NBR‐oxazoline was tested with the aim of enhancing the blend performance and to obtain more appropriated morphology. The effect of compatibilizer content was studied through the characterization of blend mechanical properties, creep behavior, swelling, PA6 phase crystallinity, morphology, and rheological properties, including pressure‐volume‐temperature behavior. The results show a more significant elastomeric behavior for blends with 5 and 7 phr of compatibilizer, with deleterious effects for higher content. The migration of compatibilizer into elastomeric phase was documented by electronic microscopy, and corroborated by an increase in free volume of the samples. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Effect of acrylic acid on the properties of recycled poly(vinyl chloride)/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blends

The effect of acrylic acid (AAc) on the torque, stabilization torque, mechanical energy, swelling behavior, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and morphological characteristics of recycled poly(vinyl chloride)/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (PVCr/NBR) blends was studied. The blends were melt mixed at a temperature of 150°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. AAc was used to improve the compatibility of PVCr/NBR blends. Virgin PVCv/NBR blends were prepared to provide a comparison. It was found that PVCr/NBR + AAc blends exhibit higher stabilization torque, mechanical energy, stress at peak, and stress at 100% elongation, but lower elongation at break and swelling index than those of PVCr/NBR and PVCv/NBR blends. SEM study of the tensile fracture surfaces of the blends indicated that the presence of AAc increased the interfacial interaction between PVCr and NBR phases, thus improving the compatibility between PVCr and NBR phases. However, thermal gravimetry analysis of the blends showed that the presence of AAc decreased the thermal stability of PVCr/NBR blends. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2181–2191, 2005     

Toward superior applications of thermoplastic elastomer blends: double Tg increase and improved ductility

With the aim of curbing air pollution and addressing climate change, the use of low density thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in transportation could be a useful way to lighten the vehicle weight. For that, melt blending of high performance rubber and thermoplastics is an attractive way of preparing high performance TPEs. In this work, several TPEs have been prepared by melt blending of hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) with polyamide 6 (PA6), adding different amounts of carboxylated HNBR (XHNBR) as compatibilizer: 40/60/0, 40/42/18, 40/30/30 and 40/18/42 (PA6/HNBR/XHNBR). The resulting blends were investigated using melt rheological measurements, morphological observations (scanning electron microscopy and polarized optical microscopy), dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry analysis and mechanical tests. A biphasic morphology was noted for all TPEs. An increase in XHNBR amount changes the morphology from dispersed to co‐continuous. This evolution is explained by the change in the melt rheological properties of the HNBR/XHNBR rubber phase. Moreover, the introduction of 42% XHNBR resulted in an increase in the glass transition temperature of both rubber and PA6 phases. This double T_g increase phenomenon was attributed to the interfacial interactions between the carboxyl groups in XHNBR and the amine end groups in PA6. Additionally, thermal analysis revealed a reduced crystallinity of PA6 in the blend, which corresponds to enhanced interfacial interactions. The interfacial adhesion and the co‐continuous morphology resulted in an improved ductility. This study reveals the possibility of obtaining TPE blends with tunable thermal and mechanical properties by controlling both interfacial interactions and morphology. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

EPDM接枝共聚物对MXD6/PA6/EPDM共混物性能的影响

以马来酸酐接枝三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM-g-MAH）为反应性增容剂,通过熔融共混制得聚间苯二甲胺己二酸/聚酰胺6/三元乙丙橡胶（MXD6/PA6/EPDM）共混物。采用Molau实验研究了共混物的相容性,利用哈克转矩流变仪、差示扫描量热仪、偏光显微镜和热重分析仪等研究了MXD6/PA6/EPDM共混物的流变性能、熔融行为、结晶行为以及耐热性能。结果表明,由于EPDM-g-MAH的引入,共混物的平衡扭矩增大,PA6相与EPDM相界面黏附力明显提高;EPDM-g-MAH的引入导致共混物的球晶形貌规整性变差,成核密度下降,结晶速率减慢;随着EPDM含量的增加,共混物的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）和熔融温度（Tm）均呈下降趋势;EPDM-g-MAH的引入提高了共混物的热稳定性。     

聚酰胺6/丙烯酸酯橡胶共混物热性能和结晶行为研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚酰胺6/环氧型丙烯酸酯橡胶(PA6/ACM)共混物,并通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和偏光显微镜(PLM)对PA6/ACM共混物的热性能和结晶行为及晶体形貌进行了研究。结果表明,随着ACM含量的增加,共混物的融熔温度(Tm)和结晶温度(Tc)均略有下降;由于环氧型ACM的加入,PA6的晶型也由γ晶型转化为 α晶型,且随着橡胶加入量的增加,结晶度逐渐降低,晶粒逐渐变小,结晶也越来越不完善;共混物的缺口冲击强度明显提高。