白垩100%代替石灰石煅烧水泥生料易磨性的研究

对吉尔吉斯斯坦A厂的白垩100%代替石灰石配制生料的易磨性进行研究,在我国水泥生产和工艺设计中主要以粉磨功指数来表征物料易磨性。本文通过对配制生料的邦德指数的测定,得知白垩100%代替石灰石配制生料的的易磨性比石灰石煅烧水泥生料的易磨性更好,邦德功指数为:9.71 kWh/t(P80=90.2μm)。有利于降低水泥生料粉磨过程中的电耗,经济有效的提高水泥生料的粉磨细度。     

生料配煤量对粉磨产量和电耗的影响

在全黑生料配料中，煤的配入量对生料的易磨性的影响不容忽视。现场实测和试验均表明，生料的易磨性与煤的配入量有关，在工艺条件和煤种一定的情况下，生料的邦德功指数与煤的配入量成正向影响；在工艺条件相同时，煤本身的易磨性对生料易磨性的影响也较大；在生料配料中，掺入5％左右的煤对粉磨电耗和产量影响不大，由此可推算，采用半黑生料配料，并选择易磨性较好的煤种，可明显改善粉磨电耗，增加产量；在煤种相同的条件下，采用不同的粉磨工艺，生料的易磨性也不同，如采用辊压机或振动破碎机，可明显改善物料的易磨性。     

磨机操作和工况对生料成分稳定性的影响及相应措施

分析和讨论了生料粉磨过程中磨机操作、磨机工况等非原料化学成分变化因素对生料成分的影响,通过实际生产数据对比了立磨和闭路球磨的出磨生料成分受其影响的大小,并给出了避免粉磨过程中非原料成分因素造成生料成分波动的措施。各种原料易磨性和化学成分的差别,是造成磨机工况变化后生料成分波动的原因;配料秤的非线性误差,是造成大幅度增减喂料量时实际原料配比变化的原因。实际生产中通过稳定磨机工况,稳定磨机喂料量,加强质量控制与生产部门之间的协调,才能提高生料化学成分的稳定性和生料质量的控制水平。     

对邦德功指数计算磨机产量的讨论与建议

0前言水泥厂在调整粉磨工艺、改变原料及配料方案或进行磨机选型时,都要涉及磨机产量这个参数。通常确定产量的方法是用　500mm×500mm试验小磨将被磨物料和标准砂分别磨至规定细度所需的时间来进行比较的,由于试验只具有相对性,故其结果在定量和定性上均显不足。自国家标准GB9964-1988《水泥原料易磨性试验方法》颁布实施后,许多水泥厂即采用邦德功指数,直接用原料易磨性试验来计算磨机的产量。但标准对计算过程中一些参数的取值未作明确规定,因而在应用时多     

入磨粒度对原料易磨性的影响——兼对JC/T734—2005标准商榷

<正>1方法定义和指标入磨粒度是影响磨机产量的重要因素,也是决定原料易磨性Wi(MJ/t)的前提条件。但国内外以邦德功指数表示的原料易磨性试验标准及相关方法对此仍     

邦德易磨性与不同粉磨系统的产量关系论证

邦德易磨性是国内外水泥和选矿行业用于计算磨机产量、电耗和工艺设备选型的一种方法。我国现行国家标准GB/T26567《水泥原料易磨性试验方法》和冶金行业YB/T 4186《冶炼渣易磨性试验方法》以及日本JISM4002《粉磨功指数试验方法》，都是基于邦德裂缝学说建立的试验方法，归于邦德易磨性。     

哈氏易磨性与邦德功指数的换算验证及其评价

1哈氏易磨性与邦德功指数的换算水泥粉磨系统工艺设计和设备选型中有关原料易磨性的测试,生料、熟料包括各种配料、混合材等原     

生料磨喷水装置的设计及改进

我公司生料磨由于进磨物料调整，易磨性变差，导致磨机稳定性下降，震动值增加，主电机电流波动增大，磨机产量下降，磨机操作困难，常会出现由于震动超标引起的抬辊操作，影响了磨机的正常生产。     

外置烘干炉改造生料磨的实践

1 概述 近年来，随着粉磨新技术的推广和应用．通过各种措施使人磨物料的综合水分控制在一个适当的范围．生料磨的产量明显提高。如果生料磨人磨物料综合水分达2％～5％．生料磨系统将出现以下问题：人磨水分偏高，造成物料的韧性加大易磨性差；含水率高的细粉易粘附在研磨体和衬板的表面，形成料垫．降低磨机的粉磨能力；水分过高的细粉还会堵塞隔仓板篦缝，物料通过率低，导致磨机台时产量下降；磨内物料含水量高，还能引起“饱磨”等等。总之，生料含水分过高对生料磨产量将造成较大的影响．     

加强技术改造 实现磨机高产

1987年9～12月,我厂φ1.83×6.4米生料磨台时产量由8.5吨/时逐渐下降到5吨/时,且饱磨停喂现象频繁,磨尾排出大量粗石粒,磨机电流下降。由于生料供应不足,致使立窑经常停产,水泥产量急剧下降。当时,有人认为是石灰石易磨性改变之故。做石灰石易磨性系数试验表明:石灰石易磨性与前无异。后又对钢球级配、平均球径和装载量等作反复调整,仍收效甚微。针对上述情况,笔者于1987年12月下旬对磨机进行了综合技术改造。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。