10Cr9MOVNb钢的组织和性能

以正交设计法研究了热处理工艺对试验钢性能的影响，用透射电子显微镜等手段观察组织、确定析出相的结构和成分。结果表明，该钢经１０５０℃１ｈ正火＋７８０℃１ｈ回火后，具有高的强度和良好的韧性。     

12Cr1MoV大口径高压锅炉钢管冲击韧性的质量控制

采用示波冲击韧性试验研究了热处理对１２Ｃｒ１ＭｏＶ钢冲击韧性的影响。试验结果表明：提高正火温度及成品管出现混晶组织增大了回火脆化倾向。１０００℃正火＋７４０℃回火并保证充分的回火时间是使大口径钢管的强韧性匹配满足ＧＢ５３１０要求的必要条件。基体α相中时效析出细小碳化物质点对位错的强钉扎作用是导致回火脆化的主要原因。     

12Cr1MoV冲击脆断原因探析

本文从高温回火对12Cr1MoV组织改变的状况，探讨影响12Cr1MoV冲击韧性的主要因素，对未过热正火＋高温回火状态冲击脆断的钢，采取适宜的高温回火热处理工艺，可以在保证强度、塑性指标的同时，使其冲击韧性得到大幅度提高。     

热处理工艺对12Cr2Mo1R钢的组织和性能影响

探讨了不同热处理工艺对12Cr2Mo1R耐热钢板性能和组织的影响,结果表明：随正火温度的升高贝氏体增加,强度提高,975℃正火后,显微组织为100%贝氏体和（Fe,Cr）3C型渗碳体;随回火温度的提高及回火时间的延长,强度降低,600℃回火时析出的纳米强化相不断长大成针状,同时,（Fe,Cr）3C型渗碳体不断球化,逐渐向（Fe,Cr）7C3型转化;正火处理后再经650℃回火处理,负蠕变现象消失。生产中12Cr2Mo1R钢宜采用正火+回火处理,正火温度920～950℃,保温时间1.5～3.0 min/mm;回火温度720～750℃,保温时间2.0～4.0 min/mm。     

正火预热处理对42CrMo曲轴钢调质后的组织与性能影响

利用金相显微观察及力学性能分析,研究调质处理、正火+调质热处理对42CrMo曲轴钢组织与性能的影响。结果表明,经过860℃淬火+580℃回火处理后,曲轴钢基体组织为回火索氏体,但轴颈心部区域白色铁素体数量较多且晶粒粗大、分布不均。其力学性能为抗拉强度997～1211 MPa,屈服强度990～1204 MPa,伸长率11%～13%,断面收缩率40%～48%,冲击功72～90 J。而在调质热处理前增加一次(880℃空冷)正火预处理后,42CrMo曲轴钢的显微组织更趋均匀化,其力学性能为抗拉强度1100～1220 MPa,屈服强度1107～1188 MPa,伸长率13%～15%,断面收缩率50%～56%,冲击功83-91 J。因此,880℃空冷正火预处理+860℃淬火与580℃高温回火是42CrMo曲轴钢优化的热处理工艺。     

大型筒节台阶式临界区正火热处理工艺

 针对加氢反应器大型筒节经轧制成形后心部易出现混晶、粗晶组织和当前等温式正火工艺热处理周期长、能源消耗大两大问题,从热处理工艺入手,提出了台阶式临界区正火热处理方案,通过与传统的等温式正火热处理制度下组织和力学性能的对比,得出2次台阶式临界区高温侧正火为最佳的热处理工艺。研究结果表明：2次台阶式临界区高温侧正火消除混晶和细化晶粒的效果优于等温式正火,其热处理后平均晶粒尺寸为18 μm,混晶组织基本消除,回火后渗碳体球化和均匀化效果好;2次台阶式临界区高温侧正火热处理后材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和-30 ℃夏比冲击吸收功分别为681 MPa、768 MPa和181 J,综合力学性能优于等温式正火;-30 ℃冲击断口均为准解理断裂,其低温冲击断口塑性脊数量明显多于等温式正火热处理,低温冲击吸收功较大;与等温式正火工艺相比,2次台阶式临界区高温侧正火工艺可将正火保温时间缩短30%,正火加热温度降低,大大降低了能源消耗。     

热处理工艺对LNG用高Ni低温钢韧性的影响

为改善LNG用高Ni钢板的力学性能,采用正火＋回火、淬火＋回火和淬火＋淬火＋回火三种工艺对其进行热处理。性能检测及组织观察结果显示,由于正火的冷却速度较慢,影响了正火＋回火处理后钢板潜能的释放;而淬火＋回火处理则解决了这个问题,钢板低温韧性大幅提高;淬火＋淬火＋回火处理使钢板的低温韧性进一步改善。     

热处理对0.14C-1.25Cr-0.5Mo钢的抗氢蚀能力的影响

试验研究了经不同温度正火和回火后，0．14C—1．25Cr—0．5Mo钢中M3C、M23C6碳化物中Cr、Mn、Mo的含量以及充氢前后淬火和回火温度对钢的力学性能的影响。结果得出，经890-980℃正火、670-710℃回火，该钢具有良好的抗氢蚀能力，520～620℃回火后试样充氢后的强度明显下降。     

核电用钢板热处理工艺的研究

针对厚度为100 mm的核电用钢板20MnHR-B进行不同工艺热处理和力学性能、显微组织检测分析,结果表明:经过正火+回火处理,钢板的力学性能满足交货状态、最大和最小模拟焊后热处理状态的技术要求;经过最大模拟焊后热处理,钢板获得铁素体+珠光体+少量粒状贝氏体组织。最终将100 mm厚度核电用钢板20MnHR-B的最佳热处理工艺确定为900℃正火+保温1.2 min/mm+水冷、630℃回火+保温2 min/mm+空冷。     

热处理对Nb中间层热轧Q235-TA2复合板界面的影响

研究了2种热处理工艺(正火:900℃保温20min空冷及高温回火:650℃保温5h空冷)对Nb作中间层热轧Q235-TA2复合板界面显微结构和结合性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱(EDS)观察分析了热处理前后复合界面处显微结构及元素扩散情况。利用电子万用试验机进行压剪试验,测试复合界面结合强度,并对压剪断口进行X射线衍射(XRD)及断口形貌分析,探究复合界面处物相组成。试验结果表明:热处理态试样Q235-Nb复合界面均存在Fe_2Nb,正火态试样Nb-Ti界面存在针状组织。回火态试样Q235-Nb界面微孔的存在使得回火态试样压剪强度(162MPa)低于正火态试样压剪强度(171MPa)。不同热处理条件下,试样压剪过程中均在Q235-Nb界面处发生断裂,Q235-Nb界面结合强度弱于Nb-Ti界面结合强度。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.