钒铬中和渣碱浸提钒及残渣冶炼铬钒合金工艺研究

本文对钒渣提钒后的含钒、铅废水进行了综合处理试验。钒铬中和渣经碱浸、净化、沉淀可使V_2O_5纯度大于99％,其残渣用炉外法可冶炼含Cr82—86％的铬钒合金。     

用钒铁冶炼贫渣处理还原沉钒后的废水

为回收利用钒铁冶炼的贫渣和处理还原沉钒后的废水,将钒铁冶炼过程中产生的贫渣经过风化、筛分粒度小于5 mm后获得贫渣灰,将其代替石灰粉末处理提钒过程中还原沉钒后的废水,pH值控制在7.0~8.5。结果表明:废水中每公斤铬消耗贫渣灰9.2 kg,为石灰粉末用量的1.4倍,外排废水总铬小于1.5 mg/L,总钒小于1 mg/L,SS小于70 mg/L,pH值6~9,处理后的废水符合钒工业污染物排放标准GB26452—2011排放限值。以年产钒铁(FeV50)2 000 t计,每年可减少钒铁冶炼废渣排放量3 000 t以上。     

钒铬液水热水解法提钒技术研究

针对高铬钒渣氧化钠化焙烧—水浸提钒铬工艺获得钒铬液的特点,解决常规铵盐沉钒工艺产生高Na~+、高NH_4~+废水难处理的问题,选用水热法水解沉钒技术从高铬高钠的钒液中高效分离提取出钒,为后续提铬及废水处理创造了有利条件。分别研究了水解沉钒温度、pH值和反应时间与沉钒率和铬损失率的关系,结果表明:在反应pH值1.8,温度120℃,反应时间180 min的条件下可获得接近90%的沉钒率,水解产物经打浆洗涤—煅烧后即制得满足98粉钒标准(YB/T 5304—2011)要求的氧化钒产品。     

钒渣空白焙烧高效清洁提钒技术

针对现有钒渣焙烧提钒工艺中存在焙烧温度高、炉窑结圈、转浸率低、产生大量氨氮废水等问题,研究了钒渣空白焙烧过程钒尖晶石相的氧化过程及机理,得出结论：钒铁尖晶石相在600℃以后即可完全氧化分解,钒渣经过750℃以上的温度一次焙烧后钒转化率＞95％.通过钒渣NaOH水热碱浸实验,在180℃碱浸2h条件下可以使钒浸出率达到95％以上.在空白焙烧-水热碱浸过程中,无有害气体及废水排放,属于高效清洁提钒生产技术.     

钒铬渣钠化焙烧同步提取钒和铬

通过钒铬渣钠化焙烧化学反应理论分析和热力学计算,提出采用高碱低温钠化焙烧同步提取钒和铬。主要考察了钒铬渣粒度、碳酸钠用量、焙烧时间、焙烧温度对钒、铬转浸率的影响规律。研究结果表明,钠化焙烧最佳条件为钒铬渣粒度-0.074 mm、碳酸钠用量50%～53%、焙烧时间60～70 min和焙烧温度790～850℃,获得的钒、铬转浸率分别为98.31%和93.53%。钠化焙烧后,钒铬渣中的钒铬铁尖晶石、铁橄榄石、玻璃相等物相基本消失,生成的主要物相为钒铬酸钠、钠辉石、氧化铁等。     

钒铬渣两步氧化钠化焙烧分离钒、铬

通过计算反应Gibbs自由能对钒铬渣物相组成的氧化钠化过程进行理论分析,提出采用两步氧化钠化焙烧分离钒铬渣中的钒、铬。主要考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间和苏打比对钒铬渣中钒、铬转浸率的影响。结果表明:钒铬渣氧化钠化焙烧提钒的最佳条件为焙烧温度830℃、焙烧时间2.5h和苏打比1.3,钒、铬的转浸率分别为88.6%和1.28%;提钒残渣氧化钠化焙烧提铬的最佳工艺条件为焙烧温度1100℃、焙烧时间2.5h和苏打比2.4,铬的转浸率大于80%。通过对渣相进行X射线衍射(XRD)和背散射电子(BSE)分析,钒铬渣焙烧熟料的主要物相为Fe_2O_3,FeTiO_3,Na_2Si_2O_5,NaVO_3和Cr_3O_8;进一步分析提钒残渣氧化钠化提铬机制,确定生成Na_2CrO_4的主要反应为CrO_3与Na_2Si_2O_5和NaFeO_2等中间产物发生的置换反应。     

钒渣提钒工艺过程钒铬分离现状及展望

介绍了钒渣提钒工艺过程钒铬的分离回收现状,分析了现行钒铬分离回收工艺的优缺点。结合钒铬分离回收研究取得的最新进展,指出钒渣提钒工艺改进的方向是在获得钒铬合格产品的同时,实现主要化工原料及水在工艺过程的循环利用,进一步节能减排。     

钒铬还原渣综合利用技术进展

钒铬还原渣是有色金属冶金领域最为常见的一种废渣,含有高含量和高价值的钒与铬,迫切需要对其加以回收和利用。由于钒铬的化学性质相似,钒铬的提取、分离和利用一直是困扰人们的关键难题。在阐述钒铬还原渣综合利用的必要性基础上,介绍了最新的钒铬还原渣综合回收利用工艺,探讨了新工艺的优缺点,并提出了钒铬还原渣综合利用的建议。     

低COD处理沉钒废水回收低铁含铬渣冶炼金属铬

用焦亚硫酸钠、海波上层液分别处理沉钒废水,研究表明:海波上层液还原沉钒废水COD高达2 878 mg/L,远超排放标准;用焦亚硫酸钠还原沉钒废水,中和、沉淀能够获取低COD废水、低铁含铬渣。用焦亚硫酸钠处理沉钒废水工业运行技术条件:焦亚硫酸钠加入倍数3.1~3.2,还原反应时间15~30 min。处理后废水经汽提脱氨塔脱氨后,排向污水处理厂的废水未检出六价铬,COD平均值65 mg/L,符合辽宁省地方排放标准《污水综合排放标准》DB21/1627—2008排放限值,所得含铬渣中铁含量较低(以Fe2O3计0.27%),铬含量高(以Cr2O3计41.6%)。含铬渣经煅烧窑煅烧、炉外法冶炼出牌号JCr95金属铬(Cr≥95%)产品,质量合格。     

杂质对钒产品生产过程的影响

介绍钒渣焙烧、钒液净化、多钒酸铵沉淀、废水处理工艺。分析钒渣成分,采用ICP光谱分析法分析了钒液、多钒酸铵、废水中硅、磷、钙、铝、铁、铬、镁杂质含量,通过试验对比找出杂质对焙烧转化率、多钒酸铵产品质量及废水处理工艺的影响,给出相应的解决方法。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.