Analytical Expressions for the Heat Capacities of Alkali Silicate Liquids

The available thermochemical data for silicate liquids and glasses indicate that the customary assumption of heat-capacity additivity is not valid, particularly for liquid silicates near 1000 K. Estimates are obtained for the heat capacities of KO_0.3-SiO₂, NaO_0.3-SiO₂, and CaO-SiO₂ liquids. The excess heat capacity of mixing of alkali silicates at 1000 K is:
in units of cal mol⁻¹ K⁻¹. Analytical expressions are given for C ^e_p for KO_0.5-NaO_0.5-SiO₂ and NaO_0.3-CaO-SiO₂ liquids at 900 to 1800 K.     

硅藻土制备硅酸钠模数的研究

以攀枝花市大龙潭地区的硅藻土为原料,采用水热碱溶法,通过煅烧、碱溶、过滤、结晶等工艺制得硅酸钠。并通过正交试验研究了液固比、反应时间、煅烧温度、Na OH用量四个因素对硅酸钠模数的影响。结果表明,当液固比为3∶1,反应时间60 min,反应温度700℃,Na OH用量12 g时可制备出最佳模数为1.341的硅酸钠。     

Sodium Motion in Phase-Separated Sodium Silicate Glasses

The thermally stimulated polarization and depolarization current (TSPC/TSDC) technique was used to study Na^plus; ion motion in phase-separated silicate glasses containing between 10.3 and 20 mol% Na₂O. Generally, two TSDC peaks and a high-temperature background (HTB) current were observed. The two TSDC peaks were attributed to different types of Na^plus; motion, i.e. a short-range reorientation process and a longer-range translational motion. Changes in the microstructure affected only the size of the larger TSDC peak located at higher temperatures.     

湿法泡花碱工艺优化

针对传统湿法泡花碱生产工艺能耗大,投资高,操作复杂,人员素质高的特点进行优化,采用废气回用、自然沉降、回配系统等措施对其进行优化,新建车间不仅能耗能降低25％以上,大大降低投资成本、维护成本、劳动强度,而且对原材料石英砂的质量要求更加宽松。     

10万t/a液体水玻璃项目的财务评价

介绍了建设10万t/a工业液体水玻璃生产装置财务评价内容,经财务盈利能力分析、清偿能力分析和敏感性分析,做出财务评价结论。     

五水偏硅酸钠的生产开发

在分析国内外五水偏硅酸钠生产工艺的基础上,利用水溶液结晶法生产五水偏硅酸钠,具有设备简单,易于操作,生产稳定,投资省等优点。     

Optimization of Liquid Sodium Silicate Production

Data are given on electrical activation of water and the use of its alkaline fraction (catholyte) in the preparation of liquid sodium silicate, intended to accelerate the process and decrease the viscosity of the resulting product. As a consequence, the silicate melting rate increased 2 times, and the viscosity decreased 1.5 times.     

水玻璃行业现状

水玻璃是一种基础无机化工原料,在国民经济的发展过程中有着重要作用。阐述了与水玻璃相关的几组常见名词,介绍了其基本理化性质、用途及湿法和干法的生产工艺,并详细对比了这两种生产工艺的区别;提出了生产水玻璃所需原料规格和产房设备的要求;最后,总结了水玻璃的行业现状,展望了未来的发展趋势。     

固体硅酸钠干燥的设计

分析研究硅酸钠的干燥特性,测定硅酸钠的干燥速率;探讨了穿流风速、风湿对干燥速率的影响;依据实验结果进行了工业放大,设计出穿流带式干燥机。实践证明,设备干燥效果良好,解决了长期困扰企业的产品结块问题。     

Directionally Crystallized Sodium Lead Silicate Glass-Ceramic

The iron-nucleated devitrification of a sodium lead silicate glass was studied; it produces a glass-ceramic consisting of sodium metasilicate crystals in a lead silicate glass matrix. The nucleating agent is not incorporated in the crystal phase, Anisotropic devitrification of the glass in a thermal gradient produces an aligned microstructure with needles of sodium metasilicate oriented with the c axis parallel to the direction of crystallization.     

Nernst-Einstein Relation in Sodium Silicate Glass

The diffusion coefficient and the electric mobility of sodium (²²Na) ions in a sodium silicate glass (25 mol% Na₂O) were measured simultaneously at 300°C in an experiment of the type used by Chemla, where the diffusion heat treatment is made in a constant dc electric field. The diffusion coefficient remained unchanged with an applied electric field. The correlation factor in the Nernst-Einstein relation calculated from the simultaneously measured diffusion coefficient and electric mobility was 0.5±0.05.     

应用WCA微扰理论推算非极性液体比热容的新方法

本文首次将统计热力学的Ｗｅｅｋｓ－Ｃｈａｎｄｌｅｒ－Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ（简称ＷＣＡ）微扰理论应用于非极性液体定容比热容和定压比热容的推算，用一些液体的ｐ－ｖ－Ｔ实验数据拟合了理论中所用ＬＪ势能函数的势能参数，并提出一个通用关联式。本文方法具有通用性，在编制的计算程序中只需输入物质的临界温度、临界比容、偏心因子等就能算出相应的比热容，工程应用十分方便。     

水玻璃生产工艺浅谈

从硅酸钠的性质特征出发,简要论述了硅酸钠制造工艺方法及目前我国该行业的状况。     

固体硅酸钠干燥器的设计

经过水淬形成的固体硅酸钠在堆放过程中极易结块,经过分析研究认为,硅酸钠的干燥基本上属于非结合水分的表面干燥,实验测定了硅酸钠的干燥速率,并探讨了穿流风速,风温对干燥速率的影响,依据实验结果进行了工业放大,设计了穿流带式干燥机,设备干燥效果良好,解决了产品结块问题,有良好的推广价值。     

Limiting Opalescence Temperature in Sodium Silicate Glasses

The calculation of the limiting opalescence temperature is proposed based on a model describing the mechanism of the formation of internal stresses in glass in cooling. The notion of the range of increased mobility of structural elements is introduced, which is identified with the glass softening range.     

Thermally Stimulated Currents in Sodium Silicate Glasses

Sodium-ion motion in three sodium silicate glasses and a sodium aluminosilicate glass was investigated by the thermally stimulated polarization (TSPC) and depolarization (TSDC) current techniques. The two TSDC peaks found in the sodium silicate glasses were attributed to localized sodium-ion movement around a nonbridging oxygen ion, a type of dipolar orientational polarization, and to a longer-range sodium motion leading to interfacial polarization at the immiscible phase boundaries. The high-temperature background (HTB) current corresponded to the sodium motion for dc conductivity and diffusion. The commonly observed dc absorption current was found to be related to the two TSDC peaks.     

硅酸钠模数测定方法的探究

详细阐述了硅酸钠中氧化钠和二氧化硅含量测定的理论依据,在分析和总结现阶段测定二氧化硅含量存在问题的基础上,提出了改进的方法。通过采用过饱和氟化钠溶液,酸度计监测滴定终点的实验准确测定了二氧化硅含量,进而提高了硅酸钠模数测定的准确性和重复性。     

Calculation of Oxygen Ion Activities in Sodium Silicate and Sodium Borate Melts

Activity data were calculated using the previously reported results for the variation of oxygen ion activity with composition and the best available thermodynamic data for the heats of formation of sodium monoxide, carbon dioxide, and sodium carbonate. The results are discussed in the light of the data for other systems and recent concepts of the structure of melts.     

水玻璃复合材料应用研究的进展

水玻璃复合材料是一种利废、节能、低污染的绿色材料,在国家提倡的＂节能减排＂的新形势下,研究和应用水玻璃环境友好型材料必然会创造较好的市场效益。文中浅显论述了水玻璃的特性、改性、硬化机理和相应的应用领域。     

Electrolysis of Sodium Silicate Solutions Using Cation-Exchange Membranes

Abstract

The electrolysis of sodium silicate solutions was studied at various temperatures, current densities, and concentrations. By using a cation-exchange membrane, NaOH was recovered at high current efficiency in the cathodic compartment. Sodium silicate solutions in the anodic compartment were upgraded to products of higher SiO₂/Na₂O ratios. The deposition of silica on anodes strongly inhibits smooth operation during electrolysis, and a semibatch method is described to overcome this difficulty.