钢结构多目标优化设计研究

钢结构在各种荷找下的响应不同,钢结构的设计方案在实际使用中的效果也不相同。以往,在钢结构优化设计中,目标函数往往是单一的,这种优化设计虽然可行,但现代科技日益发展,工程结构更加复杂化,单目标优化已经不能满足结构设计的需要．往往需要以多个目标为目标函数进行优化设计。应用有限元分析技术和多目标优化设计方法理论,较系统地对钢结构进行多目标优化设计研究。     

多层钢结构模块与钢框架复合建筑结构设计分析

在建筑工程中,为了更好地满足施工需求,就需要使用多层钢结构模块和钢框架复合建筑结构的方式,同时根据模块的尺寸大小限制情况对建筑结构体系进行优化,以便有利于确保结构的安全性.文章主要就多层钢结构模块与钢框架复合建筑结构设计进行探讨.     

多层钢结构住宅的研究

本文介绍了多层钢结构住宅在结构、建筑、设备等方面的设计和研究；对试点工程进行经济分析；对钢结构住宅发展的思考。     

多层民用建筑钢结构的设计

结合二项工程设计实例,经多方案的分析比较,探讨了多层民用建筑钢结构的结构体系,为类似建筑物结构方案的确定提供了可靠的设计依据。     

我国多层钢结构住宅的发展动态

分析了我国钢结构住宅的发展现状及优势 ,并结合国内几个典型的工程实例 ,对钢结构的应用作了进一步的阐述 ,提出了多层钢结构住宅发展的一些建议     

某多层智能电器制造钢结构厂房优化设计过程中的造价分析

为了满足业主对于建筑的使用需求以及工程的投资需求,设计人员需要不断进行建筑结构优化。论文结合某多层智能电器制造厂工程,主要从钢柱截面和梁柱截面进行了厂房主钢构的优化分析,同时对围护结构进行优化分析,对比分析工程优化前后的造价,并对多层钢结构厂房的优化设计进行总结。     

多层钢结构工业厂房结构设计

当今时代,伴随着社会在不断的向前发展和进步,在进行多层工业厂房设计的时候,一定要重视钢结构,这对于建筑行业的发展具有重要的意义。基于此,本文主要对多层钢结构工业厂房结构设计进行了简单的分析。     

多层钢结构安装施工技术

结合工程实践，介绍了多层钢结构安装施工技术，从多层钢结构安装施工、工艺流程等方面进行了论述，通过实践证明，钢结构具有强度高，重量轻，抗震性能好，施工速度快等优点。     

多层钢结构工业厂房结构设计

当前,很多工程在施工过程中,都采用钢结构而不是传统的铁质材料.介绍了多层钢结构工业厂房的基本特点,指出了多层钢结构工业厂房在结构设计上的不足.最后,阐述了多层钢结构工业厂房结构设计的相关要点,希望能为相关设计人员提供参考.     

某大型多层商贸中心人员疏散设计

分析了我国现行规范与实际需求的矛盾,通过性能化防火设计的方法解决实际案例的疏散设计问题,说明了用性能化防火设计方法解决大型多层商贸中心人员疏散设计的可行性。     

基于稳定理论的单斜式桁架优化设计

单斜式平行弦型钢桁架在实际工程中应用广泛,当跨度、荷载及材料、杆件截面形式一定时,桁架的用料及造价取决于腹杆的倾角。钢结构设计规范规定α角取值在[30°6,0°],但在设计中,α角究竟取何值才能使桁架用料最省、造价最低,对这个问题,至今理论上还没有明确的结论。本文针对该问题进行了研究,讨论了此类桁架结构参数的优化设计问题。在满足结构的强度及稳定条件的基础上,利用压杆稳定设计直接法建立优化设计的数学模型,使用数值方法进行求解,得出了α角最优值计算公式。通过算例分析进一步证明了本文结论的可靠性,为此类桁架结构的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

周期与层间位移角双约束条件下超高层结构优化设计方法

基于地震作用下层间位移角和一阶周期对构件材料成本的敏感性系数计算公式的推导,提出了双约束条件下结构优化组合排序法。结合一两层平面框架算例,分别采用建议公式和等增量敏感性分析方法计算了设计约束对构件材料成本的敏感性系数,并进行了对比;以某超高层结构为研究对象,采用提出的计算公式和组合排序法对结构进行了敏感性分析和结构优化。结果表明：采用建议的计算公式和等增量敏感性分析方法得到的敏感性系数较吻合,说明建议公式具有较高的准确性;采用组合排序法进行双约束条件下的结构优化时,当控制每组构件材料成本变化量不超过10%时,设计约束对构件材料成本的敏感性系数可认为是不变量;在初始优化阶段,设计约束改变较慢,当不敏感构件组的构件优化完成后,主要改变较敏感构件组的构件,使设计约束加速收敛至限值;优化过程中出现了最大层间位移角所在楼层交替变化的情况,可采用比规范更加严格的限值来进行结构优化,从而保证实际的设计约束条件满足规范限值要求。     

Optimal design of steel portal frames based on genetic algorithms

As for the optimal design of steel portal frames, due to both the complexity of cross selections of beams and columns and the discreteness of design variables, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results by traditional optimization. Based on a set of constraints of the Technical Specification for Light-weighted Steel Portal Frames of China, a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization program for portal frames, written in MATLAB code, was proposed in this paper. The graph user interface (GUI) is also developed for this optimal program, so that it can be used much more conveniently. Finally, some examples illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the genetic-algorithm-based optimal program.     

Optimal lateral stiffness design of tall buildings of mixed steel and concrete construction

This paper presents an optimal sizing technique for the lateral stiffness design of tall steel and concrete buildings. The minimum structure cost design problem subject to lateral drift constraints is first mathematically formulated and then solved by a rigorously derived Optimality Criteria (OC) method. The emphasis is particularly placed on the practical applicability of the optimization technique in engineering practice. Once the structural form of the lateral load resisting system of a building is defined, the optimal steel and concrete element sizes are then sought while satisfying all serviceability lateral stiffness and practical sizing requirements. The effectiveness and practicality of the optimization technique is illustrated through an actual application to the preliminary design of an 88‐storey building in Hong Kong. When complete, the building will be 420 m tall and will become the tallest building in Hong Kong. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimal design of steel portal frames based on genetic algorithms

As for the optimal design of steel portal frames, due to both the complexity of cross selections of beams and columns and the discreteness of design variables, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results by traditional optimization. Based on a set of constraints of the Technical Specification for Light-weighted Steel Portal Frames of China, a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization program for portal frames, written in MATLAB code, was proposed in this paper. The graph user interface (GUI) is also developed for this optimal program, so that it can be used much more conveniently. Finally, some examples illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the genetic-algorithm-based optimal program.     

Optimal design of active TMD for buildings control

Active TMD were previously designed assuming the structural parameters of the optimal passive TMD. However, the active control technique introduces to both the building and the TMD an active stiffness and active damping which change the structural parameters of the controlled structure. This paper presents a process for designing optimal active TMD for tall building control. It shows that the relationship between the first mode natural frequency of the building and the natural frequency of the tuned mass damper depends completely on the required degree of control in the building. A numerical example for a tall building subjected to stationary random wind forces is given.     

基于性能的钢结构抗震设计方法研究

随着人们对大型复杂工程抗震设计要求的不断提高,基于性能的抗震设计方法将成为未来工程抗震领域的新趋势。该方法综合考虑地震风险水平、项目投资能力、建筑的功能和重要性等因素,采取不同的抗震结构体系和方法来分析、评估结构的抗震能力。Pushover分析法、增量动力分析法、蚁群优化法等算法的应用,使基于性能的钢结构抗震设计更加精确合理。     

Optimal tree design for daylighting in residential buildings

Urban reforestation is advocated as an efficient countermeasure to the intensification of urban heat islands. The greening and beautification of residential quarters is one of the main concerns of residents, while lighting and ventilation are two main energy-consuming building services. Hence, the tree layout in green space between buildings is important, and it is necessary to determine the relationships between trees and buildings. This study takes Shanghai as a case study to optimize tree design between residential buildings and meet good daylighting requirements. Models were made using software such as AutoCAD and SketchUp. The relationships between maximum tree height and building separation were determined. For the same building layout, there were different tree height limits according to crown shape; the order of decreasing height limits was cylindrical, conical, spherical, and inverted conical crowns. Three cases having different green space between building layouts were studied. Their maximum tree heights differed. Overall, our model helps us realize good daylighting of a building environment. The formula allows us to determine which trees to plant between buildings in that we can predict the effects of future tree growth on building daylighting.     

高强超薄壁冷弯型钢低层住宅抗震设计方法

结合国内外已完成的冷弯薄壁型钢龙骨式复合墙体静力和动力试验研究成果,提出了冷弯薄壁型钢复合墙体的骨架曲线和恢复力模型。基于已经完成的屈服强度550 MPa高强超薄壁冷弯型钢足尺结构模型振动台试验,对结构在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的抗震分析方法进行了对比。结果表明：多遇地震作用下结构的弹性分析可采用底部剪力法、反应谱法和弹性时程分析法;罕遇地震作用下结构分析可采用静力非线性（推覆）分析和非线性时程分析法。依据GB 50011-2010《建筑抗震设计规范》的基本规定,提出了低层冷弯薄壁型钢龙骨体系结构的抗震设计实用方法建议。