Revyu: Linking reviews and ratings into the Web of Data

Revyu is a live, publicly accessible reviewing and rating Web site, designed to be usable by humans whilst transparently generating machine-readable RDF metadata for the Semantic Web, based on user input. The site uses Semantic Web specifications such as RDF and SPARQL, and the latest Linked Data best practices to create a major node in a potentially Web-wide ecosystem of reviews and related data. Throughout the implementation of Revyu design decisions have been made that aim to minimize the burden on users, by maximizing the reuse of external data sources, and allowing less structured human input (in the form of Web 2.0-style tagging) from which stronger semantics can later be derived. Links to external sources such as DBpedia are exploited to create human-oriented mashups at the HTML level, whilst links are also made in RDF to ensure Revyu plays a first class role in the blossoming Web of Data. In this paper we document design decisions made during the implementation of Revyu, discuss the techniques used for linking Revyu data with external sources, and outline how data from the site is being used to infer the trustworthiness of reviewers as sources of information and recommendations.     

Growing triples on trees: an XML-RDF hybrid model for annotated documents

Since the beginning of the Semantic Web initiative, significant efforts have been invested in finding efficient ways to publish, store, and query metadata on the Web. RDF and SPARQL have become the standard data model and query language, respectively, to describe resources on the Web. Large amounts of RDF data are now available either as stand-alone datasets or as metadata over semi-structured (typically XML) documents. The ability to apply RDF annotations over XML data emphasizes the need to represent and query data and metadata simultaneously. We propose XR, a novel hybrid data model capturing the structural aspects of XML data and the semantics of RDF, also enabling us to reason about XML data. Our model is general enough to describe pure XML or RDF datasets, as well as RDF-annotated XML data, where any XML node can act as a resource. This data model comes with the XRQ query language that combines features of both XQuery and SPARQL. To demonstrate the feasibility of this hybrid XML-RDF data management setting, and to validate its interest, we have developed an XR platform on top of well-known data management systems for XML and RDF. In particular, the platform features several XRQ query processing algorithms, whose performance is experimentally compared.     

Atlas: Storing, updating and querying RDF(S) data on top of DHTs

The RDF(S) data model has been proposed for encoding metadata about Web resources. As more and more Web resources are annotated using RDF(S), there is an urgent need for efficiently dealing with this large volume of data. In this paper, we present Atlas, a peer-to-peer system for storing, updating and querying RDF(S) data. The Atlas system has been built using the distributed hash table Bamboo. Atlas was developed in the context of project OntoGrid, where it was used as a distributed repository for RDF(S) metadata describing Grid services and resources. The development of Atlas continues in other projects that our group participates currently. This paper gives an overview of the most recent version of Atlas and discusses a representative application.     

基于分布RDF(S)模型的信息查询与集成

在Web应用环境中,可以通过RDF(S)形式描述企业领域内分布信息资源的语义,以提高信息查询的准确性.提出了描述分布异构RDF(S)的分布RDF(S)模型,并基于这一模型给出了实现分布RDF(S)查询的方法,此查询方法既能实现实例层次的查询,也能实现概念层次的查询.基于这一方法,用户能够以统一的形式来查询,获取相关的信息资源,同时还可以实现分布RDF(S)的集成.     

面向智能搜索引擎的本体学习研究*

智能搜索引擎是解决当前网络信息检索中存在诸多瓶颈问题的有效途径。智能搜索引擎需要获取、预处理、表示和集成不同层次的(如HTML/XML/RDF/OWL文档)的数据和信息,并最终转换成各领域的智能语义信息。领域本体是实行智能的关键。提出了一种实现从Web文档中(半)自动构建本体的学习系统框架,并讨论本体学习中概念的获取、相互关系的获取等关键问题。     

应用于电子商务的语义Web核心语言分析

到目前为止已有多种基于语义Web的语言,这些语言实现了基于Web的知识表示、共享和重用。重点分析了语义Web的几种语言：XML规范簇、RDF、RDF Schema、DAML OIL。在此基础上给出了语义Web技术的重要应用——电子商务中核心语言的分层结构。该结构中XML规范簇完成了数据描述功能,RDF用于描述元数据,RDF Schema提供了基本的本体原语,DAML OIL提供了推理功能,利用这些语言,可以实现电子商务中数据描述的统一性、通用性及互操作性。     

A mobile query service for integrated access to large numbers of online semantic web data sources

From the Semantic Web’s inception, a number of concurrent initiatives have given rise to multiple segments: large semantic datasets, exposed by query endpoints; online Semantic Web documents, in the form of RDF files; and semantically annotated web content (e.g., using RDFa), semantic sources in their own right. In various mobile application scenarios, online semantic data has proven to be useful. While query endpoints are most commonly exploited, they are mainly useful to expose large semantic datasets. Alternatively, mobile RDF stores are utilized to query local semantic data, but this requires the design-time identification and replication of relevant data. Instead, we present a mobile query service that supports on-the-fly and integrated querying of semantic data, originating from a largely unused portion of the Semantic Web, comprising online RDF files and semantics embedded in annotated webpages. To that end, our solution performs dynamic identification, retrieval and caching of query-relevant semantic data. We explore several data identification and caching alternatives, and investigate the utility of source metadata in optimizing these tasks. Further, we introduce a novel cache replacement strategy, fine-tuned to the described query dataset, and include explicit support for the Open World Assumption. An extensive experimental validation evaluates the query service and its alternative components.     

SECO: mediation services for semantic Web data

SECO (semantic collaboration), an infrastructure that lets agents uniformly access data that is potentially scattered across the Web is described. The SECO system provides mediation services that aggregate, integrate, and display RDF data obtained from the semantic Web. Using a crawler, SECO collects the RDF data available in files and uses RDF repositories as data sources. SECO applies semantic Web technologies to RDF data by combining techniques from information retrieval and semistructured databases.     

基于元数据与Z39.50的分布协作式Web信息检索

Web上大量的异质、分布、动态的信息造成了“信息过载”.如何有效地为用户提供Web信息检索已经成为一项重要的研究课题.Web搜索引擎部分地解决了信息检索问题,然而其效果却远远不能令人满意.提出了Web信息检索的分布协作策略以取代传统的集中式信息检索方式;给出了一种新的Web信息检索系统模型,该模型支持对Web文档的元数据进行检索,并采用Z39.50协议作为接口标准,以克服不同信息检索系统之间的访问异构性.在此基础上,设计了一个分布协作式Web信息检索框架,用以帮助用户有效地进行Web信息检索.     

Retrieving and semantically integrating heterogeneous data from the Web

Building Finder uses semantic Web technologies to integrate different data types from various online data sources. The application's use of the RDF and RDF data query language makes it usable by computer agents as well as human users. An agent would send a query, expressed in terms of its preferred ontology (schema), to a system that would then find and integrate the relevant data from multiple sources and return it using the agent's ontology. We discuss about retrieving and semantically integrating heterogeneous data from the Web.     

Distributed and cooperative information retrieval on the World Wide Web

A masss of heterogeneous,distributed and dynamic information on the World Wide Web(the Web) has resulted in “information overload“ .It‘s an important and urgent reserach issue to provide users with effective information retrieval service on the Web.Web search enginees attempt to solve this problem,yet their effect is far from satisfying.In this paper,a distributed and cooperative strategy for information retrieval on the Web is proposed to substitute the centralized mode adopted by the current search engines.Then a new information retrieval system model IRSM is presented.which supports the retrieval of metadata about web documents and uses Z39.50 standard protocol to unify the heterogeneous interfaces of uments and uses Z39.50 standard protocol to unify the heterogeneous interfaces of different systems.Based on that,a distributed and cooperative information refieval framework,called DCIRF,is designed to help users in fast and effective information retrieval on the Web.     

地学元数据结构分析及其管理系统设计

在分析了地学数据的Web共享需求及其多学科特点基础上,设计了地学数据的可扩展元数据结构,它包括地学核心元数据、模式核心元数据、模式(专用)扩展元数据等三层体系,并利用W3C推荐的RDF/XML数据模型和方法开发了地学数据共享平台的元数据管理系统(MMS)。该系统的应用验证了地学数据共享元数据构架体系的可靠性和适用性。     

多元数据携带工具RDF的探讨

元数据的使用对网络信息约组织、挖掘、检索和利用十分有益,RDF的引入使得多种元数据共荣共存.本文通过介绍元数据、RDF的一些基本概念与RDF数据模型,描述了RDF应用的广阔前景.