基于VPVM永磁同步电机无传感器控制策略的研究

贴面式永磁同步电机的无传感器控制在低速和静止时一直存在着转子位置难以检测和估算的问题,本文针对该情况提出了一种新的无传感器控制策略。转子初始位置检测是根据定子铁心的非线性磁化特性,采用电压脉冲矢量注入法（VPVM）。这种方法不需要电机参数和额外的硬件设施.电机开始运行时,由闭环自适应磁通观测器估算转子位置、速度.通过MATLAB仿真,从理论上验证了该方法的有效性。     

贴面式永磁同步电机无传感器控制策略的研究

贴面式永磁同步电机(Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,简称SPMSM)的无传感器控制在低速和静止时一直存在难以检测和估算转子位置的问题,针对该情况提出了一种新的无传感器控制策略。转子初始位置检测是根据定子铁心的非线性磁化特性,采用电压脉冲矢量法(Voltage Pulse Vector Method,简称VPVM)。此方法无需电机参数及额外的硬件设施,当电机开始运行时,由闭环自适应磁通观测器估算转子位置、速度。利用TMS320F240搭建的硬件实验平台,验证了该方法的有效性。     

永磁直线同步电机的双滑模观测器的设计

针对永磁同步直线驱动系统中存在双时间尺度特性,利用奇异摄动理论将永磁直线驱动系统分解成快变、慢变子系统,对快、慢变子系统分别设计了滑模位置观测器和滑模速度观测器。通过这两个观测器可以只利用便于测量的定子电流和电压来估计永磁直线同步电动机的磁极位置和线速度,消除了传统上使用位置和速度传感器所带来的诸多不利。仿真结果表明,所设计的双滑模观测器不仅能准确地估计磁极位置和线速度,实现无传感器控制,而且在系统模型存在不确定性和测量噪声时仍具有较好的鲁棒性。     

一种用于感应电机控制的新型滑模速度观测器研究

提出一种新颖的用于感应电机控制的滑模速度观测器。与传统的滑模速度观测器相比,此观测器具有结构简单、新颖、易于实现的特点,且有效消除了在无速度传感器的电机控制系统中,运用滑模观测器所固有的高频速度抖动现象。该观测器利用电压和电流信号构成观测器估计电机转速、转子磁通值及转子磁通位置,其理论的正确性由李雅普诺夫理论证明。将其运用于采用磁场定向矢量控制方法的无速度传感器感应电机控制系统,实验证明在整个调速范围内都取得了良好的效果,系统具有良好的稳态精度及动态响应性能。     

一种永磁同步电机宽速域无传感器系统的控制策略

设计了一种改进型滑模观测器(SMO)实现永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器宽速域控制。使用反电动势观测器替代低通滤波器,避免了转子位置信息滞后的问题。在定子电流计算中引入随转速自适应调节反馈系数的反电动势反馈,减小了系统抖振,使宽速域下转子转速和位置估计更加精确。采用锁相环技术(PLL)来抑制高频信息,提取出准确的转子位置。基于d SPACE搭建了PMSM的快速控制原型试验平台,对无传感器控制系统进行了稳态和动态试验,结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

Adaptive sliding mode observer for induction motor using two-time-scale approach

This paper presents an original method for the design of a robust adaptive sliding mode current and flux observer for induction motor drive using two-time-scale approach. This approach, based on the singular perturbation theory, decomposes the original system of the observer error dynamics into separate slow and fast subsystems of lower dimensions and permits a simple design and sequential determination of the observer gains. For the proposed observer, the rotor speed signal is assumed to be available. The stator currents and rotor flux are observed on the stationary reference frame using sliding mode concept, and the adaptive rotor time-constant is derived from Lyapunov stability theory using measured and estimated currents and estimated rotor flux. The control algorithm is based on the indirect field-oriented sliding mode control to keep the machine field oriented. The control-observer scheme seeks to provide asymptotic tracking of speed and rotor flux in spite of the presence of an uncertain load torque and unknown value of the rotor resistance. The effectiveness of this control algorithm has been successfully verified through computer simulations.     

Adaptive sliding-mode observer for speed-sensorless control ofinduction motors

This paper presents an adaptive sliding-mode observer for the speed-sensorless field-oriented control of induction motors. The observer detects the rotor flux components in the two-phase stationary reference frame by the motor electrical equations. The motor speed is estimated by an additional relation obtained by a Lyapunov function. The analytical development of the sliding observer and the speed estimation algorithm is fully explained. Experimental results are presented, based on a TMS320F240 digital signal processor controller implementation. The system performance with different observer gains and the influence of the motor parameters deviations are shown and discussed     

基于变趋近律滑模反电动势观测器的BLDCM无位置传感器控制

无刷直流电机（BLDCM）驱动系统应用于多电/全电航空飞行器,为电动燃油泵、冷却泵和电动刹车等提供动力输出。为满足BLDCM在复杂的电磁干扰以及极端温度等特殊环境工作的要求,提出了基于变结构控制策略的滑模反电动势观测器实现电机无位置传感器控制。使用变趋近律代替了传统滑模反电动势观测器的固定增益,并通过锁相环(PLL)得到电机转子位置和转速信息。仿真结果表明该方法可以有效抑制反电动势观测值的抖振,实现电机在中高速段的稳定运行,满足系统的快速性和鲁棒性要求。     

Implementation of a closed loop sliding mode observer for speed sensorless control of an indirect field oriented induction motor drives

A new sliding mode flux and speed observer is proposed for indirect field oriented induction motor drive system. The error between the actual and observed currents converges to zero, which guarantees the accuracy of the flux observer. The rotor speed and the rotor time constant are estimated based on the estimated stator currents and rotor flux. The estimated rotor time constant is used in slip calculation and observer structures. The estimated speed is used as feedback to the speed regulation. Simulation and experimental results of the speed control verify the validity of the proposed speed estimation algorithm.     

Robust sliding mode control and flux observer for induction motor using singular perturbation

This paper proposes a sequential methodology for designing a robust adaptive sliding mode observer for an induction motor drive using a two-time-scale approach. This approach is based on the singular perturbation theory. The two-time-scale decomposition of the original system of the observer error dynamics into separate slow and fast subsystems permits a simple design and sequential determination of the observer gains. In the proposed method, the stator currents and rotor flux are observed on the stationary reference frame using the sliding mode concept. The control algorithm is based on the indirect field oriented sliding mode control with an on-line adaptation of the rotor resistance to keep the machine field oriented. The control–observer scheme seeks to provide an asymptotic tracking of speed and rotor flux in spite of the presence of an uncertain load torque and an unknown value of rotor resistance. The validity for practical implementation has been verified through computer simulations.     

用于PMSM无位置传感器控制的滑模观测器的设计与仿真

根据永磁同步电机的数学模型,设计出一个滑模状态观测器,用于估算电机转子位置和速度并推导其状态方程,对其稳定性进行了分析。并且对此系统进行了Matlab仿真,仿真结果表明,该方法对电机参数变化不敏感,具有较强的鲁棒性。滑模变结构状态观测器能够在较广速度范围内追踪转子实际位置,实现对转轴位置的观测,从而实现了永磁同步电机的无传感器的控制。     

同步旋转坐标系下的BLDCM滑模观测器算法设计

为了实现无位置传感器无刷直流电机(BLDCM)矢量控制系统中电机转子位置的准确估计,提出了一种基于同步旋转坐标系的滑模观测器算法。该方法直接在同步旋转坐标系中设计滑模观测器,以获取电机反电动势信息,再通过锁相环技术从估计的反电动势中提取电机转子的速度和位置角度信息。针对滑模观测器的高频抖振问题,采用饱和函数代替滑模观测器的符号函数。最后,通过仿真将所提算法与传统滑模观测器算法对比,并对所提算法进行实验验证。仿真与实验结果表明该算法能够准确跟踪转子的速度和位置,验证了所提算法的正确性与可行性。     

基于变结构控制的无传感器交流伺服系统研究

为了取消永磁同步电机控制中的机械传感器,获得矢量控制中需要的电机转速和位置信息,设计了一种基于变结构控制的永磁同步电机转速和转子位置估算方法。选取定子固定坐标系下定子电流及电机感应电动势为状态变量,定子电压和电流作为输入、输出量,建立估算电机转速和转子位置的自适应滑模观测器系统。通过观测电机感应电动势来估计电机转子位置和转速,并结合扩展的卡尔曼滤波对电机感应电动势进行滤波。实验结果表明带有扩展的卡尔曼滤波的滑模观测器具有良好的动态性能,对被控对象的参数变化和扰动有很强的鲁棒性。     

基于传感器集成概念的永磁同步电机转子位置检测

在分析高频信号激励下永磁同步电机数学模型的基础上,提出了一种基于电机凸极跟踪的转子位置估算自检测方法;讨论了利用高频信号注入、外差法及转子位置跟踪观测器等转子位置检测原理,并应用这种位置检测方法建立了永磁同步电机无位置传感器矢量控制系统的仿真模型。仿真研究表明,上述凸极跟踪方法能在永磁同步电机全速范围(包括零速和极低转速)准确地观测出转子的位置,是一种基于传感器与电机集成概念的无传感器交流调速系统,具有较好的静、动态性能。     

A robust sliding mode flux and speed observer for speed sensorless control of an indirect field oriented induction motor drives

In this paper a new sliding mode flux and speed observer is proposed for indirect field oriented induction motor drive system. The error between the actual and observed currents converges to zero, which guarantees the accuracy of the flux observer. The rotor speed and the rotor time constant are estimated based on the estimated stator currents and rotor flux. The estimated rotor time constant is used in slip calculation and observer structures and the estimated speed is used as feedback to the speed regulation. Computer simulation and experimental results of the speed control verify the validity of the proposed speed estimation algorithm. The experimental results show the robustness and performance of the proposed observer structure. Experimental results have been realized without load, with load and with external disturbances.     

基于非线性观测器的永磁同步电机位置估计算法研究

为提高表贴式永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制中转子位置和速度的估计精度,提出了一种改进型非线性观测器。通过重构非线性观测器的数学模型,构建了误差方程,利用Lyapunov理论对误差方程进行了稳定性分析。并基于稳定性条件提出了一种误差项步长优化方法,实现了非线性观测器的步长增益自调节。仿真与试验结果表明,改进型非线性观测器具有良好的动态性能,验证了其可行性。     

内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的在线辨识

在无速度传感器工作条件下,为了实现永磁同步电机转子位置和转速的精确控制,需要对电机参数进行在线辨识。本文研究了无速度传感器控制条件下,内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的辨识。该调速系统采用转子磁链定向的矢量控制作为基本的控制策略,利用模型参考自适应系统对转子位置和转速进行估算,提出了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器的永磁同步电机永磁磁链辨识方法。本文基于上述研究,实现了无速度传感器控制条件下,内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的在线辨识,采用上述方法能够很好地避免由于电机的低阶状态方程而引起的辨识问题。仿真和实验结果证明了该辨识方法的可行性与有效性,而且在模型参考自适应中采用辨识得到的磁链参数,能够大幅度降低转子位置的估算误差。     

基于ASMO的PMSM无传感器控制系统

针对永磁同步电机滑模控制策略中出现的抖振以及转子位置预估精度等问题,引入了基于静止坐标系的自适应滑模观测器代替传统的滑模观测器,用sigmoid函数代替传统sign函数,并且利用锁相环代替传统的反正切函数实现转速及转子位置估算。在理论研究和仿真验证的基础上,搭建了基于自适应滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无传感器伺服驱动系统的实验平台,结果证明了基于自适应滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无传感器伺服驱动系统的正确性和有效性。     

感应电机SSFOC自适应速度辨识

基于电压模型转子磁通估计,提出了一种模型参考自适应系统,实现了无速度传感器磁场定向控制(Speed Sensorless Field-Oriented Control,简称SSFOC)逆变器感应电机的速度控制。通过自适应电流观测器估计转子速度,并以其估计值代替磁场定向控制和速度控制中的真实速度。为了准确估计转子速度,同时辨识了电机转子电阻。该自适应系统是超稳定系统。驱动系统可工作在一个较宽的速度范围内。实验验证了该方案的有效性。     

Robust direct torque and flux control of adjustable speed sensorless induction machine drive based on space vector modulation using a PI predictive controller

A Direct torque and flux control design for a sensorless induction motor, following a Lyapunov-based stator flux observer is presented. In this control scheme, the torque error signal and the amplitude of the stator flux reference vector are delivered to a PI predictive controller. The predictive controller also uses information on the amplitude and position of the actual stator flux vector and measured stator currents to determine the voltage command vector for space vector modulation inverter. In addition, a conventional PI speed controller is used to generate the torque reference signal. Using the fifth order model of the three-phase induction machines in a stationary two axes reference frame, a nonlinear stator flux observer is developed in order to estimate the rotor speed, rotor and stator resistances simultaneously. The stability of this observer is proved by Lyapunov theory. It is shown that if the persistancy of excitation condition is satisfied, the estimated quantities converge to their real values. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by computer simulation and experimental results.