(1-x)TiO_2-xTa_2O_5薄膜的光学性能研究

TiO2-Ta2O5薄膜是较新颖的光学薄膜,由均匀混合的两种化合物薄膜材料作为膜料研制而成,本文采用离子辅助蒸发的方法,以不同配比的Ta2O5和TiO2混合物为初始膜料在K9玻璃上制备了TiO2-Ta2O5混合薄膜,并对其光学性能进行研究.实验结果表明,TiO2-Ta2O5薄膜在可见光范围内有较高的透射率,消光系数在10-3～10-4数量级,折射率在1.80～2.07范围内变化(550nm),是理想的光学镀膜材料.随着Ta2O5含量从0增加到20%,光学带隙从3.266eV单调增加到3.417eV,并用Kayanuma提出的模型解释了透射谱中吸收边的漂移现象.     

Optical constants of Mo x W1−x Se2 single crystal solid solutions

Single crystal solid solutions in the series Mo _x W_1−x Se₂ (0≤x≤1) have been studied by reflectivity measurements at oblique angles of incidence. The optical constants at a few wavelengths have been determined.     

The lithium intercalation process in the low-voltage lithium battery anode Li(1+x)V(1-x)O2

Lithium can be reversibly intercalated into layered Li(1+x)V(1-x)O(2) (LiCoO(2) structure) at ~0.1 V, but only if x>0. The low voltage combined with a higher density than graphite results in a higher theoretical volumetric energy density; important for future applications in portable electronics and electric vehicles. Here we investigate the crucial question, why Li cannot intercalate into LiVO(2) but Li-rich compositions switch on intercalation at an unprecedented low voltage for an oxide? We show that Li(+) intercalated into tetrahedral sites are energetically more stable for Li-rich compositions, as they share a face with Li(+) on the V site in the transition metal layers. Li incorporation triggers shearing of the oxide layers from cubic to hexagonal packing because the Li(2)VO(2) structure can accommodate two Li per formula unit in tetrahedral sites without face sharing. Such understanding is important for the future design and optimization of low-voltage intercalation anodes for lithium batteries.     

离子辅助蒸发(1-x)TiO2-(x)Ta2O5薄膜及其光学性能研究

采用离子辅助蒸发的方法，以不同配比的Ta2O5和TiO2混合物为初始膜料在K9玻璃上制备了TiO2-Ta2O5混合薄膜，并对其透射性能和光学常数进行研究。实验结果表明，薄膜在可见光范围内的平均透射率在82％以上，并随着Ta2O5含量的增加而增加；薄膜的折射率在1．80～2．07范围内变化（550nm）。对同-Ta2O5含量的薄膜来说，退火后TiO2薄膜和80TiO2—20Ta2O5薄膜的折射率较退火前提高，而90TiO2-10Ta2O5薄膜的折射率较退火前降低。     

Nanostructural control in solution-derived epitaxial Ce(1-x)Gd(x)O(2-y) films

A novel mechanism based on aliovalent doping, allowing fine tuning of the nanostructure and surface topography of solution-derived ceria films, is reported. While under reducing atmospheric conditions, non-doped ceria films are inherently polycrystalline due to an interstitial amorphous Ce(2)C(3) phase that inhibits grain growth, a high quality epitaxial film can be achieved simply by doping with Gd(3+) cations. Gd(3+) [Formula: see text] Ce(4+) substitutions within the lattice are accompanied by charge-compensating oxygen vacancies throughout the volume of the crystallites acting as an efficient vehicle to reduce the barrier for grain boundary motion caused by interstitial Ce(2)C(3). In this way, the original nanostructure is self-purified by pushing the amorphous Ce(2)C(3) phase towards the free surface of the film. Once a full epitaxial cube-on-cube oriented ceria film is obtained, its surface morphology is dictated by the interplay between faceting on low energy {110} and/or {111} pyramidal planes and truncation of those pyramids by (001) ones. The development of the latter requires the suppression of their polar character which is thought to be achieved by charge compensation between the dopand and oxygen along [Formula: see text] directions.     

Fe_x(In_2O_3)_(1-x)磁性颗粒膜的结构及光学性质

用射频溅射法制备了金属 /半导体 Fex(In2 O3) 1-x 颗粒膜。实验结果表明 :纳米尺度的Fe颗粒比较均匀地分布在非晶态母体In2 O3 中。退火可使In2 O3 晶化。该样品在室温下表现出超顺磁驰豫 ,符合Langevin方程。光学测量表明 :嵌Fe的磁性颗粒膜 ,其电子的带间跃迁由In2 O3 的直接跃迁变为间接跃迁 ,基本吸收边红移 ;随磁性增强 ,局域态尾变宽 ,带隙变窄     

(Sn1-x,Co2x)O2纳米粒子的制备及气敏性能研究

采用分析纯SnCl4·5H2O和NH3·H2O为主要原料,控制不同Co2 /Sn4 摩尔比,利用均匀共沉淀法制备了(Sn1-x,Co2x)O2纳米粉体样品,并以白云母为基片利用厚膜工艺制得气敏元件.对样品的结构、结晶性能和活性等分析发现,Co2 以类质同像的方式代替了SnO2晶格中的Sn4 ,并引起了M-O键长、晶胞参数和M-O八面体电价平衡的非均一性,进而提高了粉体活性及n型半导体性能.在不同浓度H2中元件气敏性能测试表明,Co2 的引入提高了SnO2的H2灵敏度.元件的灵敏度与H2浓度之间具有较好的线性关系.实验得到了制备(Sn1-x,Co2x)O2气敏材料的最佳Co2 /Sn4 摩尔比.     

Optical constants and crystal chemical parameters of Sc2W3O12

The refractive indices of Sc₂W₃O₁₂, measured at wavelengths of 435.8–643.8 nm, were used to calculate n_a = 1.7331, n_b = 1.7510, n_c = 1.7586 at λ = 589.3 nm and n_∞ values at λ = ∞ from a one-term Sellmeier equation. Mean refractive indices, 〈n_D〉, and mean dispersion values, 〈A〉, are, respectively, 1.7475 and 110 × 10^?16 m². Total electronic polarizabilities, α_obs, were calculated from n_∞ and the Lorenz–Lorentz equation. The unusually large difference between the observed polarizability of 28.415 Å³ and the calculated total polarizability α_T of 26.74 Å³ (Δ = +6.3%) is attributed to (1) a large M–O–W angle, and (2) a high degree of W 5d–O 2p and Sc nd–O 2p hybridization, where n signifies unspecified Sc d orbitals.     

Some physical studies on thexBeO(1 −x)V2O5 system

The results of X-ray analysis, electron microscope studies, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonanace and infrared absorption spectra performed on thexBeO(1 –x)V₂O₅ system are reported. These suggest that, unlike previous statements, V₂O₅-BeO does not form solid solutions.     

Morphology and magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductor 1D nanostructure Ni(x)Sn(1-x)O(2-delta)

SnO2 and Ni(x)Sn(1-x)O(2-delta) (x = 0.007-0.043) 1D nanostructures are fabricated using a catalyzer assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The morphology of the 1D nanostructure is sensitive to the fabrication conditions. As the Ar flux rate is decreased from 50 sccm to 40 sccm, the 1D nanostructure changes from nanowire to nanobelt. All of the Ni(x)Sn(1-x)O(2-delta) 1D nanostructures exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM). With the increasing x, magnetic moment per Ni ion increases at first, reaches a maximum of 3.33 microB in x = 0.025, then decreases. The results of annealing in vacuum and oxidizing atmospheres reveal that oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in introducing ferromagnetism, which implies that the origin of RTFM can be understood by the bound magnetic polaron model (BMP).     

Solid state studies on rare earth mixed oxide pyrochlores Er2(V1−x Fe x )4/3 W2/3O7

Complete series of solid solutions exist in the mixed oxide pyrochlore system, Er ₂ ³⁺ (V _1−x ³⁺ Fe _x ³⁺ )_4/3 W ₂ ^3/6+ O₇, with the crystal structure changing from cubic to rhombohedral atx=0·25. The compounds are semiconductors at 300 K exhibitingp- orn-type behaviour depending on the value ofx. The observed resistivity and Seebeck coefficient data as a function of temperature have been interpreted in terms of a hopping mechanism. Forms part of the Ph.D. Thesis to be submitted by MAS to IIT, Madras.     

Optical and Electrical Properties of V2O5 Gel-Based Thin Films

Inorganic Materials - Films of various thicknesses have been produced on silicon substrates via centrifugation of V2O5 gel, followed by vacuum annealing. The optical characteristics of the films...     

Optical properties of (Ge2)1−x (InP)x solid solutions

The optical properties of (Ge₂)_1?x (InP)_x solid solutions have been studied by means of ab initio calculations of the electron band structure performed using a self-consistent relativistic scalar full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method and the density functional theory within the framework of a local charge density approximation.     

(Ag2Se)1-x(Bi2Se3)x的热电性能研究

具有本征低晶格热导率的I-V-VI₂族三元硫属化合物在热电领域引起了广泛关注。AgBiSe₂作为这类化合物中少有的n型半导体, 成为一种有潜力的热电材料。本工作系统研究了AgBiSe₂的热电性能。基于Ag₂Se-Bi₂Se二元相图, 单相的(Ag₂Se)_1-x(Bi₂Se₃)_x的成分在x=0.4~0.62范围可调, 使得该材料载流子浓度具有可调性。结果表明, 通过组分调控获得了较宽范围的载体浓度1.0×10¹⁹~5.7×10¹⁹ cm^-3, 并基于声学声子散射的单一抛物带模型对其电传输性能进行了综合评估。本研究获得的最高载流子浓度接近理论最优值, 在700 K实现了最高ZT值0.5。本研究有助于深入理解AgBiSe₂的传输特性和决定热电性能的基本物理参数。     

Ultrasonic studies of (TeO2)50–(V2O5)50−x(TiO2)x glasses

New ternary tellurite glasses in the form (TeO₂)₅₀–(V₂O₅)_50−x(TiO₂)_x have been prepared. Both longitudinal and shear ultrasonic velocities were measured in different compositions of the glass system by using the pulse-echo method at 5 MHz frequency and at room temperature. The elastic properties of ternary telluirte glasses (TeO₂)₅₀–(V₂O₅)_50−x(TiO₂)_x were measured as a function of composition. The ultrasonic velocity data, the density, the calculated elastic moduli, micro-hardness, softening temperature, and Debye temperature depend on the glass composition. By calculating the number of network bonds per unit volume, the average stretching force constant, and the average ring size, information about the structure of the glass can be deduced. Comparison between the calculated and the experimental elastic moduli and Poisson's ratio have been carried out.     

Hydrothermal synthesis and photoluminescence of Eu(2-x)Sm(x)Sn2O7 (x = 0-2.0) nanophosphors

Eu(2-x)Sm(x)Sn2O7 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) solid solutions were successfully synthesized by a simple, mild hydrothermal process. The crystal structure, particle size, and chemical composition of the solid solutions were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy images reveal that all the products were cubic pyrochlore-type Eu(2-x)Sm(x)Sn2O7 nanocrystals with the diameter of approximately 20 nm. Due to efficient energy transfer from Sm3+ to Eu3+, the Eu(2-x)Sm(x)Sn2O7 (x = 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) nanocrystals exhibited strong 5D0 --> 7F1 photoluminescence emission of Eu3+. The dominant 5D0 --> 7F1 transition revealed good monochromaticity and low distortion of the Eu(2-x)Sm(x)Sn2O7 nanophosphors.     

Electronic structure studies of nanoferrite Cu(x)Co(1-x)Fe2O4 by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Pure and mixed cobalt copper ferrites are of great interest due to their widespread application in electronics and medicine. We report on the electronic structure of a nanoferrite Cu(x)Co(1-x)Fe2O4 (0.0 < or = x < or = 1.0) system studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These magnetic nanoferrites (average crystallite size approximately 31-43 nm) were synthesized by an auto combustion method and are characterized by high resolution X-ray diffraction and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements at the O K and Co, Cu, and Fe L-edges. The O K-edge spectra suggest that there is a strong hybridization between O 2p and 3d electrons of Co, Cu and Fe cations and Fe L3,2-edge spectra indicate that Fe ions coexist in mixed valence states (Fe3+ and Fe2+) at tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the spinel structure. Copper and cobalt ions are distributed in the divalent state in octahedral sites of the spinel structure. The origin of high saturation magnetization and coercivity in cobalt-copper ferrites are explained in light of these results.     

(Ba(x)La(1-x)(2))In(2)O(5+x) (0.4 < or = x < or = 0.6) electrolyte-supported mixed-potential CO sensors

The dense (Ba(x)La(1-x)(2))In(2)O(5+x) electrolytes with different compositions (x = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6) were synthesized by Pechini method. The obtained sintered (Ba(x)La(1-x)(2))In(2)O(5+x) electrolytes showed a high relative density of approximately 98%, and the major phase of three electrolyte compositions was indexed as a cubic phase. The CO sensing properties of as-fabricated planar-type (Ba(x)La(1-x)(2))In(2)O(5+x)-based sensors coupled with ITO and Pt as the sensing electrode and reference electrode, respectively, were investigated. The effects of factors such as gas flow rate, chemical compositions, and density of the electrolytes on the sensing performance were investigated. The sensors showed good sensitivity to different concentrations of CO from approximately 100 to approximately 500 ppm and excellent selectivity over low concentrations of methane (<500 ppm). Linear relationships between emf of the sensors and CO gas concentrations from approximately 100 to approximately 400 ppm were observed. However, the sensors indicated more sluggish response compared with the sensors coupled with a corresponding porous electrolyte. The probable reason has been discussed. The long-term stability of the sensor for the detection of CO was also investigated, which indicated a reasonably stable sensor signal after an initial decline during the incubation period.