抗菌石材

随着人类社会文明的不断进步，现代城市建设和发展离不开公共环境卫生的大力改善。因此，开发抗菌建材已成为一个重要的发展方向。近年来，世界上许多发达国家正大力研发新型抗菌建材，如抗菌墙地砖、抗菌卫生陶瓷、抗菌建筑涂料、抗菌壁纸、抗菌玻璃、抗菌人造大理石等，应用前景十分诱人。据海外文献报道，最近一种抗菌石材又研发成功。现就该     

抗菌建筑材料在住宅装修中的应用

阐述了抗菌建材的抗菌,杀菌,防霉机理。介绍了抗菌建材在国内外住宅装修中的应用情况,认为是住宅装修的首选材料。     

一类生态环境建材——抗菌防霉建材

人类的生存环境、居住空间受到环境污染和有害微生物的威胁,清洁、卫生、舒适的居住空间已成为人们的追求。因而抗菌建材作为一类生态环境功能建材,受到人们的青睐。本人介绍了可用于抗菌建材的各类无机抗菌材料及利用这些抗菌材料制作的一些不同类别的抗菌建材。     

抗菌建筑材料在住宅装修中的应用

阐述了抗菌建材的抗菌、杀菌、防霉机理。介绍了抗菌建材在国内外住宅装修中的应用情况 ,认为是住宅装修的首选材料。     

典型建材产品抗菌防霉性能对比及发展趋势浅析

抗菌防霉性能是功能建材产品的重要评价指标之一。本文概述了一系列具有抗菌防霉性能的涂料、木制品、陶瓷、塑料制品等建材产品的抗菌防霉性能,纵向比较了同类产品近5年的抗菌防霉性能变化趋势,横向比较了各产品的抗菌防霉性能差异。     

抗菌建筑材料在家庭装修中的应用

抗菌建材作为“绿色建材”的一种，它具有抗菌、杀霉、防霉等功效，能有效地防止哮喘、病毒性感冒、痢疾等疾病的发生，是家庭装修的首选材料。     

正确选购“抗菌”家居 抗菌建材要循“证”而行

最近，有关部门召开了有关“抗菌”建材的相关研讨会。一个是由中国抗菌材料及制品行业协会、中国科学院理化技术研究所抗菌检测中心、北京市质量技术监督局、国家人造板质量监督检验中心等机构举办的“分析抗菌材料现状与发展”研讨会，一个是中国抗菌材料及制品行业协     

建筑材料抗菌防霉检测技术现状

概述了国内外建材产品抗菌性能和防霉性能的常用检测方法,并介绍了常用标准的测试要点、应用范围及其优缺点,同时对建筑材料抗菌防霉测试过程中存在的问题和发展方向进行了总结。     

抗菌不锈钢

兼具结构、耐蚀和抗菌功能的抗菌不锈钢，通过了沈阳市科技局组织的科技成果鉴定。目前研制出的铁素体和奥氏体2种类型抗菌不锈钢，已在大连特钢公司进行了扩大试验，并试制出多种规格的抗菌不锈钢薄板、管材、铸件和焊接件。经检测，抗菌不锈钢对大肠杆菌、全黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭率均在99％，对其它细菌如白念珠菌、枯黑菌等也有显著的杀灭作用，显示了优良的广谱抗菌性和抗菌持久性。     

美国建造抗菌住宅

美国科学家设计建造出的一种能够把杀菌剂涂在墙壁和家具上,让各种细菌和霉菌难以藏身的抗菌住宅,最近正式落成于加得福尼亚州。这所共3层的抗菌住宅,共用去约9万公斤钢材,其中约1.6万公斤钢材为抗菌钢。所谓“抗菌钢”,就是带有抗菌化合物涂层的不锈钢和碳素钢。据设计人员说,这些抗菌钢能够有效防止霉菌和真菌的滋生。因此,这种材料主要用于制作橱柜、炊事用具和厨房天花板。人们在住宅中经常接触的门把手等物品用的也是抗菌钢。美国建造抗菌住宅     

抗霉菌型改性聚硫密封胶

抗霉菌侵蚀型改性聚硫密封胶主要用于PCCP、箱涵等管道密封,通过GB／T1741-2007规程,对聚硫密封胶、改性聚硫密封胶及添加YL-I型抗霉菌剂的改性聚硫密封胶的抗霉菌侵蚀能力进行了评价。结果表明,改性聚硫密封胶的抗霉菌侵蚀能力明显优于聚硫密封胶,而YL-I型抗霉菌剂对提高改性聚硫密封胶的抗霉菌侵蚀能力效果显著,且对密封胶本体力学性能和加工性能无不良影响。     

抗菌豆豉发酵菌株的筛选及其脂肽组分鉴定和特性研究

目的:从豆豉中分离广谱抗菌活性菌株,并鉴定其发酵产物中的抗菌成分。方法:采用生理生化实验结合16SrRNA序列测定法鉴定目标分离株,通过LC-MS和ESI/CID技术对其抗菌组分进行鉴定。结果:从8个豆豉样品中分离出7株具有抗菌活性菌株,其中抗菌活性较强的分离株NT-6为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),其发酵液抗菌提取物的主要成分是抗菌脂肽类物质iturin、fengycin、surfactin同系物的混合物。该提取物对供试革兰氏阳性、阴性细菌、霉菌等指示菌具有广谱的抗菌活性,在pH 2～12、121℃条件下加热30min活性不丧失,说明具有广泛的pH适应范围和良好的耐热性。结论:该菌株产生多组分抗菌脂肽,其抑菌谱宽,适应性好,显示了在食品、农业、医药等领域具有良好的应用前景。     

抗菌药物管控刻不容缓

细菌耐药已成为全球共同面临的严峻挑战。在我国,由于公众对抗菌药物的认识存在误区,抗菌药物不合理使用现象较为普遍,导致细菌耐药率升高,其中鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药率已上升至71. 4%。面对如此严峻的形势,加强对抗菌药物的管控迫在眉睫。随着政府相关部门对细菌耐药问题的重视及合理使用抗菌药的观念渐入人心,细菌耐药状况得到部分改善,如肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药性较稳定,大多<10%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率亦由69%降至38. 4%。未来仍需加强抗菌药物管控,继续采取有效措施,积极践行遏制细菌耐药行动,为实现健康中国的目标而奋斗。     

Antimicrobial activity of electrolyzed saline solutions

Electrolysis of solutions containing certain electrolytes, through the use of novel electrodes, produces significant levels of ozone, oxygen, and chlorine at the anode. The process works at ordinary temperatures, and with dilute solutions. These solutions, after electrolysis, can be much more effective, by a factor of several hundred, against microorganisms than solutions containing comparable hypochlorite solutions.     

抗菌肽在产业化养殖中的应用

抗菌肽广泛存在于自然界的生物体中,具有热稳定、水溶性好、广谱杀菌等优点,因此在近几年研究中备受重视。文章通过对抗菌肽的分类、结构特征、作用机制进行了概述,并详细阐述了抗菌肽在产业化养殖中的应用。     

虚拟现实技术在影视动画教学资源库中的应用分析

影视动画行业符合当代观众在精神消费上的追求,越来越受观众的欢迎,但是人们对于精神消费的要求越来越高,对影视动画的质量和品质的要求提高了很多。现在的影视动画教学资源库中,需要融入虚拟现实技术,所以虚拟现实技术在影视动画教学资源库中越来越常见,文章根据虚拟现实技术在影视动画教学资源库中的应用分析,阐述了虚拟现实技术的概念,运用于影视动画教学资源库的意义以及运用于影视动画教学的途径。     

Antimicrobial resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in sewage-contaminated rivers

Sewage-contaminated rivers are ecosystems deeply disturbed by human activity due to the release of heavy metals, organic pollutants and pharmaceuticals as well as faecal and pathogenic micro-organisms, which coexist with the autochthonous microbial population. In this study, we compared the percentage of resistance in faecal and heterotrophic bacteria in rivers with different degrees of sewage pollution. As a matter of fact, no correlation was found neither between the degree of sewage pollution and the percentage of antimicrobial resistant heterotrophic bacteria nor between the number of resistant faecal bacteria and that of resistant heterotrophic bacteria. Most of the resistant isolates from the Zenne river downstream Brussels were multi-resistant and the resistance patterns were similar among the strains of each phylogenetic group. The total microbial community in this polluted river (as evaluated through a 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis) appeared to be dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes while the phylum TM7 was the third most represented.     

天蚕素抗菌肽及其在动物生产中的应用

天蚕素抗菌肽具有提高动物生产性能、改善动物机体免疫力、维护动物肠道菌群平衡等多种生理功能。文章从天蚕素抗菌肽的来源、结构、作用机理、生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用入手,并对其存在的问题和发展前景进行分析。     

Antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators in municipal wastewater treatment plant

Antimicrobial resistance of fecal coliforms (n = 153) and enterococci (n = 199) isolates was investigated in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) based on activated sludge system. The number of fecal indicators (in influent and effluent as well as in the aeration chamber and in return activated sludge mixture) was determined using selective media. Susceptibility of selected strains was tested against 19 (aminoglycosides, aztreonam, carbapenems, cephalosporins, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, fluoroquinolones, penicillines, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) and 17 (high-level aminoglycosides, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, linezolid, lincosamides, nitrofuration, streptogramins, tetracycline) antimicrobial agents respectively. Among enterococci the predominant species were Enterococcus faecium (60.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis (22.1%), while remaining isolates belonged to Enterococcus hirae (12.1%), Enterococcus casseliflavus/gallinarum (4.5%), and Enterococcus durans (0.5%). Resistance to nitrofuration and erythromycin was common among enterococci (53% and 44%, respectively), and followed by resistance to ciprofloxacin (29%) and tetracycline (20%). The resistance phenotypes related to glycopeptides (up to 3.2%) and high-level aminoglycosides (up to 5.4%) were also observed. Most frequently, among Escherichia coli isolates the resistance patterns were found for ampicillin (34%), piperacillin (24%) and tetracycline (23%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli was detected once, in the aeration chamber. In the study the applied wastewater treatment processes considerably reduced the number of fecal indicators. Nevertheless their number in the WWTP effluent was higher than 10⁴ CFU per 100 ml and periodically contained 90% of bacteria with antimicrobial resistance patterns. The positive selection of isolates with antimicrobial resistance patterns was observed during the treatment processes. Substantial concern should be paid to the isolates resistant to 3 or more chemical classes of antimicrobials (MAR). In treated wastewater MAR E. coli and MAR enterococci constituted respectively 9% and 29% of tested isolates.     

HF-3KW抗微生物型改性聚硫防水密封胶的性能研究

采用自制有机高分子粉类K-001抗霉菌剂制备了HF-3KW抗微生物型改性聚硫防水密封胶,比较了不同K-001抗霉菌剂添加量时密封胶的抗霉菌性能及力学性能;得出:K-001抗霉菌剂能够显著提高聚硫防水密封胶的抗霉菌性能,且对其力学性能几乎没有影响.HF-3KW抗微生物型改性聚硫防水密封胶综合性能优越,防霉等级为0级.