油气回收技术在铁路装车过程中的应用

轻质油品在装车（船）、储存、运输、等过程中存在着挥发损耗，挥发的油气受到装载、储存方式、运输工具、气温等因素的影响。介绍了直接冷凝法、吸附法、吸收法、膜分离法等4种油气回收的方法，阐述了油气回收技术在铁路装车过程中的应用。     

溶剂吸收法油气回收设施在装车系统中的应用

对于炼油企业装车系统来讲,实现减少排放清洁生产,就是要减少油气的挥发及排放。要解决油品装车过程中的挥发及排放问题,装车油气回收是比较经济及有效的方法。文中简单探讨溶剂吸收法油气回收设施在油品装车系统中的应用。     

装车油气回收技术的研究

介绍了在装车过程中进行油气回收的必要性,重点对四种常用的油气回收技术:吸收法、吸附法、冷凝法、膜分离法,分别从各个技术的性质、工艺特点、能耗等几个方面进行了分析与讨论,并指出了各种油气回收技术目前存在的问题和今后的发展趋势,同时介绍低温油品吸收技术成功应用的实例,最后对装车油气回收提出了适用性建议,为油气回收技术的发展和推广应用提供技术参考,为环境保护及节能降耗提供有力的技术支撑。     

密闭装车技术在汽油火车装车中的应用

汽油在火车槽车装车时,会产生大量的汽油有机蒸汽,造成严重的油品蒸发损耗,影响油品质量,同时造成环境、安全等危害,因此需要对汽油油气回收。目前,油气回收有四种方法,即吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法、冷凝法。辽阳石化分公司炼油厂对汽油装车系统系统进行技术改造,即增设密闭装车和冷凝-膜耦合分离法油气回收系统。并对此系统带来的经济效益和社会效益进行分析和评定。     

仓储罐区油品装车油气回收工艺探讨

油品装车一般采用装车专用油气回收装置,本工艺采用罐车底部发油、冷凝+吸附+气相平衡的方法,将罐车、储罐的气相空间连通成一个气相系统,在装卸车台不需要单独建设油气回收装置,利用仓储罐区的罐组油气回收系统,分析评估装车油气回收工艺方案实施时的注意事项.结果表明平衡的气相无需油气回收,减少了低沸馏分二次挥发,降低了能耗,工艺...     

油库油气回收技术研究进展

石油库中的原油、成品油在储存、装卸过程中存在较为严重的油气挥发现象,油气挥发不但会造成能源浪费和环境污染,还会带来一定安全隐患,因此在油库中注重油气回收技术的进一步推进和优化凸显出重要意义。介绍了四种常见油气回收技术:活性炭吸附法、溶剂吸收法、冷凝法和膜分离法的原理,在对其进行优化比选的基础上得出从现有技术程度、设备可靠程度与综合减排指标来评价,活性炭吸附法最优。     

变温吸收法回收装车挥发气工艺研究及应用

对如何回收装车挥发气的方法进行了对比研究,着重介绍了变温吸收法在实际生产中的应用发挥的作用,确定了现有敞口装车挥发气的变温吸收法的回收工艺流程,同时还对轻烃装车部分工艺进行了改造,密闭装车系统和油气回收装置的投用,降低了装车过程中油气的挥发损耗,确保了油气回收率达到95％以上,经济效益十分明显。     

成品油储罐挥发气体回收系统研究

油气回收系统作为油库的配套工程,可有效降低油气挥发损耗率,提高油品品质,促进安全生产,减少环境污染。文章介绍了一套较为成熟的油气回收系统的工艺流程及油气膜分离技术。油气回收技术的应用将带来良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

油气回收技术的应用及展望

文章对比了吸收法、吸附法、冷凝法、膜分离法等四种油气回收技术的适用范围、技术难点以及应用现状,对我国油气回收存在的问题进行了分析,并针对我国油气回收的推行提出意见建议。     

油气回收技术现状研究及展望

成品油装车、船过程中，油气大量挥发。一方面造成了不可再生资源的浪费；另一方面造成了对周边环境的污染。应采用一种油气回收技术将挥发的油气收集起来，同时确保排放的尾气达到相关标准的要求。就目前比较成熟的油气回收技术进行分析，并进行对比，得出复合技术是油气回收未来的趋势。     

A solvent-resistance OTS/PDA/O-PASS composite membrane for water-in-oil emulsions separation

Water-in-oil emulsions separation plays a critical role in industrial wastewater treatment. Membrane technology has attracted much interest in water-in-oil emulsions separation field for its excellent separation performance and facile processing method. However, versatile membrane with better solvent-resistance is still absent in chemical industry. In this work, oxidized polyarylene sulfide sulfone (O-PASS) membrane was severed as substrate, on which a hydrophobicity surface was built via coating of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS). And polydopamine (PDA) layer was employed and acted as connector between OTS and O-PASS membrane due to its abundant active hydroxyl group. The maximum water contact angle was 132.6° indicating good hydrophobicity of the membrane. Finally, the OTS/PDA/O-PASS composite membranes showed good separation performance for corrosive emulsions: the rejection and flux were 93.0% and 10.0 L/m²h for water-in-dichloromethane emulsions, and the rejection and flux were 92.3% and 34.6 L/m²h for water-in-n-hexane emulsions. The OTS/PDA/O-PASS composite membrane is a new candidate membrane for water-in-oil emulsions separation. In addition, the superior performance of the composite membrane under harsh environment conditions ensures its usefulness in resistance aggressive solvent.     

膜分离技术在聚丙烯尾气回收中的应用

介绍了应用膜分离技术从聚丙烯尾气回收装置释放的不凝气中回收丙烯的情况。不凝气中丙烯的平均体积分数约68.67%,用膜分离系统从不凝气中回收丙烯,丙烯回收率可达90%。膜分离系统操作简单,占地少,经济效益明显。     

Modified zeolitic–midazolate framework 8/poly(ether‐block‐amide) mixed‐matrix membrane for propylene and propane separation

In this study, we fabricated a dual‐layer PES–poly(ether‐block‐amide) (PEBA) composite membrane that included zeolitic–midazolate framework 8 (ZIF‐8) particles and evaluated it for propylene and propane separation under pure and mixed feed conditions. To improve the performance, compatibility, and distribution of particles in the polymer matrix, the ZIF‐8 particles were modified by 3‐(triethoxysilyl) propyl amine (APTES) and 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl amine (APTMS) amino silane coupling agents. Particle modification did not have much effect on the structure and particle size and slightly reduced the membrane specific surface area. The modified particles tended to be in the soft section. At the high loading rate of modified particles, their appropriate compatibility increased the membrane gas permeability () and selectivity. APTES with the proper chain length compared with APTMS had a higher and the same selectivity. The best performance (by 32.1 gpu) was found in PES–PEBA–ZIF‐8–APTES 20%. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46273.     

CFD技术在油气分离器选型和设计中的应用

利用CFD数值模拟方法,气相采用RNGκ-ε湍流模型,油滴相采用随机轨道模型,对油气两相流在一次油份内的流动分布进行研究,分析油滴在分离器内的运动轨迹及分离机理。计算结果表明:油气分离器的长径比越大其分离效果越好;当入口速度较大时,增大分离器容积可提高分离效率;当入口速度较慢时,即使增大容积其分离效果也不会得到明显的改善;分离器入口速度越大分离效果越理想。在工程应用中,利用以上分析结论进行选型和尺寸设计的油气分离器可以满足实际要求,并取得理想的分离效果,同时验证了采用的方法切实可行。     

Enhanced gas separation performance of PSF membrane after modification to PSF/PDMS composite membrane in CO2/CH4 separation

Asymmetric polysulfone (PSF) membrane was developed and modified to PSF/polydimethylsiloxane (PSF/PDMS) composite membrane by dip coating technique. Effect of PDMS coating time on membrane properties was examined by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared, and water contact angle. The increase in PDMS coating time resulted in a decrement in the thermal strength of PSF membrane. Surface contact angle values revealed that increase in PDMS coating time had increased the surface hydrophobicity in membranes. CO₂/CH₄ separation performance of membranes was evaluated, and an increase in CO₂/CH₄ ideal selectivity was observed with the increase of PDMS coating time. At feed pressure of 10 bar, the selectivity of PSF has increased up to 65% after dip coating with PDMS for 30 min. Modification of polymeric membrane into composite membrane provided a way forward towards the enhancement of gas separation performance in polymeric membranes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45650.     

Separation of CO2/N2 Gas Mixture through Carbon Membranes: Monte Carlo Simulation

Abstract

Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to investigate separation behavior of gas mixture composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen through a model carbon membrane under the different conditions. The simulation gives insight into the separation mechanism to a certain extent, which is based on the loading and diffusion of carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the carbon membrane with different pore size. The simulation results indicate that the carbon dioxide can be adsorbed on the surface of membrane wall more strongly, whereas the diffusion rate of nitrogen is more prominent. When the separation condition alters, the influence of the two main factors mentioned above on transport of gas molecules in membranes becomes different. Therefore, the equilibrium selectivity of nitrogen and carbon dioxide changes correspondingly.     

膜技术在油气回收中的应用

文章首先介绍了油气分离膜的工作原理和分离过程特点,重点阐述了膜技术在油库、加油站和炼油厂等工业领域油气回收中的应用,同时介绍膜技术发展过程中注意的问题。     

Amine-impregnated natural zeolite as filler in mixed matrix membranes for CO2/CH4 separation

Flat mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising polysulfone and clinoptilolite-type natural zeolite were prepared by casting. Zeolite was modified with three alkylamines: ethanolamine (EA), bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHPA), and polyethylenimine (PEI) by the impregnation method. Impregnated zeolite samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption–desorption. The alkylamine loading extent determined by thermogravimetric analysis was 5.2, 4.8, and 8.5% for EA, BHPA, and PEI, respectively. Analyses of MMMs showed that the incorporation of impregnated zeolite affected the glass-transition temperature (T_g) and mixed-gas transport properties. In this regard, a decreasing trend of the T_g values from 185.5 °C for the polymeric membrane up to 176.6 °C for Clino-EA-based MMM was recorded. In addition, the gas separation performance was evaluated at two different feed pressures. At 50 psi, MMMs showed an enhancement up to 30% on the CO₂ permeability (22.79 Barrer) and 55% on the CO₂/CH₄ selectivity (45.78) in comparison with the polymeric membrane (CO₂ permeability 17.34 Barrer; CO₂/CH₄ selectivity 29.38). These values varied depending on the alkylamine, BHPA being the most selective. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48286.     

国内外膜分离法天然气脱水研究现状

分析阐述了国内外膜分离法天然气脱水的现状。与传统的天然气脱水方法相比,膜分离法天然气脱水在工作性能、经济效益等方面具有优势和竞争力。同时对发展中的膜分离天然气脱水法所面临的挑战和策略对策与措施等也进行了讨论。     

气体膜分离技术及应用

简要介绍了有关气体膜分离的基本原理、材料及其在氢气分离回收、空气分离和酸性气处理中的应用,并对气体膜分离的发展前景提出了自己的见解。