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新时代高等教育提出了着重培养创新型、复合型、应用型人才的要求。化工专业人才培养事关国民经济支柱,需要重点培养学生的工程思维、研究、应用型思维能力。传统的化工类课程存在教学内容抽象、教材内容枯燥、学习方式单一、课程素材不足的问题。此外,化工类专业课程具有概念抽象、公式繁多,推导过程复杂的特点,急需寻求新方法、新思路用于化工类课程的教学改革。因此,如何根据化工类课程的特点,丰富化工类课堂的内容,改进教学模式,创新培养模式,是一个亟待解决的关键问题。本文提出了如何通过建设化工素材库、创新教学方法、改革培养模式等手段,将化工素材库应用于化工专业课程的教学改革中,并获得了教学成效与相关经验。根据化工类课程的特点,建设一个完善的、可供教师互相交流使用的素材库,用于丰富化工类课堂的内容,改进教学模式,创新学生培养模式,是一个有利于化工课堂教学升级改革的工程。 相似文献
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针对我国化工企业的安全环保现状,本文分析了化工企业员工安全环保意识缺失的原因,提出了化工类高职高专院校着重培养学生安全环保素养的具体方法。 相似文献
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A. A. Konnov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2005,41(5):496-503
A simple phenomenological diffusive-thermal model of cellular instability of premixed flames of ternary mixtures is developed
and presented. The model shows that preferential diffusion can alter stoichiometry of the mixture, i.e., the ratio of the
fuel and oxidizer concentrations, and also its effective dilution by an inert. Key parameters of the model are estimated using
numerical modeling of burning velocities. Laminar burning velocities are calculated for hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen, methane-oxygen-nitrogen,
and propane-oxygen-nitrogen mixtures. Conditions for the appearance of cellular instability in ternary mixtures are determined
and compared with experiments. In good agreement with experimental observations, the diffusive-thermal instability is predicted
in hydrogen flames with equivalence ratios φ ≲ 1.45, in lean methane flames with φ ≲ 1.02, and in rich propane flames with
φ ≳ 1.03. The magnitude of the change in the local flame velocity due to preferential diffusion is evaluated. It is demonstrated
that nitrogen diffuses faster than oxygen in hydrogen-air and methane-air flames, while oxygen diffuses faster than nitrogen
in flames of propane and other heavier hydrocarbons. In mixtures of air with propane or heavier hydrocarbons, the transition
between stable and unstable regimes is predicted in mixtures that are leaner than the mixture corresponding to the peak of
the burning velocity curve, in agreement with experimental observations.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 14–22, September–October, 2005. 相似文献
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目的研究大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌的耐药性变迁。方法对2007~2009年临床分离的大肠埃希菌(645株)、肺炎克雷伯菌(260株)和阴沟肠杆菌(150株),采用纸片扩散法进行体外药敏测定,并依据美国临床实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,CLSI)规定的标准,分析3种肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性变迁。结果大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率均较高;对头孢他啶的耐药率低于头孢噻肟;与2007年比较,2008年和2009年对头孢吡肟的耐药率明显增长;未发现对亚胺培南耐药菌株的产生。结论细菌耐药性不断增强已成为临床治疗面临的重要难题,应从耐药监测、医院感染控制、合理使用抗生素等多方面努力,减少细菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
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Ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propane and neopentane have been pyrolyzed at 1173 K, and methane at 1372 K in a flow system, and the volatile pyrolysis products analyzed. Eleven aromatic hydrocarbons, containing 14 or fewer carbon atoms, accounted for 98 + % of the liquid products recovered in each case. Benzene was the main product, followed by naphthalene. No compounds with branched chains or multiple substituents were present, and compounds containing even numbers of carbons comprised 93–99% of each mixture. Acetylene was a major component of the gaseous effluent from each of the initial hydrocarbons. The effect of temperature on the composition of the gaseous effluent during pyrolysis of methane, ethane and ethylene was determined. Carbon film deposition from methane commenced at about 1273 K; from ethane at 1015 K and from ethylene at 1100 K, in each instance coinciding with the appearance of acetylene in the effluent. As the temperature was raised, at first the increase in the rate of carbon deposition closely followed the increase in the concentration of acetylene in the effluent. It is proposed that acetylene may be a common factor in the pyrolysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons, perhaps acting as the precursor of both surface carbon and aromatic hydrocarbons by a process of head-to-tail linkage of two-carbon units at active surface sites to form chains that then undergo dehydrogenation to carbon or cyclization and desorption as aromatic species. 相似文献
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将以往实验教学中分散的、孤立的关于阿司匹林方面的实验加以总结和进一步延伸,使其系列实验内容涉及知识面较广、较深,涵盖的基本技能操作较全面,使之达到培养学生的综合能力、创新能力及提高综合素质的一项综合性实验。 相似文献
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Precipitation of crystalline monophase nanopowders (50-100 nm in diameter) of stoichiometric binary orthophosphates of titanyl and alkaline metal in aqueous solutions has been studied. It has been shown that, in the formation of those powders, titanyl hydrophosphate can be used as a precursor. Rising temperature and alkaline ion concentration in the solution decrease the size of the powder grains, while elongating the exposure of the synthesized solid phase in the suspension increases grain sizes. An effective technique to synthesize fine-dispersed powders of monophase stoichiometric binary orthophosphates of titanyl and alkaline metal has been developed. 相似文献
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高职阶段学生的辩证逻辑思维开始占优势,在化学教学过程中贯彻应用哲学观点既有利于学生辩证逻辑思维的开发,又能更好地掌握化学学科的思想精髓。 相似文献
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目的对本地区142名新生儿溶血病患者进行血清学检测,评价直接抗人球蛋白试验、游离抗体试验和抗体释放试验在该病诊断中的价值。方法对2005年1月~2007年6月各医院送检的高胆红素血症新生儿血液标本进行"三项试验"。结果142名新生儿溶血病患者中,血型分布规律为:B>A>AB>O,54.22%为B型,43.66%为A型,二者差异有显著意义。直抗试验阳性率为76.76%,释放试验阳性率为100%,游离试验阳性率为50.70%。释放试验阳性的A型患者中,抗-AB检出率为47.17%,B型患者中的检出率为53.03%,二者差异无显著意义。结论释放试验敏感度最高,是判定新生儿溶血病最有力的证据,在本地区,B型新生儿可能更易患新生儿溶血病。 相似文献
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塔设备改造选型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后,着重介绍一种新型塔板(导向梯形浮阀塔板)和一种新型填料(波环填料——乾隆帕克)。 相似文献