铝基复合材料增强体颗粒分布均匀性的研究

采用定性和定量手段系统比较了高能球磨法与常规混合法对ＳｉＣｐ（Ｂ４Ｃｐ）／Ａｌ复合材料增强体颗粒分布均匀性的影响。研究结果表明：高能球磨法使增强体颗粒弥散均匀分布于基体中,是实现增强体颗粒均匀分布的最有效的方法,常规混合法制务的复合材料中存在增强体颗粒的偏聚现象。颗粒偏聚程度与混粉方式和混粉时间有关。干混时存在最佳的混粉时间,而湿混时混合物的均匀度随混粉时间的延长而不断提高。     

SiCp/6061Al复合材料搅拌铸造工艺的优化

采用组织分析的方法，研究了搅拌工艺在液态机械搅拌铸造法制备SiCp／6061Al复合材料中对SiC颗粒分布均匀性及铸造缺陷的影响，并运用正交实验法对工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明：在温度760℃，搅拌速度1200r／min，搅拌时间25min的工艺条件下，可得到SiC颗粒分布均匀、铸造缺陷较少的铝基复合材料。     

TiB2/Al颗粒增强铝基复合材料颗粒分布的计算与分析

本文概述了TiB2 /Al复合材料制备过程中的颗粒分布的计算数值分析有关影响因素及理论 ,并通过实际测量和数值计算相比较 ,得出相应的结论。从定量和定性角度利用a =da/dp(晶粒与颗粒直径之比 )来说明颗粒均匀性。另外 ,介绍和分析了计算方法和影响因素的处理。结果表明 ,计算结果和实际测量吻合较好 ,对微观分析具有指导意义。     

热处理对SiCp/6061Al基复合材料等离子弧焊接头性能的影响

热处理对SiCp/6061Al基复合材料等离子弧原位焊接接头组织与性能的影响较为明显,固溶处理 时效与退火相比,前者对接头的改善作用更佳.经500 ℃固溶处理2 h 12 h时效热处理后,接头组织得到良好的改善,细长的Al3Ti相变为短小棒状,消除了晶间偏析,组织更加均匀;热影响区组织中晶粒均得到比较明显的细化,比较接近母材晶粒的大小,焊接接头强度较未热处理时有了较大提高,达到245 MPa.     

影响铝基复合材料中SiC颗粒分布均匀性的工艺因素

利用组织分析的方法,研究了工艺措施对液态机械搅拌铸造法制备的SiCp/6061A1复合材料中SiC颗粒分布均匀性的影响.结果表明:真空状态下650℃预处理3h.可提高SiC颗粒表面的活性,改善增强颗粒与铝液之间的润湿性;在Ar气流量0.4 m3/h.温度760℃,搅拌速度1500 r/min,搅拌时间25rain的工艺条件下,可得到增强颗粒分布均匀、气孔和夹渣极少的铝基复合材料.     

工艺因素对SiCp/AZ91复合材料颗粒均匀性的影响

用半固态搅拌法成功制备出了颗粒分布均匀、孔隙率低的SiCp/AZ91颗粒增强镁基复合材料,研究了搅拌速度、颗粒尺寸、搅拌叶轮旋向、颗粒预处理工艺等因素对SiCp/AZ91复合材料中颗粒分布均匀性的影响。研究发现,颗粒预处理对分布均匀性有显著影响,经过高温预氧化处理的SiC颗粒与镁合金基体润湿性很好,在半固态搅拌制备中能有效改善颗粒与基体的界面结合和颗粒分布均匀性。在其他工艺因素一定时,颗粒粒径越大,分布越均匀;搅拌速度越低,颗粒分布越不均匀。当颗粒较小时(<50μm),搅拌叶轮的旋向对分布均匀性有重要影响。确定优选工艺参数为:上旋桨、半固态等温温度为585℃、搅拌速度为400r/min、颗粒尺寸为50μm、颗粒的体积分数为15%。     

搅拌工艺参数对SiC_p/Al复合材料颗粒分布的影响

采用机械搅拌法制备了不同SiCp含量Al基复合材料,研究了搅拌参数对颗粒分布的影响。通过SEM和XRD对SiCp在基体中的分布及复合材料的物相成分进行了分析。结果表明,搅拌桨直径为60mm,叶片倾角为30°,搅拌速度为680r/min时制得的复合材料,其SiCp分布均匀且无明显气孔生成。在慢冷条件下浇注的复合材料无明显颗粒沉降现象发生。物相分析显示有MgAl2O4、Mg2Si生成,没有发现有害界面反应产物Al4C3。     

Ti-Si对SiCp/Al基复合材料等离子弧原位焊接性能的影响

以Ti-Si混合粉末作为填充材料,采用氮氩混合等离子气体对SiCp/Al基复合材料进行等离子弧原位焊接,分析SiCp/Al基复合材料的焊接性.结果表明,填充Ti-Si混合粉末进行等离子弧原位焊接时接头组织致密,结合较好,焊缝组织中生成了新的增强颗粒,未发现明显的针状相生成,从而有效地提高了接头的力学性能.力学性能试验表明,采用Ti-Si混合粉末进行等离子弧原位焊接所获得的抗拉强度为232.3MPa.此外探讨了焊接接头中气孔形成的机制以及应采取的相应措施.     

工艺参数对搅拌法制备B4Cp／AZ91复合材料颗粒分布均匀性的影响

以AZ91镁合金为基体,平均尺寸125 μm的B4C颗粒为增强相,采用半固态搅拌铸造法制备了B4Cp/AZ91镁基复合材料.分析了添加颗粒百分比、加热温度、降温时间、搅拌速度和搅拌时间等工艺因素与颗粒分布均匀性之间的关系.根据各个关系曲线进行工艺参数优化,结果为:颗粒百分比8%、加热温度604 ℃、降温时间20.5 min、搅拌速度700 r/min,搅拌时间13.5 min.采用优化工艺参数制备复合材料,金相观测和样方法处理都表明,颗粒分布均匀性明显提高.     

Gr（C）／Mg复合材料纤维分布均匀性及其改善途径

纤维表面经ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３涂层处理，可以改善纤维与Ｍｇ合金熔体的润湿性能，显著降低浸渗时充型压力，使纤维分布均匀性明显改善。ＳｉＣ颗粒混杂改善了纤维分布状况，在一定程度上消除了低应力破坏的可能性，使弯曲强度提高了２０％以上。     

超声频电弧对SiCp/6061Al等离子弧焊缝微观组织的影响

应用高通滤波器原理设计了一台隔离耦合装置,实现了交流弧焊电源与高频 激励源的隔离与耦合,成功在交流电弧中激励出超声波.以自主研制的A1-5Ti-5Si药芯焊丝为填充材料对SiCp/6061A1基复合材料进行等离子弧原位合金化焊接,在不同频率电弧超声作用下研究了电弧超声频率对焊缝组织的影响.对比0(不加超声),30,40...     

Ti-Ni合金对SiCp/AlMMCs等离子弧原位焊接焊缝性能的影响

以Ti-Ni合金作为填加材料,采用氮氩混合等离子气对SiCp／Al基复合材料进行等离子弧原位焊接。结果表明,填加Ti-Ni合金进行等离子弧原位焊接,在焊缝组织中生成了新的增强颗粒TiN,TiC,A1N,Al3Ti和Al3Ni,未发现明显的针状相生成,有效的抑制了脆性相Al4G3并且接头组织致密,结合较好。Ni元素的添加,降低了SiC溶解程度,使得熔池中的结晶热显著提高,改善了熔池的流动性。同时在焊缝组织中形成了新的增强相AlNi,Al3Ni,从而有效地提高接头的力学性能。采用Ti-Ni合金进行等离子弧原位焊接,接头的抗拉强度为215．4MPa,达到母材强度的67．3％。     

Effects of ac arc ultrasonic on plasma arc in situ welding of SiCp/6061Al MMCs

Abstract

The isolation coupling device is designed based on the principle of high pass filter circuit, which can achieve isolation and coupling between ac welding power and ultrasonic frequency excitation source. In addition, ac arc ultrasonic vibration is obtained successfully. The plasma arc in situ welding of SiCp/6061Al was performed using two different processes. The first process is that the plasma gas is argon nitrogen mixture and the filler material is flux cored wire (Al–5Ti–5Si); the other process is that the plasma gas is argon and the filler material is flux cored wire (Al–15Ti–3Si). The two joints are respectively enhanced by nitride and Al₃Ti, which were obtained in these processes. After arc ultrasonic vibrations were imposed on the two welding processes, it was revealed that arc ultrasonic improved the distribution of the new nitride phases and optimised the morphology of Al₃Ti to improve the mechanical properties of joints that reached 246 and 263 MPa. Fracture analysis showed that the improvement of the mechanical properties resulting from Al₃Ti is better than that from nitride under the effect of arc ultrasonic.     

Fabrication and characterization of Al356/SiCp semisolid composites by injecting SiCp containing composite powders

Al356/5 vol.% SiC_p cast composites were fabricated by the injection of reinforcement particles into the melt in three different forms, i.e. as untreated SiC_p, milled particulate Al-SiC_p composite powder, and milled Al-SiC_p-Mg composite powder. The resultant composite slurries were then cast in the semisolid temperature range of the alloy, upon which the effects of the type of injected powder on the distribution and incorporation of the reinforcement particles, along with the hardness of the cast composites, were investigated. Injection of milled composite powders resulted in considerable improvement in SiC_p wetting as well as the incorporation and distribution of SiC_p in the Al356 matrix alloy. Al356/5 vol.% SiC_p composite with well dispersed reinforcement particles of less than 3 μm average diameter was successfully produced by injecting Al-SiC_p-Mg composite powder into the melt. The best microstructural characteristics in terms of the reinforcement incorporation and distribution, and the highest hardness value of the cast composites, were achieved when magnesium was added through the injected composite powder and not directly into the melt.     

SiCp/Al复合材料电子束焊接接头组织及性能

对SiCp/Al复合材料自身进行电子束焊接,研究了其接头成形、焊缝组织、热影响区组织及接头力学性能.结果表明,SiCp/Al复合材料自身直接电子束焊接时,接头的主要缺陷是焊缝成形差、易形成两侧堆积颗粒物的凹槽;焊缝组织中存在界面反应产生的灰白色初生硅、深灰色针状相Al4C3以及Al-Si共晶中的浅灰色针状共晶硅,形成脆性区,拉伸断裂位置便在此处,断裂为脆性断裂.熔合区附近硬度较高,与焊缝区组织及硬度差异较大.接头的最高强度为73 MPa,仅占母材平均抗拉强度的41％.     

Effects of in-situ ZrB2 particle on grain refinement of ZrB2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite

In-situ ZrB2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite was successfully synthesized with Al/K2ZrF6+NH4BF4 by means of Direct Melt Reaction.The fabricated ZrB2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite through direct melt mixing method was investigated.Results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the existence of ZrB2 particles in the AZ91D alloy,and most ZrB2 particles were in the size range of just several microns,some even to 100 nm.The cast specimens were studied through corrosion testing and heat treatment.The average grain size of AZ91D decreased markedly from about 250μm to 50μm.In addition,the shape and size of the β-Mg17Al12 phase as well as the morphologies of primary α-Mg in the magnesium matrix composite were greatly changed.The network structure of the β-Mg17Al12 phase was broken into small blocks and the size of α-Mg decreased significantly.     

Compressive behavior of SiCp/AlSi9Mg composite foams

Closed-cell AlSi₉Mg foams and SiC_p/AlSi₉Mg composite foams with different SiC_p volume fractions were prepared successfully by means of direct foaming of melt using CaCO₃ blowing agent in this paper. The compressive behaviors of these foams were studied. In comparison with the compressive stress–strain curve of AlSi₉Mg foams that of SiC_p/AlSi₉Mg composite foams is not smooth and exhibits some serrations. At the same relative density of composite foams, the yield stress and collapse stress of the composite foams increase with increasing SiC_p volume fraction. The relationship of yield stress, relative density and SiC_p volume fraction of SiC_p/AlSi₉Mg composite foams with a given particle size was obtained.     

SiCp/Cu复合材料的真空钎焊

对冷压烧结结合热挤压工艺制备的SiC/Cu复合材料,选用Ti和AgCuTi为钎料,采用不同的工艺进行真空钎焊试验.用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对母材和钎焊接头的剪切断口形貌进行分析,利用电子万能试验机对钎焊接头进行抗剪强度测试,将接头抗剪强度与母材抗剪强度进行对比以评判钎缝质量.结果表明,用Ti为钎料连接SiCp/Cu复合材料的连接状况要优于AgCuTi钎料,且连接温度850℃,保温时间为20 min时,抗剪强度最大为70.5 MPa,与母材抗剪强度相当;随着铜基复合材料中SiCp含量不断增加,钎焊接头室温抗剪强度不断下降,当SiCp含量超过10%时,抗剪强度快速下降.     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的连接现状

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料因其具有成本低、耐磨性好、高比强度和比刚度、高谐振频率等优良的性能受到关注,但由于难于机械加工,特别是焊接性较差制约其在工程中的应用推广. 文中通过对国内外SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的连接现状(焊接方法主要集中于熔化焊、扩散焊、搅拌摩擦焊和钎焊等)进行综述和评价. 结果表明,SiC颗粒和Al基体的较大物理化学性能差异是影响该种复合材料焊接性的主要因素;当SiC颗粒体积分数低于35%时,目前已取得令人基本满意的焊接效果,已具有小批量生产的趋势;但当SiC颗粒体积分数大于35%时,特别是针对高体积分数(55% ~ 75%)的复合材料而言,传统的熔化焊方法很难获得高质量的接头,因此选择合适的连接方法和特殊的焊料成分则成为该种材料的重要创新方向.