变电站培训仿真一次系统的实时数字仿真

针对数字-实物混合型变电站培训仿真一次系统的数字仿真计算,采用异步替代法在仿真步长内将多节点的一次系统仿真计算分割为节点较少且相互独立的部分网络模型计算,使其适用于并行计算,从而保证一次系统仿真的实时性.在分析异步替代法稳定条件的基础上,提出了一种改善稳定条件和提高计算精度的π型重叠电路模型.通过对真实系统的仿真计算表...     

Real-time digital simulator for power system analysis on ahypercube computer

A digital simulator based on a hypercube-type massively parallel computer, the NCube2, has been developed. The simulator features: real-time simulation of a large power system which covers transient stability through long-term behavior with constant accuracy level in root mean square values; user-friendly man-machine interfaces which mimic the actual operating environment including interactive setting of several system parameters and real-time data presentation on a CRT; and high-speed A/D (analog to digital) converters, D/A (digital to analog) converters, and D/IO (digital input and digital output) interfaces are used to connect the digital simulator (power system dynamic model) to actual equipment. The authors describe the basic characteristics of the digital simulator and present results obtained in real-time simulations     

馈电系统数字实时仿真模型

对短距离电力系统数字仿真时，可按物理设备对系统分块，将电力传输线、同步发电机，变压器、综合负载分别作为独立模块建模，各模块连接处用解耦电压源替代，这样各模块可平行地进行数字积分，用集总参数建立了35KV电力系统传输线中点故障数字仿真的数学模型，并在已知同步发电机与综合负载模型的基础上，进一步提出了该电力系统数字实时仿真的多模块耦合模型，一个具体的数字仿真结果表明提出的模型是正确的，给出的算法是合理的，该数字信真能在奔腾Ⅲ750系统上实时实现。     

Real-time digital simulator with digital/analog conversioninterface for testing power instruments

The need for real-time simulation stems from the fact that in many practical situations it is desirable to analyze the dynamic behavior of a large power system with advanced equipment that has complex and high-speed performance. Analog simulators are effective, however they impose serious limitations on the size of the system that is being modeled. The authors have studied and developed a real-time digital simulator using a hypercube computer, and realized real-time performance available for the analysis of large power systems. As the second step of the study, they developed a digital/analog conversion interface for testing actual power instruments. The interface exchanges the variables of fundamental frequency domain in the real-time digital simulator, and the variables of exact time domain in the analog equipment connected to the simulator. In this paper, the authors describe the detail of the digital/analog conversion interface of the real-time digital simulator for testing advanced power instruments. Its conversion algorithm, system configuration of the simulator with the interface, and experimental results are also presented     

Studies on the method of combining an analog simulator and a real‐time digital simulator for power system analysis

An advanced real‐time power system simulator consisting of a conventional real‐time analog simulator and a real‐time digital simulator has been developed. EMTP simulations were carried out to verify the advanced power system simulator concept and to evaluate the effects of various parameters. A prototype of the advanced power system simulator using the Bergeron method was tested. The test results confirmed the feasibility of the real‐time power system simulator. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 136(3): 49–57, 2001     

电力电子系统实时仿真综合平台及设计方法

为解决中小功率电力电子和电力驱动系统的开发测试问题,研制出以dSPACE平台为核心的实时仿真综合平台,其典型实时仿真步长20 μs.实时仿真综合平台整体结构采用模块化设计,与Matlab/Simulink实现无缝连接.采用输入-输出描述法建立实时仿真模型库;通过冗余量设计、封锁PWM输出脉冲等多种措施确保硬件电路的稳定...     

PowerWorld Simulator电力系统仿真可视化软件包的功能及应用

美国伊利诺伊大学电气及计算机工程学院开发的PowerWorld Simulator电力系统仿真可视化软件可直观形象地显示电力系统的运行情况.用户可以建立、更改各种电力系统模型及参数,在仿真器中进行各种操作,从而对模型进行潮流分析、故障分析及经济运行分析等.阐述仿真器强大的功能和操作简易的特点,并与其他仿真软件进行比较,通过在PowerWorld Simulator中实现仿真算例,分析比较仿真结果,证明了PowerWorld Simulator的准确性,以及在电力系统行业的应用前景.     

Fast algorithm for multiple time-scale simulation of power system using parallel processing

Power system analysis is the basis of operation and planning. Since power systems are very large and complex, however, long computation time is required for the analysis. Development of a fast calculation method for stability analysis is desirable. Recently, the method using multiple time-scale numerical integration algorithm was developed for analyzing long-term dynamics. This method has the problem of calculation time since the coefficient matrix is very large. It is expected that calculation time can be shortened using parallel processing. In order to increase the efficiency of parallel processing, the coefficient matrix must be divided since solution of a set of linear equations is the main part of stability analysis. In this paper, coefficient matrix is converted into BBDF matrix for effective calculation of parallel processing. Each subnetwork block can be divided again since it is sparse. The algorithm discussed in this paper was implemented on the nCUBE2S parallel processing computer system. The computing time is measured so that it can be compared to the computer time of a single-processor system. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(4): 14–22, 1997     

A multiprocessor system architecture suited for power system transient calculation

In the field of power system calculation, much research has been devoted to using parallel computers to increase computation speed. However, unlike examples in other application areas, such as circuit simulation or computational fluid dynamics, the performance gain is small. Also, the performance gain begins to saturate after a small number of processors are utilized. This is due to the essential features of power system calculation: mainly, (1) the size of the problem is usually much smaller than in other application fields and (2) the sparsity of the problem is high. These two features amplify the effect of interprocessor communication overhead. In this study, the authors sought the most suitable parallel architecture for power system calculation, restricting the number of processors to about 16. The architectural features of interest are the memory architecture and the interprocessor connection method. The candidates chosen are: (1) distributed memory architecture connected by an interprocessor communication network, (2) distributed memory architecture connected by a bus, (3) shared memory architecture connected by a bus, and (4) composite distributed/shared memory architecture connected by a bus. We evaluate each architecture in terms of the data for transient stability analysis from a single PE execution, with consideration of memory operations, necessary interprocessor communication, and computations. The results show that although little increase in speed is gained by using a distributed shared memory architecture connected by an interconnection network, it is possible to attain a speedup by a factor of 6.5 by using 16 PEs on a composite distributed/shared memory architecture connected by a bus. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 128(1): 26–36, 1999     

电力系统实时仿真技术研究综述

电力系统实时仿真已成为进行电力系统试验研究、规划设计、调度运行和状态安全评估的重要工具。电力系统实时仿真技术的发展经历了物理仿真、数模混合仿真和数字仿真三个阶段。介绍了电力系统实时仿真技术的一般定义、发展历程及现状,突出了该技术的实时性特点,同时,对实时仿真技术的理论基础、涉及的算法和实现方式也作了一定程度的阐述,对电力系统实时仿真技术有较全面的比较和说明。三种实时仿真技术有各自的优缺点,在实际应用中应有选择性地配合使用。数模混合仿真技术在仿真应用中较有优势,成为目前较热门的研究课题,对它作了重点介绍。最后进一步指出了电力系统实时仿真技术急需解决的问题。     

Closed-loop testing with the real-time digital power system simulator

Most protection and control equipment is usually tested in the open-loop mode. However, closed-loop testing is often the only cost-effective approach. This paper highlights the areas where closed-loop testing of protective relays and control equipment is preferable. Test setups with a real-time digital simulator for closed-loop testing of protective relays, power system stabilizers, and controllers for controlled closing of individual poles of a shunt capacitor breaker are described.     

Controllable analog emulator for power system analysis

This paper details the development of a controllable analog emulator for power system analysis. The emulator consists of reconfigurable analog hardware for power system emulation and a digital computer, along with associated software, for configuration, control, calibration and data acquisition. The analog hardware is fully controllable via the software interface. System parameters, initial conditions, integration, faults and contingencies can be created or altered via the software with no changes or manual intervention to the analog hardware. This advance overcomes one of the larger drawbacks of older analog computers, which was the need for manual configuration and calibration. The emulation methodology is presented in this paper as well as power system modeling, both theoretical and in analog hardware. The software interface and control is also presented. To validate the operation of the emulator two examples are shown from a prototype emulator. The first being a steady state power flow solution, the second computes the critical clearing time of a generator fault for transient stability.     

电力系统断路器遮断容量实时校核

介绍了基于EMS的短路电流实时计算与分析,叙述了几种典型接线方式下,流经断路器的最大短路电流的求取原则,并说明了断路器遮断容量校核的方法和标准。     

暂态电能质量实时监测系统设计

针对目前电能质量实时监测的问题,提出了一种利用移动小波变换算法检测和分析电力系统暂态电能质量扰动的方法,解决了处理实时扰动信号时存在的边界失真以及传统处理方法带来的过大数据存储量问题。同时基于虚拟仪器设计了一套暂态电能质量实时分析系统,该系统可以对实时的扰动信号进行精确地检测,也可以根据用户的需要实现多种离线分析。最后,通过各种暂态扰动信号对本系统的功能进行测试,实验结果表明所设计的监测系统具有良好的实时性和可靠性。     

Parallel processing of steady‐state analysis for a power electronic system by PVM3

It is important to get a steady‐state operation of a power electronic circuit for its design. The shooting method, which is one of the steady‐state analysis methods, solves a boundary value condition which equates initial values to final values after one‐period transient. This paper proposes how to process the analysis in parallel by using a Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM3) system. In particular, the multiple shooting method (MSM) which divides the shooting time into subsections is suitable because it can parallel numerical processes for the divided shooting times by using multiple CPU units independently. This parallel method is applied to converter examples which are processes by PVM3. The computed results are investigated for their convergence and CPU times to check their parallel effects. According to the MSM algorithm, CPU times are reduced almost to one‐fifth by using five computer units from a PVM3 system example. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(2): 69–76, 2001     

非全相运行的电力系统多模块数字实时仿真模型

在电力系统规划中，设计与检验电力系统的保护、控制以及调度设备时，动态模拟装置起着重要的作用，应用多模块耦合算法，将一个典型的高阶电力系统分解为多个低阶模块，然后分别对各低阶模块进行建模，各模块之间通过其端口的电压与电流关系进行耦合，对一个典型系统的非全相运行状态建立了其相应的多模块耦合算法模型，并且在高性能的PC机系统上以较小的仿真步长实现了其相应的数字实时仿真，系统实时运行的结果表明，提出的电力系统非全相运动状态的多模块耦合算法模型能够满足实时仿真系统的要求。     

变电站自动化系统实时仿真装置的设计与实现

针对变电站自动化发展中存在的检测难点,提出了基于变电站自动化设备网络功能模块化思想设计的实时仿真装置,介绍了装置的测试原理、系统结构及功能。装置采用工业微机内嵌Windows2000操作系统,可实现海量数据测试、网络分层测试和设备性能测试、保护事件模拟重演、规约测试以及报文解析等功能。实际应用效果表明:装置能正确完成系统仿真和各类型设备的实时闭环仿真测试,为实现变电站自动化系统的全面测试提供了一个有效的新途径。     

暂态电能质量实时监测和分析系统

一套完整的电能质量监测装置要求能够同时对各种稳态和暂态电能质量信号进行实时监测和分析,而现有的监测装置仅有少数具有暂态监测和分析功能,且只涉及到电压暂降、电压暂升和短时电压中断这3种扰动信号.为了对目前各种常见暂态电能质量扰动信号进行实时监测和分析,提出了一种以移动离散小波变换算法为核心,虚拟仪器为平台的设计方案,所设...     

基于可编程电源的数模动模混合仿真系统研究

为满足现代电力系统实时仿真的发展需求,提出一种基于可编程电源的数模动模混合仿真系统。利用动模实验室搭建动模仿真系统,并在RTDS中搭建39节点系统作为数字仿真系统模型,结合以理想变压器模型算法作为功率接口算法的接口系统,形成一个800 V/345 kV的动模数模混合实时仿真系统实验平台。在研究混合仿真接口两端系统延时对系统稳定性和准确性影响基础上,提出用二阶相位超前环节对下发通道和上传通道的接口延时进行相位补偿,以提高系统稳定性和准确性。通过对所搭建的数模动模混合仿真系统的实验,并与纯数字仿真进行对比分析,进一步验证了混合仿真系统的有效性。     

基于数字计算机和RTDS的实时混合仿真

阐述了计算机机电暂态仿真、RTDS电磁暂态仿真的实时混合仿真平台设计思想,给出了整体设计架构,详细分析和阐述了两侧接口数据交互和同步协调仿真流程、混合仿真接口方案以及接口数据传输方法等关键技术.以含南方电网贵广高压直流的简单交直流系统算例研究验证了该混合仿真平台的设计和实现是可行的、有效的.