基于多重分形与SVM的齿轮箱故障诊断研究

针对齿轮箱振动信号的非平稳性和非线性,提出一种多重分形和支持向量机相结合的故障诊断方法。运用多重分形理论方法对齿轮振动信号进行分析,通过分析发现多重分形谱和广义维数作为故障特征能够很好地反映齿轮箱的工作状态;对支持向量机的参数利用粒子群优化算法进行优化,并将齿轮箱振动信号的多重分形特征量作为支持向量机的输入参数以识别齿轮的故障类型。实验结果表明,该方法在样本较小的情况下能够准确对齿轮箱的故障类型进行分类。     

Hilbert-Huang变换在齿轮裂纹故障诊断中的应用

提出一种基于Hilbert-Huang变换的齿轮裂纹故障诊断的新方法。Hilbert-Huang变换是先把时间序列信号,用经验模态分解方法分解成不同特征时间尺度的固有模态函数,然后经过Hilbert变换获得信号时频分布的一种信号处理新方法,将Hilbert-Huang变换应用于齿轮箱中齿轮故障诊断的研究。齿轮故障实验信号的研究结果表明,Hilbert-Huang变换时频分析方法能有效诊断齿轮的齿根裂纹故障。     

基于小波包和Teager能量算子的齿轮故障诊断研究

齿轮箱故障振动信号通常是非平稳的,为了有效的提取故障信号的特征参数,提出了基于小波包降噪和非线性Teager能量算子的信号特征参数提取方法。利用构造的噪声信号仿真研究了此方法用于信号特征参数提取的可行性,并将此方法成功应用于齿轮偏心的齿轮箱故障诊断,证明了该方法提取齿轮故障齿轮箱振动信号特征参数的有效性。     

基于MEEMD-SDP图像特征和DRN的行星齿轮箱故障诊断

在行星齿轮箱齿轮的实际工程应用中,针对故障发生的早期阶段,其非平稳性、非线性振动特征信号导致故障诊断准确率低的问题,提出了一种基于MEEMD-SDP图像特征和深度残差网络的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先,采用了改进的集总平均经验模态分解(MEEMD)方法对齿轮振动信号进行了分解,获得了能够反映齿轮振动信号信息的固有模态函数(IMF);然后,通过对称点图案(SDP)分解方法提取了IMF分量,将其变换到极坐标下的雪花图像特征,并组成了特征向量;最后,引入深度残差网络(DRN)模型,实现了对行星齿轮箱齿轮不同故障的识别与分类,同时将其与卷积神经网络(CNN)模型进行了对比,并在东南大学公开的齿轮箱数据集上进行了不同模型对齿轮状态故障识别准确率的对比实验。研究结果表明：SDP图像特征能够全面表征齿轮的状态信息,相较于CNN模型,采用DRN模型对齿轮进行诊断得到的平均准确率有明显提高,可达到98.1%,能验证基于MEEMD-SDP图像特征和深度残差网络方法的有效性;研究结果对提升现有行星齿轮箱齿轮故障识别的准确率具有一定的价值。     

多共振分量融合CNN的行星齿轮箱故障诊断

针对行星齿轮箱中各部件所激起的振动成分混叠、早期故障特征经常被较强的各级齿轮谐波成分以及环境噪声所湮没的问题,提出一种多共振分量融合卷积神经网络(multi-resonance component fusion based convolutional neural network,简称MRCF-CNN)的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,对振动信号进行共振稀疏分解,得到包含齿轮谐波成分的高共振分量和可能包含轴承故障冲击成分的低共振分量;其次,构建多共振分量融合卷积神经网络,将得到的高、低共振分量和原始振动信号进行自适应的特征级融合,通过有监督的方式训练模型并进行行星齿轮箱故障诊断。对行星齿轮箱实验数据的分析结果表明,该方法能够有效分类行星齿轮箱中滚动轴承和齿轮的故障,成功对行星齿轮箱故障进行诊断,同时能够进一步增强卷积神经网络对振动信号所蕴含的故障信息的辨识能力。     

基于多尺度熵-BP神经网络的采煤机摇臂齿轮故障诊断

采煤机摇臂齿轮箱是采煤机的故障多发区,为了提高采煤机摇臂运行可靠性,减少故障发生率,对其进行故障诊断研究显得尤为重要。研究一种基于多尺度熵(Multi-scale Entropy,MSE)和BP(Back-Propagation)神经网络的故障诊断方法,利用多尺度熵算法具有的抗干扰和抗噪能力,来对齿轮振动信号进行复杂度分析,以各尺度样本熵值作为故障特征信息对齿轮的故障类型进行诊断识别。通过实验数据分析得到,所提出的基于多尺度熵-BP神经网络的故障诊断方法可以准确区分多种齿轮故障,对于四种齿轮状态的识别率达到84.0%以上,是一种有效的采煤机摇臂齿轮故障诊断方法。     

基于傅里叶分解方法的风电齿轮箱故障诊断

经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)是一种经验的方法,缺乏严格的理论证明,在实际应用中存在着许多问题,这些问题导致EMD方法难以有效提取复杂风电齿轮箱振动信号的故障特征。傅里叶分解方法(Fourier Decomposition Method,FDM)是一种新的非平稳非线性信号处理方法,具有坚实的理论基础,能够有效克服EMD方法的缺陷。因此,将FDM用于分析风电齿轮箱振动信号,提出了基于FDM的风电齿轮箱故障诊断方法。将该方法用于实际风电齿轮箱故障诊断,结果表明该方法能够有效地诊断出风电齿轮箱的故障,与基于谱分析、EMD及小波分解的方法相比具有明显的优势。     

基于小波—Hilbert解调的齿轮故障诊断方法

提出了一种小波分析与Hilbert解调谱相结合的分析方法,并应用于齿轮故障特征的提取。依据齿轮箱故障机理和频谱特征,采用小波变换将信号分解后在不同频带进行分析,实现齿轮故障中的非线性耦合特征频率的提取,然后对特征频率进行Hilbert解调以得到准确的故障信息。将其应用于汽车领域,结果表明提出的方法可以有效提高频率分辨率,实现故障特征的准确提取,对于汽车变速箱的齿轮故障诊断具有一定的价值。     

KPCA法在风电机组齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

将核主成分分析法应用于风电机组齿轮箱的故障诊断中,通过计算齿轮箱振动信号原始数据空间的内积核函数来实现原始数据到特征空间的非线性映射。利用某风场齿轮箱的正常工作状态、初期磨损状态以及断齿状态下的振动数据进行测试,对主成分分析法和核主成分分析法的分类结果进行了分析比较。实验结果表明,核主成分分析法能够有效地对齿轮故障信号进行特征提取和模式分类,更适合于故障信号非线性特征的提取。     

基于LCD基本尺度熵的齿轮故障RVM识别

针对齿轮故障振动信号非线性、非平稳性等特点,以及其故障特征提取较为困难的实际,提出了基于LCD基本尺度熵的齿轮故障特征提取方法。该方法利用局部特征尺度分解(LCD)对齿轮振动信号进行自适应分解,获取原始信号不同尺度分量;根据基本尺度熵能有效区分不同故障信号的复杂度,计算LCD分解所得内禀尺度分量(ISC)基本尺度熵,获得原始信号多个尺度的复杂度特征作为齿轮不同故障下的特征参数;将该特征参数输入相关向量机(RVM)分类器中判断齿轮故障,实现故障诊断。齿轮故障诊断实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效地识别齿轮的典型故障,相比其他一些方法,具有一定的优势。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.