共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
介绍了一种在近十年里发展的裂纹扩展力测量方法,这种方法将裂纹扩展的门槛值行为与直流电位法结合起来,可以测量某一载荷下裂纹开始扩展的应力强度因子Kpr,并由此计算有效应力强度因子范围ΔKeff=Kmax-Kpr。 相似文献
4.
提出了一种考虑材料循环塑性性能的研究疲劳裂纹扩展与闭合行为的有限元模拟方法。研究了在循环硬化条件下考虑纹闭合效应时裂纹面经张开廓形,裂纹洋端应力,应场和正反向塑性区的演化规律,对于循环硬化和不同循环应力比R等因素对裂纹纹凝开应力水平的影响也作了考查。 相似文献
5.
微观组织对贝氏体钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究组织对疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响,对3种不同贝氏体组织钢进行了疲劳裂纹扩展实验,并采用SEM和EBSD等方法对裂纹进行了分析.结果表明,板条贝氏体组织在近门槛区和稳定扩展区阻碍裂纹扩展的能力最强,具有最小的裂纹扩展速率.板条贝氏体组织中的大角度晶界使裂纹更容易发生偏折,导致断口表面粗糙度增加,裂纹扩展受到较强的粗糙度诱导裂纹闭合效应的作用.随着ΔK的增大,塑性诱导裂纹闭合效应取代粗糙度诱导裂纹闭合效应开始占据主导作用,是板条贝氏体组织中裂纹扩展速率对ΔK的变化较敏感的原因. 相似文献
6.
7.
本文根据实验考察了低合金钢等厚度三点弯曲试件在变幅加载后的裂纹扩展情况。分析了变幅加载对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响,由实验分析得出了影响延缓期间疲劳裂纹扩展的主要因素是变幅加载峰值造成的塑性区及裂纹尖端的钝化程度,从而由实验结果得出单个变幅过载及五千次以内变幅过载对随后低载荷恒幅疲劳裂纹扩展有延缓作用。 相似文献
8.
为了研究TB6钛合金自然萌生小裂纹的扩展行为,针对单边缺口拉伸试样开展室温下不同应力比(R=0.1,0.5)的小裂纹扩展实验,采用复型法观测了小裂纹的萌生与扩展情况。结果表明:同一应力比下,随着应力等级的降低,小裂纹的萌生寿命由占全寿命的60%增加到80%,但应力等级对TB6钛合金小裂纹扩展速率没有明显影响。裂纹早期扩展速率受微观组织的影响大,TB6钛合金扩展速率转变临界值是200μm,一旦裂纹长度达到200μm,裂纹扩展速率将不受取向不同的晶界或晶粒影响而迅速提升。TB6钛合金疲劳小裂纹起源于试样缺口根部,所有试样的裂纹大部分为角裂纹,疲劳小裂纹萌生寿命占全寿命的绝大部分。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Cyclic fatigue crack growth behaviour in alumina ceramics is investigated and the effect of grain size discussed. Special attention is given to crack closure effects. Cyclic fatigue tests were carried out using four-point bend specimens, and the load–strain and load–differential strain curves were monitored. These curves show hysteretic behaviour probably related to frictional sliding of bridging grains, and also include non-linearities due to crack closure. The crack opening load is determined from the load–differential strain curve by using a method introduced in this study. Growth rates can be successfully described by the relationship da/dN = C[ΔKeff /(1 ? Kmax /KIC )]m which is proposed in this study to account for the effects of crack closure and the maximum stress intensity factor. Irrespective of grain size, growth rates can be well represented by the above relationship, implying that the grain size exerts an influence on growth rates not only because of crack closure behaviour but also the material fracture toughness. The growth rate curve based on the proposed relationship shows a sigmoidal form for ceramic materials, which is similar to metals. 相似文献
14.
The phenomenon of crack closure, which involves the premature closing of fatigue cracks during the unloading portion of a fatigue cycle resulting in the development of crack-tip shielding due to crack wedging, has become widely accepted as a critical mechanism influencing many aspects of the behaviour of fatigue cracks in metallic materials; these include effects of load ratio, variable-amplitude loading, crack size, microstructure, environment and the magnitude of the fatigue threshold. Recently, however, the significance of crack closure has been questioned and alternative suggestions made for many of these phenomena, e.g. the effect of the load ratio (i.e. the ratio R of the minimum to maximum loads) on threshold behaviour. In the light of this, the present paper provides evidence to rebut the assertion that crack closure is an insignificant process. Particular attention is given to the effect of crack closure on the threshold level as a function of load ratio. 相似文献
15.
F. O. Riemelmoser R. Pippan 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》1997,20(11):1529-1540
Abstract— In recent literature it is asserted that the concept of crack closure in fatigue fracture mechanics is not capable of explaining fatigue crack growth behaviour. The reasons given are that both asperity induced crack closure and plasticity induced crack closure should be either negligible or non-existent. We have re-considered these hypotheses since their correctness would completely change the established picture of fatigue crack growth. In order to get mathematically tractable systems the present studies are confined to long cracks loaded in mode I. The results suggest that in case of asperity induced crack closure the proposed hypothesis is only true in special cases and the demonstration of the non-existence of plasticity induced crack closure is proved to be wrong. 相似文献
16.
针对车轮在运行过程中的典型运用工况,采用有限元方法数值模拟了不同运用条件下车轮的机械应力分布,选取辐板最高应力部位作为裂纹的萌生位置。根据线弹性断裂力学理论研究了辐板裂纹在二轴载荷下的应力强度因子和T应力,最后结合Paris疲劳裂纹扩展方程及裂纹扩展门槛值,得到了二轴载荷下辐板表面裂纹的扩展特性和规律。从而得出了二轴载荷条件对辐板表面裂纹扩展的影响。分析结果表明:典型工况下,车轮辐板外侧处于受压状态,内侧处于受拉状态而且变化幅值较大。车轮辐板的内外表面的应力不同,使得辐板同时承受了弯矩,并且弯矩的周向分量和径向分量近乎于正比。由于T应力的影响,车轮辐板裂纹扩展速度比不考虑此应力时的值较为偏低。分析结果对预防车轮疲劳失效、优化车轮设计、保障行车安全,具有重要意义。 相似文献
17.
应用弹塑性有限元方法与增量塑性损伤理论指出疲劳裂纹扩展的压载荷效应是裂纹尖端塑性损伤的结果, 建立了在拉-压循环加载下铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率的双参数预报模型, 对LY12-M 高强铝合金MT 试件在应力比R=0、-0.5、-1、-2 进行了疲劳裂纹扩展实验。结果表明:当最大应力强度因子Kmax相同时, 恒幅拉压加载(应力比R<0)的疲劳裂纹扩展速率明显高于恒幅拉拉加载(应力比R=0)的情况, 拉-压循环载荷的压载荷部分对疲劳裂纹扩展速率具有促进作用。该文得出的LY12-M 铝合金在拉-压循环加载下的疲劳裂纹扩展速率预报模型与实验结果符合较好。 相似文献
18.
混凝土经历三向受压荷载历史后强度劣化及超声波探伤方法的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文采用混凝土立方体试件,对其施加三轴受压荷载历史作用,分别测量载前和载后的抗压强度、劈拉强度和超声波速。基于连续介质损伤力学理论,用抗压强度和抗拉强度的劣化来定义混凝土的损伤,研究了经历过三轴受压荷载历史后损伤与超声波速降低的关系。根据试验数据拟合得到损伤的演化方程,从中可以看出损伤与超声波速的降低之间具有较好的线性相关性。研究结果表明,作为混凝土非破损检测技术中的一种重要方法,超声波探伤方法所需设备简单,操作方便,可以广泛应用于混凝土结构损伤检测。 相似文献
19.