高磷鲕状赤铁矿煤基直接还原实验

采用XRD和SEM对高磷鲕状赤铁矿矿物的组成及矿相结构进行了研究分析,根据分析结果提出采用煤基直接还原-磁选工艺处理高磷鲕状赤铁矿,并对影响该工艺的因素进行了详细的实验研究与分析。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为还原温度1 250℃、还原时间30min、碳氧比1.8及碱度0.8,在此工艺条件下,可以得到产率为47.68%、铁品位为86.51%、铁回收率为92.94%、磷的质量分数为0.18%和金属化率为92.56%的磁选精矿以及磷回收率为92.88%的尾矿。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿气基还原脱磷及磷赋存形态

中国高磷鲕状赤铁矿的储量十分丰富,但由于其矿物组成复杂、磷含量高等特点而不能直接作为炼铁原料,这使得其利用价值受到了严重限制。因此,以高磷鲕状赤铁矿为研究对象,采用气基还原-磁选工艺研究了还原温度、保温时间、碱度以及H₂流量4个工艺参数对脱磷效果的影响。通过XRD、SEM等检测手段对还原产物的微观结构及组成进行分析。研究结果表明：随着还原温度、保温时间、碱度以及H₂流量的升高,铁品位以及铁回收率逐渐升高,而磷含量则与之相反。通过对比不同条件下各还原产物的显微结构可以发现,还原温度、保温时间以及碱度均能促进铁颗粒聚集长大并与脉石矿物分离,而H₂流量对这一现象的改变并不明显。在还原温度1 050℃、保温时间90 min、碱度1.2、H₂流量200 mL/min的条件下,各项指标最佳,此时精矿铁品位为77.53%、铁回收率为77.94%,磷的质量分数为0.26%,脱磷率达到71.74%。     

隐晶质鲕状赤铁矿磁化焙烧过程中铁物相转变规律

摘要：鲕状赤铁矿具有含磷高、易泥化,铁与脉石矿物呈鲕状嵌布结构等特点,常规的重选和浮选等工艺难以取得较好的选矿指标。磁化焙烧-磁选工艺是利用高磷鲕状赤铁矿最有效的手段之一。X射线衍射（XRD）分析结果表明,在750℃的条件下,焙烧矿中磁铁矿的相对质量分数最大。焙烧温度高于800℃会发生过还原现象,生成富氏体,不利于焙烧矿的弱磁选。光学显微镜分析表明磁化焙烧过程不会破坏鲕状赤铁矿的鲕粒结构,只发生铁物相的转变。赤铁矿到磁铁矿的晶型转变由表及里,但是多数鲕状赤铁矿颗粒不会完全磁化,磁化焙烧效果与粒度有关。全铁品位为43.74%的矿样,在焙烧温度750℃、焙烧时间60min的条件下,弱磁选可得到全铁品位为55.42%,铁回收率为85.66%的人工磁铁矿,磁铁矿转化率在90%以上。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿磷的存在形态及脱磷机理

 针对高磷鲕状赤铁矿石矿物结构复杂导致的脱磷困难现状,为实现深度脱磷的目的,探索矿物还原过程中磷的形态及微观脱磷过程。以铁品位为44.78%、磷的质量分数为0.92%的高磷鲕状赤铁矿为研究对象,根据其面扫描电镜及矿相结构图可知,矿物之间嵌布紧密、逐层形成鲕状结构,石英、鲕绿泥石与赤铁矿等互相包裹,磷元素集中分布在鲕粒内部的氟磷灰石中。通过对焙烧产物做扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS),对高磷鲕状赤铁矿脱磷机理进行研究。研究结果表明,当YM-1脱磷剂质量分数为16%,还原过程中鲕状结构被破坏,金属铁逐渐从鲕粒中析出聚集,脉石与铁颗粒分离明显,磷化为不同形态被脱除。磁选后尾矿、铁分离完全,磷元素几乎全部进入尾矿,添加复合脱磷剂YM-1焙烧磁选后铁精矿的铁品位为90.16%,铁回收率为91.25%,磷质量分数为0.056%,脱磷率为93.91%。铁精粉各项指标满足工业冶炼要求。     

海砂矿深度还原-磁选分离实验研究

应用化学分析、扫描电镜观察和X射线衍射分析方法研究海砂矿的基础物性.采用煤基深度还原-磁选工艺,系统考察矿粉中Fe和Ti的还原分离行为,并明确还原温度、还原时间、碳氧比、磁感应强度和磨矿粒度对还原磁选效果的影响规律.结果表明:海砂矿主要由钛磁铁矿和钛赤铁矿组成;较优的还原分离工艺参数为还原温度1300℃、还原时间30 min、碳氧摩尔比1.1、磁感应强度50 mT和磨矿细度-0.074 mm质量分数86.34%.在此工艺条件下,可以获得金属化率94.23%的还原产物,磁选指标分别达到精矿铁品位97.19%和尾矿钛品位57.94%,对应的铁、钛回收率为90.28%和87.22%,有效地实现海砂矿中铁钛元素的分离富集.      

温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原影响

对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原进行了研究。结果表明,1100℃以下时,提高温度可以显著提高球团金属化率;1100℃以上时,继续提高温度对球团金属化率影响不大。球团金属化率越高,磁选精矿铁品位越高。还原温度不仅显著影响球团的金属化率,还影响金属铁相的长大及磁选效果。因此,控制适宜的温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿含碳球团直接还原至关重要。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿深度还原过程中磷的迁移规律

 针对鄂西某地高磷鲕状赤铁矿进行了深度还原技术研究,考查了还原温度、还原时间、配碳系数和CaO添加量对磷迁移规律的影响。结果表明：进入铁粉中磷的品位和回收率随着还原温度的升高和还原时间的延长而升高,随着配碳系数的增大先升高后降低,并在配碳系数为2.0时达到最大;而受CaO添加量的影响较小。还原物料的XRD和SEM分析表明大部分磷被还原为单质迁移进入了铁粉中。对高磷鲕状赤铁矿深度还原过程中磷的迁移规律进行了初步探索,为进一步研究高磷鲕状赤铁矿提供了一定的理论基础。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿直接还原法脱磷技术的试验研究

为了经济、合理地利用高磷赤铁矿资源,在掌握试验用高磷鲕状赤铁矿理化特性和微观特性的基础上,采用直接还原法进行了固态直接还原+高强度磁选和直接生产珠铁2种工艺的试验研究。试验结果表明,高温度、低碱度以及高配碳量有利于铁矿石中磷灰石还原进入铁水中,不利于磷的脱除;通过工艺参数的优化,采用固态还原焙烧-磁选工艺,高磷赤铁矿脱磷率能达到60%以上,而采用珠铁工艺,其脱磷率能够达到80%以上。为合理高效地处理高磷鲕状赤铁矿奠定理论基础和技术依据。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿气基竖炉直接还原试验

针对高磷鲕状赤铁矿无法高效利用的现状,采用XRD和SEM对高磷鲕状赤铁矿矿物的组成及矿相结构进行研究分析,提出采取气基直接还原工艺来处理此类矿石。系统研究与分析了还原温度、还原时间、还原气氛和还原气量等因素对高磷鲕状赤铁矿直接还原过程中金属化率的影响规律。研究结果表明,在还原温度为1 100℃、还原时间为4 h、还原气体中φ(H_2)∶φ(CO)为1∶1、还原气体流量为2 600 m~3/h的条件下,金属化率可以达到92.10%。     

用磁化焙烧—磁选工艺从粗铌精矿中回收铁富集铌的试验研究

针对粗铌精矿铁含量较高的特点,提出了采用还原磁化焙烧—酸浸工艺从粗铌精矿中回收铁、富集铌.以活性炭为还原剂进行磁化焙烧,用XCGS磁选管进行磁选,考察了还原温度、还原时间和激磁电流对磁选铁精矿指标的影响.结果表明,在750℃下还原45 min,粗铌精矿中的绝大部分赤铁矿被还原成磁铁矿,还原度接近理论值;还原矿在1.2A激磁电流下磁选得到铁精矿,铁品位为60.80％,收率为98.81％;磁选尾矿酸洗后,79.36％的铌留在尾矿中,Nb2O5品位达到12.46％.     

Direct Reduction of High-phosphorus Oolitic Hematite Ore Based on Biomass Pyrolysis

Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases(CO,H_2,and CH_4),tar,and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature,iron ore-biomass mass ratio,and reduction time on the metallization rate.In addition,the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation.It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99.35% at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1∶0.6,reduction temperature of 1 100℃,and reduction time of 55 min.The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature.The particle size of direct reduced iron(DRI) has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation.The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate.DRI with iron grade of 89.11%,iron recovery rate of 83.47%,and phosphorus content of 0.28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of-10 μm account for 78.15%.     

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The coal- based direct reduction- magnetic separation was adopted to deal with the high phosphorus oolitic hematite after the mineral composition and structure of this ore were identified by XRD and SEM, and the factors which effected the process were studied and analyzed. The results show that the optimum process condition is temperature of 1250??, time of 30min, carbon/oxygen ratio of 1. 8 and basicity of 0. 8, under this condition , the magnetic concentrate yield is 47. 68%, concentrate grade is 86. 51%, recovery rate of iron is 92. 94%, phosphorus content is 0. 18% and metallization rate is 92. 56%, the recovery rate of phosphorus of tailing is 92. 88%.     

Recovery of metallic iron from high phosphorus oolitic hematite by carbothermic reduction and magnetic separation

Abstract

This study aims to provide theoretical and technical basis for economical and rational use of high phosphorus oolitic hematite. Following physical, chemical and microscopic characterisation of high phosphorus oolitic hematite ore the feasibility of separation of phosphorus and metallic iron by reduction roasting and magnetic separation process were investigated. The results indicate that such a process is a feasible and efficient method for iron and phosphorus separation of high phosphorus oolitic hematite. The recovery of metallic iron and dephosphorisation rate is relatively low without additives but is significantly improved by appropriate CaO and Na₂CO₃ addition. With 8%CaO and 3%Na₂CO₃ the recovery of metallic iron and dephosphorisation rate reach 95.1 and 94.0% respectively.     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿铁磷分离试验研究

对高磷鲕状赤铁矿进行了显微结构研究,采用添加脱磷剂直接还原焙烧-磁选工艺进行了铁和磷分离试验,研究了焙烧温度、内配碳量、添加剂配比对铁、磷分离主要技术指标的影响。结果表明:磷主要以磷灰石的形态嵌布在鲕状结构中,部分与赤铁矿形成环状间层,层间的厚度变化范围在3~15μm之间;在焙烧温度1 000℃、内配碳量6%、添加剂配比10%的优化工艺条件下,通过球磨-磁选试验可得到含铁品位大于85%、含磷量在0.15%~0.20%之间的优质还原铁粉和含磷为3.5%~4%的富磷渣。     

Dephosphorisation of high phosphorus oolitic hematite by carbon composite pre-reduction and fast melting separation

High phosphorus oolitic hematite deposit is a kind of refractory iron ore resource of huge amount. At present, it is difficult to be utilised by traditional physical and chemical technology efficiently and economically. A novel process for utilisation of the high phosphorus oolitic hematite based on carbon composite pre-reduction and fast melting separation has been put forward in the paper. High grade pig iron nugget of low phosphorus could be obtained in the present research. The influence of experimental conditions, such as pre-reduction temperature, C/O (molar ratio) and basicity, on the dephosphorisation behaviours was studied in detail. The thermodynamic basis and reduction and melting separation process were also analysed. The phosphorus content in the iron nugget decreased with the increasing of basicity and increased with the increasing of C/O. The optimum parameters were pre-reduction temperature of 1200°C for 30?min, C/O of 0.95 and basicity of 1.7. After melting separation of molten iron and slag at 1400°C for 10?min, the iron nugget containing 0.02?wt-% [P] would be obtained. The dephosphorisation degree and iron yield in the form of iron nugget were 97.5% and 96.9% respectively. The iron nugget may be directly used as the raw materials of steelmaking from the view point of its high grade.     

微波还原-磨矿磁选对鲕状赤铁矿提铁脱磷的影响

摘要：采用微波加热还原 磨选技术研究鲕状赤铁矿的提铁脱磷条件,且探索最佳磨选条件。在原矿粒度小于0.18mm占90%、配碳系数1.0、碱度系数0.8、脱磷剂用量15%（质量分数）的条件下,采用微波加热在950℃下还原30min获得金属化球团,对金属化球团进行破碎、研磨,考察磨矿粒度、磁选强度对铁粉铁品位、回收率、P含量、脱磷率的影响规律,并对还原样品、磁选后的铁粉和非磁性渣进行了扫描电镜、能谱和X射线衍射分析。研究结果表明,金属化球团在研磨粒度小于0.045mm占62.90%、磁选强度65mT条件下,可获得铁粉铁品位87.69%、回收率77.86%、P质量分数0.30%、脱磷率86.37%。