氮化硼填充甲基乙烯基硅橡胶导热复合材料的性能

用0.3,6.0,20.0μm 3种粒径的氮化硼(BN)(质量比为1:1:3)混合填充甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ),研究了BN用量对MVQ导热系数、热失重、热膨胀系数、硫化特性的影响.结果表明,随着BN用量的增加,MVQ的导热系数和热分解温度升高,热失重量和热膨胀系数明显降低,但对MVQ的硫化反应影响不大;当BN填充量为150份时,MVQ的综合性能较佳.     

Cold plasma modification of boron nitride fillers and its effect on the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber/boron nitride composites

Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) fillers were first coated with low‐molecular‐weight polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by solution dispersion and then treated in argon plasma for different times. The modified h‐BN fillers were characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle analysis. The results revealed that a thin PDMS film several nanometers thick was tightly coated on the surface of the h‐BN filler after plasma treatment, and this thin film could not be removed by 48 h Soxhlet extraction with n‐hexane at 120°C. Furthermore, the effect of plasma modification on the h‐BN filled silicone rubber composites was investigated. The results indicated that the plasma modification improved the interfacial interaction between h‐BN and the matrix, but hardly affected the distribution state of the h‐BN in the composites. The composites filled with the modified h‐BN exhibit significantly higher thermal conductivity than the composites filled with untreated h‐BN. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Studies on conductive silicone rubber compounds

The electrical conductivity of silicone rubber vulcanizates containing carbon blacks [e.g., acetylene black, lamp black, and ISAF (N-234) black] were investigated. The change in electrical conductivity with varying amounts of carbon blacks and the temperature dependence was measured. The mechanical properties like tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, hardness, etc., of the vulcanizates were determined. A comparative study of the electrical conductivity of the composites revealed that the electrical conductivity of the composites made with acetylene black was higher than that of the composites made of other blacks. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1043–1050, 1998     

炭黑填充型导电硅橡胶的性能研究

研究炭黑品种及用量对硅橡胶导电性能和物理性能的影响。结果表明，乙炔炭黑填充的硅橡胶导电性能优于炭黑N234或N293填充的硅橡胶；随着炭黑用量的增大，硅橡胶邵尔A型硬度增大，拉伸强度和拉断伸长率先增大后减小，体积电阻率先增大后趋于稳定。     

Enhanced mechanical and anisotropic thermal conductive properties of polyimide nanocomposite films reinforced with hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets

To attain thermally conductive but electrically insulating polymer films, in this study, polyimide (PI) nanocomposite films with 1–30 wt% functionalized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) were fabricated via solution casting and following imidization. The microstructures, mechanical and thermal conductive properties of PI/BNNS nanocomposite films were examined by taking account of the relative content, anisotropic orientation, and interfacial interaction of BNNS and PI matrix. The scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry data revealed that BNNSs with hydroxy and amino functional groups have specific molecular interactions with PI matrix and they form stacked aggregates in the nanocomposite films with high BNNS loadings of 10–30 wt%. The tensile mechanical strength/modulus, thermal degradation temperatures, and thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite films were found to be significantly enhanced with increasing the BNNS loadings. For the nanocomposite films with 1–30 wt% BNNS loadings, the in-plane thermal conductivity was measured to be 1.82–2.38 W/mK, which were much higher than the out-of-plane values of 0.35–1.14 W/mK. The significant anisotropic thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite films was found to be owing to the synergistic anisotropic orientation effects of both BNNS and PI matrix. It is noticeable that the in-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivity values of the nanocomposite film with 30 wt% BNNS were ~1.31 and ~3.35 times higher than those of neat PI film, respectively.     

氮化硼填充MVQ制备导热橡胶的研究

以甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）为主体材料，用氮化硼填充MVQ制备导热橡胶，研究氮化硼用量、粒径等对MVQ导热性能、物理性能和工艺性能的影响。结果表明。随着氮化硼用量的增大。MVQ的热导率增大而工艺性能变差;氮化硼最大适宜用量为150份。小粒径氮化硼填充MVQ的物理性能较好，工艺性能稍差。氮化硼用量小于70份时，粒径为20μm的氮化硼填充MVQ的导热性能较好;氮化硼用量为70～180份时，粒径为6μm的氮化硼填充MVQ的导热性能较好。不同粒径氮化硼按适当比例配合填充MVQ的导热性能优于单一粒径氮化硼填充MVQ．且物理性能改善。     

导热硅橡胶的研究进展

综述了填充型导热橡胶的导热机理和各类导热填料的导热特性,介绍了提高导热硅橡胶导热性的途径。     

导电硅橡胶配方的优化设计

主要通过正交设计法对硅橡胶的导电性进行研究，通过改变白炭黑、乙炔炭黑、羟基硅油和过氧化二异丙苯的用量对硅橡胶的导电性以及综合性能加以研究。     

导热电子灌封硅橡胶的研究进展

概述了导热电子灌封硅橡胶的研究背景。综述了导热电子灌封硅橡胶的组成,提高导热电子灌封硅橡胶导热性的途径及灌封工艺,灌封中常见的问题及改进措施,灌封材料的性能要求等,对导热电子灌封硅橡胶未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Highly thermally conductive hexagonal boron nitride/alumina composite made from commercial hexagonal boron nitride

Hexagonal BN is an unusual material in that it is both highly thermally conductive as well as an electrical insulator. Additionally, hBN is also thermally stable in air. This unusual combination of properties makes hBN of significant interest for thermal management. Unfortunately, hBN is not easily consolidated into substrates without the addition of second phases which generally result in poorer thermal performance. This research investigates the potential to utilize this material to dissipate heat from high‐voltage, high‐power electrical devices. Specifically, a process to coat individual platelets of commercial hexagonal BN powder with a layer of amorphous aluminum oxide was developed. The coated hexagonal BN was then hot‐pressed to form a highly thermally conductive substrate. The process to coat hexagonal BN platelets with aluminum oxide was accomplished by mixing hexagonal BN with AlCl₃ containing some water, then evaporation of excess AlCl₃ to form a Al, Cl, and O layer on hexagonal BN. This product was then heated in air to convert the surface layer into aluminum oxide. Following hot pressing to 1950°C and 10 ksi, the consolidated composite has through‐plane and in‐plane thermal conductivity of 14 and 157 W·(m·K)^?1, respectively, at room temperature.     

镀银镍粉填充型导电硅橡胶的性能研究

试验研究镀银镍粉填充的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）的物理性能和导电性能。结果表明，随着镀银镍粉用量的增大，MVQ硫化胶的硬度和压缩永久变形增大，拉伸强度和拉断伸长率减小，体积电阻率呈减小趋势；镀银镍粉用量为450份时，MVQ硫化胶的物理性能和导电性能均较优，体积电阻率随热空气老化温度的升高而呈增大趋势，随压缩率的增大而先减小后增大，压缩率以10％～30％为宜。     

Novel heat‐conductive composite silicone rubber

The silicone rubber with good thermal conductivity and electrical insulation was obtained by taking vinyl endblocked polymethylsiloxane as basic gum and thermally conductive, but electrically insulating hybrid Al₂O₃ powder as fillers. The effects of the amount of Al₂O₃ on the thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), heat stability, and mechanical properties of the silicone rubber were investigated, and it was found that the thermal conductivity and heat stability increased, but the CTE decreased with increasing Al₂O₃ fillers content. The silicone rubber filled with hybrid Al₂O₃ fillers exhibited higher thermal conductivity compared with that filled with single particle size. Furthermore, a new type of thermally conductive silicone rubber composites, possessing thermal conductivity of 0.92 W/mK, good electrical insulation, and mechanical properties, was developed using electrical glass cloth as reinforcement. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2478–2483, 2007     

High loading boron nitride chemically bonded with silicone rubber to enhance thermal neutron shielding and flexibility of polymer nanocomposites

Flexible materials with excellent radiation shielding and flexibility are essential to the personal protective equipments (PPEs) for protecting workers from nuclear radiations. However, it is an enormous challenge to obtain the desired materials since high loading filler in polymer nanocomposites usually promotes radiation shielding while restrains its flexibility. Here, a facile “thiol-ene click” means is applied to chemically bond high loading boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles with silicone rubber (SR) in SR/BN nanocomposites for thermal neutron shielding. Uniform dispersion of BN nanoparticles and good compatibility of interfaces in the nanocomposites with high loading filler lead to increased flexibility instead of decrease. In particular, the nanocomposite with 40 wt% BN displays 911% of elongation at break that is about 50% enhancement to that of neat SR. Furthermore, higher loading BN in the nanocomposites means better thermal neutron shielding. Namely, enhanced thermal neutron shielding and flexibility is achieved at SR/BN nanocomposite with 40 wt% BN. The present work provides a facile strategy towards superior integrated performance of flexible materials for radiation shielding, such as wearable devices.     

基于变径-变压塔的甲醇/氯仿二元共沸物精馏分离过程热集成与动态控制

研究了基于变径-变压塔(VDC-PSD)联合处理二元共沸物甲醇-氯仿分离过程的热集成,基于Aspen dynamics对动态控制方案进行了仿真验证,并通过改进控制结构实现了对进料流量和进料组成在±20%扰动下的自动控制;在没有增加控制难度的情况下,带有热集成的VDC-PSD可以实现热量的综合利用,提高PSD的经济性。     

Thermal properties of polymer-derived ceramic reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes

We report the thermal properties of boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) reinforced ceramic composites using the polymer derived ceramic (PDC) processing route. The nano-composites had a BNNT loading of up to 35.4 vol.%. TGA results showed that nano-composites have good thermal stability up to 900°C in air. BNNTs in nano-composites survived in an oxidizing environment up to 900°C, revealing that nano-composites can be used for high temperature applications. Thermal conductivity of PDC reinforced with 35.4 vol.% BNNT was measured as 4.123 W/(m·K) at room temperature, which is a 2100 % increase compared to that of pristine PDC. The thermal conductivity value increases with the increase of BNNT content. A thermal conductivity percolation phenomenon appeared when the BNNT content increased to 36 ± 5 vol.%. The results of this study showed that BNNTs could effectively improve the thermal conductivity of PDC materials. BNNT reinforced PDC could be used as thermal structural materials in a harsh environment at temperatures up to 900°C.     

Dielectric properties of polymer-derived ceramic reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes

The electrical and dielectric properties of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) reinforced ceramic composites using the polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) processing route were investigated in this work. The electrical resistivity of the pristine PDC increases from 10⁶ to 10⁸ Ω m after the addition of BNNTs. When the BNNT loading was increased to 5 wt%, the average real relative permittivity of the PDC decreased from 2.94 to 2.80, while the quality factor (Q) of the PDC increased from 134.40 to 176.77. The BNNTs can increase the Q factor of the PDC due to the reduction in the porosity cause by the introduction of the BNNTs. Further increasing the BNNT content decreases the real relative permittivity of the nanocomposites and increases the Q factor at high frequency. The average real relative permittivity decreases to 2.29, while the average Q factor increases to 208.60 when the BNNT content is increased to 30 wt%. The dielectric loss after the addition of high fraction of BNNTs can be explained by the Lorentz resonance relaxation process. Results of this work showed that PDC-BNNT nanocomposites are satisfactory electromagnetic transparent materials when the BNNT fraction is less than 10 wt%.     

高结构导电炭黑填充硅橡胶复合材料的性能

研究了导电炭黑（ＨＧ－ＣＢ）的高结构对乙烯基甲基硅橡胶（ＶＭＱ－１１０）复合材料电性能和机构性能的影响。由ＴＥＭ观察看出,随ＨＧ－ＣＢ用量增加,其在硫化胶中形成的导电网络逐渐完善,用量达１９份（质量份,下同）时已形成完整的导电网络,导电机理可用电子隧道效应来解释,同时随ＨＧ－ＣＢ填充量增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、硬度增大,但对ＶＭＱ－１１０的硫化有影响。欠硫现象严重,ＨＧ－ＣＢ的用量一般控制在１０～１５份,所得硅橡胶复合材料具有较佳的电性能和机械性能。     

Role of the particle size of graphite-like boron nitride in nucleation of cubic boron nitride

The influence of the reduced radius of grains of the graphite-like hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on the nucleation of the cubic boron nitride (c-BN) during synthesis from an initiator solution at a high pressure is analyzed. The colloidal mechanism of nucleation is confirmed experimentally. It is shown that there is a correlation between the nucleus sizes of the hexagonal boron nitride and the pressure of the onset of nucleation of the cubic boron nitride. The effect of these sizes of the hexagonal boron nitride on the concentration of crystal nuclei of the cubic boron nitride is studied. The kinetic nucleation curves are obtained. It is demonstrated that the concentration of crystallization centers depends on the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, as well as on the particle size of the graphite-like hexagonal boron nitride. Original Russian Text ? S.P. Bogdanov, 2008, published in Fizika i Khimiya Stekla.     

不同形态纳米填料增强硅橡胶复合材料的研究进展

概述了近年来不同形态如颗粒型、片层型或纤维型纳米填料填充硅橡胶复合材料的研究进展以及国内外关于制备硅橡胶纳米复合材料的技术,指出了硅橡胶纳米复合材料的研究重点,并预测了其发展方向.