原位合成TiC/Ni3Al表面复合涂层

采用铸造工艺结合SHS技术制备出TiC/Ni3Al表面复合涂层材料,研究了涂层的物相、组织和界面形态.结果表明:Ti-C-3Ni-Al体系反应完全,产物为TiC和Ni3Al.表面复合涂层中直径为1～3 μm的TiC颗粒呈球形镶嵌在Ni3Al基体上,且随着TiC含量的提高,颗粒尺寸略有长大、分布更均匀、涂层更致密;涂层与钢基体界面为良好的冶金结合,界面随TiC含量的变化而呈现出不同的形貌,在w(TiC)<45%时,涂层为一整体,从涂层到界面处Ni、Al、Ti、Fe元素呈梯度变化;在w(TiC)≥45%时,涂层出现了分层现象.     

Ni60-TiO_2-Al-B_4C-C合金激光熔覆涂层的组织及性能

以Ni60、TiO2、B4C、C、Al粉为原料,利用激光熔覆技术在45#号钢表面原位合成制备了TiC/TiB2增强的复合涂层,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、维氏硬度计对涂层组织进行测试分析。结果表明:复合涂层内部无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,与基体呈冶金结合;其主要物相为Ni3(Al,Ti)、TiC、TiB2、(Fe,Cr)7C3和α-Fe;激光熔覆过程中原位合成的块状TiC和六边形状TiB2增强相弥散分布在复合涂层中,明显提高了熔覆层显微硬度;涂层显微硬度呈梯度分布,最大可达767Hv0.2,约为基材显微硬度的3倍。     

化学气相沉积Ti(CN)/TiC/Al_2O_3多层涂层的结构和耐磨性能

采用化学气相沉积技术在42CrMo钢基体表面制备了Ti(CN)/TiC/Al2O3多层涂层,分析了多层涂层的断面形貌、元素分布和物相组成,并研究了多层涂层的显微硬度及其与基体的界面结合力、耐磨性能。结果表明:Ti(CN)/TiC/Al2O3多层涂层的结构较致密,主要由TiC0.2N0.8、TiC、α-Al2O3和Ti2O3组成,厚度约10μm,其显微硬度约2 654HV,涂层与基体间的界面结合力可达62N;与基体相比,多层涂层的平均摩擦因数约降低了23%,磨损量约减少了50%,其磨损机制为疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损。     

原位反应制备Ti_2AlNb/TiC+Ti_3SiC_2梯度材料的激光熔覆组织及成形机理

设计从基体到Ti连接层、Ti+SiC混合过渡层、陶瓷复合层的结构,通过激光熔覆原位反应成功制备Ti_2AlNb/TiC+Ti_3SiC_2体系梯度材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析和X射线衍射仪分析了梯度复合层的微观组织。结果表明,层与层之间结合良好,实现了成分与显微结构的梯度过渡。梯度复合层共有6层,总厚度约1.5 mm,在Ti+SiC的混合过渡层中,Ti与SiC反应生成TiC和Ti_5Si_3,并保留了残余的富Ti相,在Ti+Si+C的陶瓷复合层中,Ti、Si、C元素反应生成Ti_5Si_3、TiC和Ti_3SiC_2。梯度材料从基体、Ti连接层、Ti+SiC混合过渡层再到陶瓷复合层,显微硬度逐渐升高,最高硬度达到1 341 HV,最外层由于三元陶瓷相Ti_3SiC_2的生成,硬度比起TiC、Ti_5Si_3明显降低,因此复合层硬度有所下降。反应产物TiC、Ti5Si3和Ti_3SiC_2均是高熔点化合物,有利于提高材料的耐高温性能。     

激光熔覆Ni/TiC复合涂层组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在45钢样品表面制备了Ni/TiC复合涂层,利用光学显微镜、SEM,EDS,XRD、显微镜硬度计及摩擦磨损试验机等检测设备研究了Ni/TiC复合涂层的组织和性能。试验结果表明：Ni/TiC复合涂层没有出现裂纹、孔洞等缺陷,涂层与基体之间具有良好的冶金结合,涂层显微硬度沿层深皆呈明显的阶梯状分布,最外表面的熔覆层硬度最高,约为800 HV;熔覆试样的比磨损率比基体试样的比磨损率下降了86.5％,表明Ni/TiC复合涂层具有较好的耐磨性能。     

钛合金表面激光熔覆镍-铬-硅复合涂层的显微组织和摩擦学性能

在Ti-5621s合金表面采用激光熔覆制备了镍-铬-硅复合涂层,分析了涂层的显微组织,测试了涂层的硬度和摩擦学性能.结果表明:复合涂层中以Ti5Si3和Cr3Si为主的颗粒增强相弥散分布在β-Ti和γ-Ni两相固溶体中;涂层的硬度较基体有显著的提高;由于金属硅化物Ti5Si3和Cr3Si的高硬度、强原子间结合力,该复合涂层明显地改善了基体合金的摩擦和磨损性能.     

原位合成制备Fe-Ti-Cr-C系复合涂层

以钛铁粉、铬铁粉、铁粉、胶体石墨等为原料，利用原位合成法制备了Fe-Ti-Cr-C系复合涂层，涂层表面光滑、平整，与基体为冶金结合。采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及显微硬度计，研究了涂层的相组成、组织结构、成分分布和涂层内部硬度分布。结果表明：涂层组织由Fe基固溶体、TiC和Cr3C2组成，TiC和Cr3C2是在加热过程中通过反应原位合成的。涂层中细小的TiC颗粒聚集成为块状，而Cr3C2为针状。在涂层表面与界面之间，涂层显微硬度不断发生变化，其值在涂层中达到最大值。     

含h-BN 的钛合金激光熔覆自润滑耐磨涂层的摩擦学行为

为提高Ti6Al4V合金的摩擦学性能,采用激光熔覆技术在钛合金表面制备以TiC、TiB2、CrB等为增强相、γ-Ni基固溶体为增韧相、h-BN为固体润滑相的自润滑耐磨复合涂层;分别在不同载荷下测试复合涂层和Ti6Al4V合金基体的干滑动磨损性能。结果表明,该复合涂层的摩擦因数及磨损率随着载荷的增大呈现先减小后略增大的趋势,并且摩擦因数和磨损率均比Ti6Al4V合金基体显著降低;在中等载荷下,复合涂层中的润滑颗粒被挤出磨损表面形成润滑膜,因而具有较好的自润滑耐磨性能,磨损后表面光滑平整。     

不同温度下沉积TiN/TiCN/Al_2O_3/TiN复合涂层的物相结构和性能

采用高温化学气相沉积技术,于1 000～1 100℃在WC-6%Co硬质合金基体表面制备了TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN复合陶瓷涂层,研究了复合涂层的物相、表面和横截面形貌、显微硬度、界面结合强度和耐磨损性能。结果表明:沉积温度为1 000℃时,复合涂层中Al2O3层为κ相和α相共存;当沉积温度升至1 050℃和1 100℃时,Al2O3层为单一的α相;1 050℃下沉积复合涂层的表面平整、结构致密,1 000℃沉积复合涂层中的TiCN层存在少量孔洞,1 100℃下沉积复合涂层中TiCN层的柱状晶沿某一方向生长比较明显,较高的沉积温度加速了钛元素向Al2O3层的外扩散;1 050℃下沉积复合涂层的显微硬度最大,为1 828HV,该涂层的耐磨损性能最佳,其与基体间的结合强度最高,临界载荷为135.2N。     

添加Y2O3对激光熔覆原位合成TiB2和TiC增强镍基复合涂层组织的影响

在Ti6Al4V合金表面激光熔覆原位合成了TiB2和TiC颗粒增强镍基复合涂层,通过X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜和扫描电镜以及能谱仪研究了添加2%(质量分数)Y2O3对涂层组织的影响。结果表明:未添加Y2O3的涂层由增强相、少量如CrB和基体组织组成;添加Y2O3后,涂层中增强相TiB2的尺寸显著细化且有新相Ni3Y生成,CrB化合物数量减少,涂层与基底形成冶金结合,且界面更平整、致密,成分过渡区有一定程度的缩小。     

用改性纳米SiC粉体强化灰铸铁的性能

研究了不同含量的改性纳米SiC粉体对灰铸铁显微组织、力学性能及耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：与原灰铸铁材料相比,经改性纳米SiC粉体强化处理后的灰铸铁组织明显细化,珠光体含量增加,力学性能、耐磨性能明显提高,当纳米SiC粉体含量为0．1％时,强化材料的性能提高最大,其抗拉强度提高了22．7％,硬度增加了9．3％。     

等离子喷涂WC/Co Fe基涂层摩擦与磨损性能

以普通铸铁为基体,碳化钨陶瓷粉末WC 12Co为热喷涂材料,采用大气等离子法制备WC/Co Fe复合涂层.通过SEM、EDS、XRD等手段对WC/Co Fe涂层微观组织与结构进行表征,并对WC/Co Fe复合涂层耐磨损性能进行测试.结果表明,等离子喷涂制备的WC/Co Fe涂层物相以WC相为主;WC涂层摩擦因数波动小于铸铁材料摩擦因数,表明WC复合涂层具有良好的抗摩擦性能.WC涂层耐磨损性能高于铸铁,主要归因于WC颗粒韧性好、硬度高、抗冲击及抗磨损性能强,与基体金属的结合性好.     

Microstructure and wear properties of in situ TiC/FeCrBSi composite coating prepared by gas tungsten arc welding

Using a gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process, in situ synthesis TiC particles reinforced Fe-based alloy composite coating has been produced by preplaced FeCrBSi alloy, graphite and ferrotitanium powders. The microstructure and wear properties of the composite coatings were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and wear test. The effects of thickness of the pre-placed powder layer on the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were also investigated. The results indicated that TiC particles were produced by direct metallurgical reaction between ferrotitanium and graphite during the GTAW process. TiC particles with sizes in the range of 3–5 μm were dispersed in the matrix. The volume fraction of TiC particles and microhardness gradually increased from the bottom to the top of the composite coatings. The TiC-reinforced composite coatings enhance the hardness and wear resistance. The highest wear resistance of the composite coating with a 1.2 mm layer was obtained.     

Microstructure and wear properties of in situ TiC/FeCrBSi composite coating prepared by gas tungsten arc welding

Using a gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process, in situ synthesis TiC particles reinforced Fe-based alloy composite coating has been produced by pre-coated FeCrBSi alloy, graphite and ferrotitanium powders on the substrate. The microstructure and wear properties of the composite coatings were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and wear test. The effects of thickness of the pre-coated powder layer on the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were also investigated. The results indicated that TiC particles were produced by direct metallurgical reaction between ferrotitanium and graphite during the GTAW process. TiC particles with sizes in the range of 3–5 μm were dispersed in the matrix. The volume fraction of TiC particles and microhardness gradually increased from the bottom to the top of the composite coatings. The TiC-reinforced composite coatings enhance the hardness and wear resistance. The highest wear resistance of the composite coating with a 1.2 mm layer was obtained.     

In Situ NbC Particulate-Reinforced Iron Matrix Composite: Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Characteristics

An niobium carbide (NbC) particle-reinforced iron matrix composite was fabricated by compounding gray cast iron with niobium wires through an in situ technique comprised of an infiltration casting process and a subsequent heat treatment. The NbC particles in the reinforcement phase were synthesized in situ through the reaction between niobium from niobium wires and carbon from the graphite phases produced by the heat treatment in gray cast iron. The microstructure and wear-resistance of the bulk niobium particle-reinforced iron matrix composite was studied at different NbC particle volume fractions (8, 15, 22, and 28 vol%), by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and a wear tester. The NbC particles were observed to form tiny cuboids and nearly spherical particles which were evenly distributed in the matrix. The particle size of the NbC reinforcement was about 0.3?C3.5???m. The relative wear resistance of the bulk composite increased with increasing NbC volume fraction, and the wear resistance of the composite was 5.9-fold higher than that of the gray cast iron under a 20N load and at a 28 vol% volume fraction. Wear performance of the composite at different NbC particle volume fraction values was also analyzed.     

Investigation of abrasive wear resistance and wear mechanism of composite alloys

The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys comprising hard tungsten carbide and soft CuNiMn matrix under different wear conditions has been investigated and compared with CrMo cast iron. It was found that Yz-composite alloy with hard cast angular tungsten carbide has greater wear resistance than CrMo cast iron under two-body wear conditions, but lower resistance than Cr-Mo cast iron under three-body wear conditions. It was found that under three-body wear conditions selective wear of the matrix and digging or fragmentation of tungsten carbide particles dominate in Yz-composite alloy, and microcutting and deformed ploughing is dominant under two-body wear conditions. The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys under two-body wear condition is independent of bulk hardness, but is closely related to the microhardness of tungsten carbide.     

低铬白口铸铁的组织与磨粒磨损性能

采用硅进行低铬白口铸铁的合金化，试验发现，随着硅含量增加，碳化物形貌由网状向断网状、分散孤立的条状转变；碳化物的含量增加，尺寸细化；碳化物硬度及材料的整体硬度也逐渐增加。在铬含量为59／5左右、硅含量〉2．5％时，碳化物出现了M7C3型，耐磨性也随着增加，该材料的抗冲击磨粒磨损性能最好的是下贝氏体组织。淬火温度和冷却方式对该类白口铸铁的抗冲击磨粒磨损性能影响不大。     

Ni-Si3N4复合电镀工艺与耐磨性研究

研究了镀液Si3N4浓度，阴极电流密度、pH值、温度和搅拌方式等工艺参数对Ni—Si3N4复合镀层微粒含量和镀层硬度的影响，在盘销摩擦磨损实验机上对镀层进行了磨损实验。通过实验确定了Ni-Si3N4复合电镀的最佳工艺。结果表明：随着Si3N4共析量的增多复合镀层硬度提高，耐磨性增强；在浸油润滑的条件下，复合镀层的摩擦因数低于纯镍镀层，复合镀层的磨损量小于普通镀镍层。磨痕表面观察表明复合镀层的磨损以磨料磨损为主。     

陶瓷涂层刀具切削灰铸铁的试验研究

为了探究陶瓷涂层刀具涂层材质、基体材质对切削性能的影响,试验采用四种陶瓷涂层刀具连续干切削灰铸铁,测试了切削力和切削温度的变化情况以及后刀面的磨损量和已加工表面的粗糙度。结果表明,在刀具基体同为Si_3N_4的条件下,涂层材质为Ti N/Al_2O_3/Ti C的刀具比Ti N/Al_2O_3的切削性能好;在涂层材质同为Ti N的条件下,刀具基体Al_2O_3/Ti CN比Al_2O_3/Ti C的切削性能好。研究发现:四种陶瓷涂层刀具前刀面磨损形式均为微崩刃和月牙洼,后刀面磨损形式均为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损,涂层的磨损形式均为剥落和扩散磨损。