任意阶正则线性相位小波滤波器的特征滤波器设计方法

小波滤波器的设计是小波分析的关键，本文给出了任意阶正则线性相位近正交小波滤波器的特征滤波器设计方法。     

任意阶正则线性相位小滤波器的特征滤波器设计方法

小波滤波器的设计是小波分析的关键。本文给出了任意２阶正则线性相位近正交小波滤波器的特征滤波器设计方法。     

FIR完全重建滤波器组构造双正交小波基

本文论述了由双正交完全重建滤波器组构造高度正则的双正交小波基的充分条件和构造方法，系统地研究了双正交线性相位ＦＩＲ完全重建滤波器组的解的结构和已知Ｈ０（ｚ）构造完全重建滤波器组的方法，并且实现了用单一的传递函数Ａ（ｚ）构造线性相位ＦＩＲ双正交完全重建滤波器组的设计方法。这种方法的突出优点是滤波器组分析、合成部分中的滤波器可以用数值优化的方法使两者同时逼近理想低通滤波器和理想高通滤波器，即具有良好的频率选择性，并且所有滤波器都具有线性相位的特点。该滤波器组具有良好的梯形实现结构。在具体的滤波器设计中提出了基于均方误差最小准则的特征滤波器的设计方法和基于误差最大值最小准则的Ｒｅｍｅｚ交换法。而且上述方法设计的滤波器组可以构造出具有高度正则性的光滑的双正交小波基。     

具有任意正则阶的M-带对称正交小波设计

利用计算代数中Grobner基与合冲模的概念与算法,论文提出了一种多相位矩阵的正交化方法,在此基础上得到了同时具有对称性和任意正则阶的M-带正交小波的高效设计方法.克服了现有算法构造过程复杂以及不能保持线性相位的缺陷,另外,当所求得的尺度滤波器系数为参数形式时,本文算法求得的小波滤波器也为含参数的,因而可以根据实际问题灵活选取适当参数从而得到所需要的M-带小波系统.     

小波变换中具有任意阶正则性及线性相位FIR滤波器的逼近

本文提出了小波变换中线性相位上有任意阶正则性的ＦＩＲ共轭镜像滤波器的逼近方法，证明用此方法获得的滤波器均方误差最小，并比较了它的幅频特性、能量集中特性、正则性。实验表明，本文得到的滤波器具有很好的综合性能，适于进行数据压缩的应用。     

夏克-哈特曼传感器任意形状孔径波前的模式重构及Zernike多项式描述

根据高等代数内积和欧氏空间的概念及线性无关向量正交化方法 ,提出了在任意形状区域上 ,利用Zernike多项式在给定区域的正交化方法 ,通过线性变换生成一组新的正交多项式 ,实现在任意区域哈特曼 夏克波前传感器的相位模式重构的方法 ,并通过线性反变换 ,实现任意区域的波前相位的Zernike多项式表示。     

一种基于循环移位图的全相位DFT数字滤波器频率响应的求取法

本文提出了一种新型的全相位DFT数字滤波器频率响应的求取方法—循环移位图法,它是基于全相位滤波器和原有FIR滤波器的相互关系而构造的,充分体现了Fourier变换的循环移位性质和卷积窗的关系。该方法直观,深刻反映了全相位滤波器的内在机理。文中以N=3为例,说明了全相位滤波器的衍生过程。并以N=7阶全相位滤波器为例,分别在无窗、单窗和双窗条件下,推导出了全相位滤波器频率响应的数学表达式,并且用该表达式结合实验结果解释了全相位滤波器的优良特性。然后分别用所有数字角频率的正弦信号对全相位数字滤波器进行仿真实验测试,该仿真实验证明:测试出的频率响应曲线和理论推导完全一致。本文最后还推导出任意阶、任意种加窗方式下的全相位数字滤波器的频率响应公式。     

一类易于VLSI实现的对称双正交小波设计方法研究

该文提出了一类对称双正交小波的设计方法。该类双正交小波的小波滤波器组具有格形结构,实现该小波变换的分析滤波器组和综合滤波器组满足双正交条件和正则性条件,且设计的各滤波器均为实数二进制系数,因而该小波变换易于高速VLSI实现。文中的理论推导和设计实例,均验证了该设计方法的有效性。     

紧支集双正交小波及其对应的FIR滤波器的一种构造方法

给出了一种利用Ｂ样条构造具有线性相位的紧支集对偶尺度函数，对应的紧支集双正交小波及其相应的ＦＩＲ滤波器组的方法。     

航空图像压缩的双正交小波滤波器整数化设计

在航空图像压缩中,通常采用具有线性相位、正则性、消失矩和完全重构,及适于硬件实现、实时等特性的小波。根据小波滤波器设计,提出了一种基于图像压缩的构造整数双正交小波滤波器的设计方法。从选择小波基的原则为出发点,以CDF9-7小波基为参考,以压缩效果为准则来构造出更优的双正交整数小波基,并且采用航空图像为标准训练图像,以压缩比、峰值信噪比、压缩后保留能量百分比为参数,来寻找最优的小波基。试验结果证明,此方法可以实施非常简单的、无浮点乘法的运算,因而减少运算复杂性以及降低小波硬件实现的难度。     

The theory and design of arbitrary-length cosine-modulated filterbanks and wavelets, satisfying perfect reconstruction

It is well known that FIR filter banks that satisfy the perfect-reconstruction (PR) property can be obtained by cosine modulation of a linear-phase prototype filter of length N=2mM, where M is the number of channels. In this paper, we present a PR cosine-modulated filter bank where the length of the prototype filter is arbitrary. The design is formulated as a quadratic-constrained least-squares optimization problem, where the optimized parameters are the prototype filter coefficients. Additional regularity conditions are imposed on the filter bank to obtain the cosine-modulated orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets. Design examples are given     

Iterative procedure for designing two-dimensional FIR filters

We describe a new iterative method to design two-dimensional linear-phase FIR filters with arbitrary magnitude characteristic. The procedure is simple and can be used easily in designing filters of large order. This method is based on the use of the method of projection on to convex sets and can be implemented using the FFT algorithm.     

Synthesis of Wideband Linear-Phase FIR Filters with a Piecewise-Polynomial-Sinusoidal Impulse Response

A method is presented to synthesize wideband linear-phase finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters with a piecewise-polynomial-sinusoidal impulse response. The method is based on merging the earlier synthesis scheme proposed by the authors to design piecewise-polynomial filters with the method proposed by Chu and Burrus. The method uses an arbitrary number of separately generated center coefficients instead of only one or none as used in the method by Chu–Burrus. The desired impulse response is created by using a parallel connection of several filter branches and by adding an arbitrary number of center coefficients to form it. This method is especially effective for designing Hilbert transformers by using Type 4 linear-phase FIR filters, where only real-valued multipliers are needed in the implementation. The arithmetic complexity is proportional to the number of branches, the common polynomial order for each branch, and the number of separate center coefficients. For other linear-phase FIR filter types the arithmetic complexity depends additionally on the number of complex multipliers. Examples are given to illustrate the benefits of this method compared to the frequency-response masking (FRM) technique with regard to reducing the number of coefficients as well as arithmetic complexity.     

Design of two-dimensional digital filters using singular-valuedecomposition and balanced approximation method

It is shown that the singular-value decomposition (SVD) of the sampled amplitude response of a two-dimensional (2-D) digital filter possesses a special structure: every singular vector is either mirror-image symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to its midpoint. Consequently, the SVD can be applied along with 1-D finite impulse response (FIR) techniques for the design of linear-phase 2-D filters with arbitrary prescribed amplitude responses which are symmetrical with respect to the origin of the (ωΨω₂) plane. The balanced approximation method is applied to linear-phase 2-D FIR filters of the type that may be obtained by using the SVD method. The method leads to economical and computationally efficient filters, usually infinite impulse response filters, which have prescribed amplitude responses and whose phase responses are approximately linear     

Two Classes of Frequency-Response Masking Linear-Phase FIR Filters for Interpolation and Decimation

This paper introduces two classes of frequency-response masking (FRM) linear-phase finite (length) impulse response (FIR) filters for interpolation and decimation by arbitrary integer factors M. As they are based on the FRM approach, the proposed filters are low-complexity (efficient) sharp-transition linear-phase FIR interpolation and decimation filters. Compared to previously existing FRM linear-phase FIR filter classes for interpolation and decimation, the new ones offer lower complexity and more freedom in selecting the locations of the passband and stopband edges. Furthermore, the proposed classes of FRM filters can, as special cases, realize efficient Mth-band FRM linear-phase FIR interpolation and decimation filters for all values of M. Previously, only half-band (M = 2) FRM linear-phase FIR filters have appeared in the literature. The paper includes design techniques suitable for the new filters and design examples illustrating their efficiency.     

A class of regular biorthogonal linear-phase filterbanks: theory, structure, and application in image coding

This paper discusses a method of regularity imposition onto biorthogonal linear-phase M-band filterbanks using the lattice structure. A lifting structure is proposed for lattice matrix parameterization where regularity constraints can be imposed. The paper focuses on cases with analysis and synthesis filterbanks having up to two degrees of regularity. Necessary and sufficient conditions for regular filterbanks in terms of the filter impulse response, frequency response, scaling function, and wavelets are revisited and are derived in terms of the lattice matrices. This also leads to a constraint on the minimum filter length. Presented design examples are optimized for the purpose of image coding, i.e., the main objectives are coding gain and frequency selectivity. Simulation results from an image coding application also show that these transforms yield improvement in the perceptual quality in the reconstruction images. The approach has also been extended to the case of integer/rational lifting coefficients, which are desirable in many practical applications.     

Realization of 2-D linear-phase FIR filters by using thesingular-value decomposition

The singular-value decomposition (SVD) technique is investigated for the realization of a general two-dimensional (2-D) linear-phase FIR filter with an arbitrary magnitude response. A parallel realization structure consisting of a number of one-dimensional (1-D) FIR subfilters is obtained by applying the SVD to the impulse response of a 2-D filter. It is shown that by using the symmetry property of the 2-D impulse response and by developing an appropriate unitary transformation, an SVD yielding linear-phase constituent 1-D filters can always be obtained so that the efficient structures of the 1-D linear-phase filters can be exploited for 2-D realization. It is shown that when the 2-D filter to be realized has some specified symmetry in its magnitude response, the proposed SVD realization would yield a magnitude characteristic with the same symmetry. An analysis is carried out to obtain tight upper bounds for the errors in the impulse response as well as in the frequency response of the realized filter. It is shown that the number of parallel sections can be reduced significantly without introducing large errors, even in the case of 2-D filters with nonsymmetric magnitude response     

On fast FIR filters implemented as tail-canceling IIR filters

We have developed an algorithm based on synthetic division for deriving the transfer function that cancels the tail of a given arbitrary rational (IIR) transfer function after a desired number of time steps. Our method applies to transfer functions with repeated poles, whereas previous methods of tail-subtraction cannot. We use a parallel state-variable technique with periodic refreshing to induce finite memory in order to prevent accumulation of quantization error in cases where the given transfer function has unstable modes. We present two methods for designing linear-phase truncated IIR (TIIR) filters based on antiphase filters. We explore finite-register effects for unstable modes and provide bounds on the maximum TIIR filter length. In particular, we show that for unstable systems, the available dynamic range of the registers must be three times that of the data. Considerable computational savings over conventional FIR filters are attainable for a given specification of linear-phase filter. We provide examples of filter design. We show how to generate finite-length polynomial impulse responses using TIIR filters. We list some applications of TIIR filters, including uses in digital audio and an algorithm for efficiently implementing Kay's optimal high-resolution frequency estimator     

Design of oversampled nonuniform filter banks with arbitrary rational frequency partitioning

Among the theory and design of oversampled nonuniform filter banks (NUFBs), most of the existing works only consider the cases with integer decimators, and up to now the issue with rational sampling factors has not been discussed yet. In this paper, we generalize the partial modulation technique to realize arbitrary rational frequency partitioning of oversampled NUFBs with highly desired linear-phase (LP) property. Further for the subbands with sampling factors violating the guard band restriction, a phase-modification scheme is derived to avoid uneliminable large aliasing and meanwhile preserving the LP characteristics of shifted analysis/synthesis filters. By using the proposed method, the design issue of LP oversampled NUFBs can be reduced to that of several prototypes, decreasing the design complexity largely. As illustrated by examples, the proposed algorithm is more general in terms of arbitrary rational decimation and thus has broad application prospects.