Response to Chuang and Ho’s comments on “a bibliometric study of the trend in articles related to eutrophication published in Science Citation Index”

This note is a response Chuang and Ho’s comments regarding to the appropriate selection of keywords for a bibliometric study entitled “a bibliometric study of the trend in articles related to eutrophication published in Science Citation Index” published in Scientometrics. Chuang’s inquiry was Huang and Yi’s careless use of filter, which had committed inaccurate results and wrong conclusions. This short note will explain the authors’ arguments to Chuang and Ho’s inquiry in two folds, the conceptual analysis of keywords selection, and bibliometric comparison between ‘eutrophication’ and ‘eutrophication and eutrophic’.     

An impact-citations-exergy (<Emphasis Type="Italic">iCX</Emphasis>) trajectory analysis of leading research institutions in India

A thermodynamic analogy allows bibliometric research assessment of information production processes to be based on a scalar indicator which is an energy-like term called exergy. Derived from standard indicators like impact, citations and number of papers, the exergy indicator X is a multiplicative product of quality and quantity of a scientist’s or group’s performance using available bibliometric information. Thus, given the bibliometric sequences of leading research agencies and institutions, research performance can be displayed as trajectories on a two-dimensional map as time progresses. In this paper, we track the performance of several of the leading players contributing to academic scientific research in India.     

A ranking of universities should account for differences in their disciplinary specialization

A bibliometric analysis of the 50 most frequently publishing Spanish universities shows large differences in the publication activity and citation impact among research disciplines within an institution. Gini Index is a useful measure of an institution’s disciplinary specialization and can roughly categorize universities in terms of general versus specialized. A study of the Spanish academic system reveals that assessment of a university’s research performance must take into account the disciplinary breadth of its publication activity and citation impact. It proposes the use of graphs showing not only a university’s article production and citation impact, but also its disciplinary specialization. Such graphs constitute both a warning and a remedy against one-dimensional approaches to the assessment of institutional research performance.     

Bibliometric fingerprints: name disambiguation based on approximate structure equivalence of cognitive maps

Authorship identity has long been an Achilles’ heel in bibliometric analyses at the individual level. This problem appears in studies of scientists’ productivity, inventor mobility and scientific collaboration. Using the concepts of cognitive maps from psychology and approximate structural equivalence from network analysis, we develop a novel algorithm for name disambiguation based on knowledge homogeneity scores. We test it on two cases, and the results show that this approach outperforms other common authorship identification methods with the ASE method providing a relatively simple algorithm that yields higher levels of accuracy with reasonable time demands.     

Does cumulative advantage affect collective learning in science? An agent-based simulation

Agent-based simulation can model simple micro-level mechanisms capable of generating macro-level patterns, such as frequency distributions and network structures found in bibliometric data. Agent-based simulations of organisational learning have provided analogies for collective problem solving by boundedly rational agents employing heuristics. This paper brings these two areas together in one model of knowledge seeking through scientific publication. It describes a computer simulation in which academic papers are generated with authors, references, contents, and an extrinsic value, and must pass through peer review to become published. We demonstrate that the model can fit bibliometric data for a token journal, Research Policy. Different practices for generating authors and references produce different distributions of papers per author and citations per paper, including the scale-free distributions typical of cumulative advantage processes. We also demonstrate the model’s ability to simulate collective learning or problem solving, for which we use Kauffman’s NK fitness landscape. The model provides evidence that those practices leading to cumulative advantage in citations, that is, papers with many citations becoming even more cited, do not improve scientists’ ability to find good solutions to scientific problems, compared to those practices that ignore past citations. By contrast, what does make a difference is referring only to publications that have successfully passed peer review. Citation practice is one of many issues that a simulation model of science can address when the data-rich literature on scientometrics is connected to the analogy-rich literature on organisations and heuristic search.     

Mapping scientific institutions

We have developed a set of routines that allows to draw easily different maps of the research carried out in a scientific institution. Our toolkit uses OpenSource elements to analyze bibliometric data gathered from the Web Of Science. We take the example of our institution, ENS de Lyon, to show how different maps, using co-occurrence (of authors, keywords, institutions…) and bibliographic coupling can be built. These maps may become a valuable tool for discussing institutions’ policies, as they offer different views on the institution at a global scale.     

‘Triad’ or ‘tetrad’? On global changes in a dynamic world

The US-EU race for world leadership in science and technology has become the favourite subject of recent studies. Studies issued by the European Commission reported the increase of the European share in the world’s scientific production and announced world leadership of the EU in scientific output at the end of the last century. In order to be able to monitor those types of global changes, the present study is based on the 15-year period 1991–2005. A set of bibliometric and technometric indicators is used to analyse activity and impact patterns in science and technology output. This set comprises publication output indicators such as (1) the share in the world total, (2) subject-based publication profiles, (3) citation-based indicators like journal-and subject-normalised mean citation rates, (4) international co-publications and their impact as well as (5) patent indicators and publication-patent citation links (both directions). The evolution of national bibliometric profiles, ‘scientific weight’ and science-technology linkage patterns are discussed as well. The authors show, using the mirror of science and technology indicators, that the triad model does no longer hold in the 21^st century. China is challenging the leading sciento-economic powers and the time is approaching when this country will represent the world’s second largest potential in science and technology. China and other emerging scientific nations like South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil and Turkey are already changing the balance of power as measured by scientific production, as they are at least in part responsible for the relative decline of the former triad.     

Cardiovascular research in Spain. A comparative scientometric study

A bibliometric analysis of Spanish cardiovascular research is presented. The study focuses on the productivity, visibility and citation impact in an international, notably European context. Special attention is given to international collaboration. The underlying bibliographic data are collected from Thomson Reuters’s Web of Science on the basis of a ‘hybrid’ search strategy combining core journals, lexical terms and citation links especially developed for the field of cardiology.     

A variation of the calculation of the first author cocitation strength in author cocitation analysis

The method of author cocitation analysis (ACA) was first presented by White and Griffith in 1981 as a “literature measure of intellectual structure” and its applicability for the mapping of areas of science has since then been tested in various bibliometric science mapping studies. In this study, an experimental method of calculating the first or single author cocitation frequency is presented and compared with the standard method. Applying Ward’s method of clustering, the analysis revealed that the two approaches did not produce similar results and a tentative interpretation of deviations was that the experimental method provided with a more detailed depiction of the specialty structure. It was also concluded that a number of additional research questions need to be resolved before a comprehensive understanding of the suggested method’s merits and demerits is reached.     

A bibliometric study of psychological research on tourism

The psychology of tourism is a new, multidisciplinary research field. However, no systematic analyses of the scientific production in this field have been carried out to date. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the area of psychology of tourism between 1990 and 2005. The evolution of scientific production during this period, Price’s, Lotka’s and Bradford’s laws and citation patterns were studied. The results show a significant growth in the literature on the subject, as well as an increase in coauthorship and institutional collaboration. Bibliometric laws and empiric regularities observed in other disciplines are also present in this new research field.     

Aggregation properties of relative impact and other classical indicators: Convexity issues and the Yule-Simpson paradox

Among classical bibliometric indicators, direct and relative impact measures for countries or other players in science are appealing and standard. Yet, as shown in this article, they may exhibit undesirable statistical properties, or at least ones that pose questions of interpretation in evaluation and benchmarking contexts. In this article, we address two such properties namely sensitivity to the Yule-Simpson effect, and a problem related to convexity. The Yule-Simpson effect can occur for direct impacts and, in a variant form, for relative impact, causing an apparent incoherence between field values and the aggregate (all-fields) value. For relative impacts, it may result in a severe form of ‘out-range’ of aggregate values, where a player’s relative impact shifts from ‘good’ to ‘bad’, or conversely. Out-range and lack of convexity in general are typical of relative impact indicators. Using empirical data, we suggest that, for relative impact measures, ‘out-range’ due to lack of convexity is not exceptional. The Yule-Simpson effect is less frequent, and especially occurs for small players with particular specialisation profiles.     

The Journal’s Integrated Impact Index: a new indicator for journal evaluation

Journal impact factor (JIF) has been used for journal evaluation over a long time, but also accompanied by the continuing controversy. In this study, a new indicator, the Journal’s Integrated Impact Index (JIII) has been proposed for journal evaluation. In the JIII, one journal’s average citations per paper, total citations, and all journals’ average level of average citations per paper and total citations have been used to characterize the integrated impact of journals. Some contrastive analyses were carried out between JIII and JIF. The results show some interesting properties of the new indicator, and also reveal some relevant relationships among JIII, JIF, and other bibliometric indicators.     

The quality-quantity-quasity and energy-exergy-entropy exegesis of expected value calculation of citation performance

Quantitative assessment of information production processes requires the definition of a robust citation performance indicator. This is particularly so where there is a need to introduce a normalization mechanism for correcting for quality across field and disciplines. In this paper, we offer insights from the “thermodynamic” approach in terms of quality, quantity and quasity and energy, exergy and entropy to show how the recently introduced expected value measure can be rationalized and improved. The normalized energy indicator E is proposed as a suitable single number scalar indicator of a scientist’s or group’s performance (i.e. as a multiplicative product of quality and quantity), when complete bibliometric information is available.     

Input of creep and shrinkage characteristics for a structural analysis program

Presented is a computer program for the input of creep and shrinkage properties for a structural analysis program. The program either accepts numerical data on the compliance function and the shrinkage function at discrete load durations and ages at loading, or uses the recent BP Model for creep involving the double-power law. The most useful characteristic is the availability of thirteen different options for specifying the creep and shrinkage parameters; sealed conditions or drying conditions, creep values specified and interpolation to be used, parameter of a creep formula specified, or creep formula automatically fitted to given creep data, short time data specified and extrapolation done by a formula, etc. In addition to returning the compliance function, the program also calculates the relaxation function and the age-dependent elastic moduli of a Maxwell chain model that is equivalent to the given creep properties. The program is particularly suitable for the input of creep characteristics for a large-scale finite element analysis.

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Résumé On présente l’informatisation des propriétés de fluage et de retrait qui entre dans un programme d’analyse structurale. Le programme soit accepte les données numériques de la fonction d’adaptation plastique et de la fonction de retrait pour des durées de chargement et des ages au chargement discrets, soit utilise le récent modèle de fluage BP à loi de double puissance. La caractéristique la plus utile est qu’on dispose de treize options différentes pour spécifier les paramètres de fluage et de retrait: conditions d’étanchéité ou conditions de séchage, valeurs spécifiées de fluage et interpolations, paramètres d’une formule spécifiée de fluage ou formules de fluage telles qu’elles donnent automatiquement les valeurs de fluage, valeurs spécifiées pour de courtes durées et extrapolations à partir d’une équation, etc. Outre qu’il restitue la fonction d’adaptation, le programme permet aussi de calculer la fonction de relaxation et les modules élastiques en relation avec l’age d’un modèle HN de Maxwell, soit l’équivalent des propriétés de fluage données. Le programme se prête particulièrement à l’introduction des caractéristiques de fluage pour une analyse par éléments finis à grande échelle.

     

Publication outlets and their effect on academic writers’ citations

This article focuses on how and why the publication outlets in which academic writers’ work appears can impact on their citations, as part of a qualitative interview-based study of computer scientists’ and sociologists’ citing behaviour. Informants spoke of how they cited differently when writing in outlets aimed at a less knowledgeable audience, and for audiences from different disciplines and in different parts of the world. Citation behaviour can also be affected when writing for journals which favour different research paradigms, and the word limits journals impose led some informants to cite more selectively than they would have wished. The implications of the findings and the strengths and weaknesses of the interview-based method of investigation are also discussed.     

The global science base of information and communication technologiges: Bibliometric analysis of ICT research papers

The science and engineering base is a key source of knowledge for the development and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). In order to be able to effectively describe and monitor world-wide scientific activity related to ICTs, it is important to be able to provide reliable macro-level statistics of this knowledge base. International bibliographic databases and related bibliometric indicators together provide an analytical framework and appropriate measures to cover both the ‘supply side’—research capabilities and outputs—and ‘demand side’—collaboration, diffusion and citation impact—related to the ICT research. This paper presents results of such a bibliometric study describing macro-level features of this ICT knowledge base. The data were retrieved from a specially developedCWTS ICT Database which provides a broad-scope world-wide coverage of ICT-relevant research papers published in high-quality international scientific and technical journals. The cross-country comparison focuses on the level of scientific output and co-operation patterns of the most actively publishing nations with a focus on the three Triad zones—the European Union, the USA and Japan.     

触觉设计的研究热点与发展趋势

目的 使用文献计量学对2001年至2023年触觉设计领域的研究进行可视化研究,剖析当前的研究现状,旨在探索该领域的研究热点与未来发展趋势。方法 选取WoS核心合集为数据源平台,采用文献计量分析法,结合使用Bibliometrix和VOSviewer对该领域发文量、期刊、研究力量和共被引文献进行定量分析并绘制知识图谱,运用Bibliometrix与CiteSpace生成关键词聚类网络和主题地图,综合分析该领域的热门主题及发展趋势。结果 触觉设计领域的论文产出保持持续增长的态势,所涉及到的学科有计算机科学、材料科学、生物医学、心理学、食品科学等,美国、中国、日本处于该领域的前列,且三个国家之间均有合作关系。关键词聚类和突显词图谱显示触觉设计的研究分为三个阶段,即初始认知阶段、神经基础和交互感知阶段、触觉研究的应用阶段。结论 得出触觉设计领域的线性设计模型,即从个体的神经科学角度出发,基于感知维度对材料属性进行触觉体验以得出触觉偏好并应用到实际的产品设计中。未来还应对触觉设计领域进行不断挖掘与探索,将触觉技术应用到实际的产品中,帮助感官障碍人士拓展社会活动能力,赋予消费者以实质性的感知情感体验,提升产品的情感价值。