Green Synthesis of Chromium Oxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial,Antioxidant Anticancer,and Biocompatibility Activities

This study deals with the green synthesis of chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) nanoparticles using a leaf extract of Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet as a reducing and capping agent. Different characterization techniques were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction technique confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles. The average size of the nanoparticles ranged from 17 to 42 nm. The antibacterial activity of the green synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against four different bacterial strains, E. coli, S. aureus, B. bronchiseptica, and B. subtilis using agar well diffusion and a live/dead staining assay. The anticancer activities were determined against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cancer cells using MTT and a live/dead staining assay. Antioxidant activity was investigated in the linoleic acid system. Moreover, the cytobiocompatibility was analyzed against the Vero cell lines using MTT and a live/dead staining assay. The results demonstrated that the green synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles exhibited superior antibacterial activity in terms of zones of inhibition (ZOIs) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compared to plant extracts and chemically synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles (commercial), but comparable to the standard drug (Leflox). The green synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles exhibited significant anticancer and antioxidant activities against MCF-7 cancerous cells and the linoleic acid system, respectively, compared to chemically synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles. Moreover, cytobiocompatibility analysis displayed that they presented excellent biocompatibility with Vero cell lines than that of chemically synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles. These results suggest that the green synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles’ enhanced biological activities might be attributed to a synergetic effect. Hence, green synthesized Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles could prove to be promising candidates for future biomedical applications.     

Enhanced Catalytic,Antibacterial and Anti-cancer Activities of Erythromycin Capped Gold Nanoparticles

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In this study, the nanosized spherical erythromycin capped gold nanoparticles (eryth-Au(0)NPs) were fabricated for the first time....     

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Olea europaea Leaf Extract for Their Enhanced Antibacterial,Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Biocompatibility Applications

Herein, we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (OE-Ag NPs) by ecofriendly green processes using biological molecules of Olea europaea leaf extract. Green synthesized OE-Ag NPs were successfully characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. Antibacterial activity of OE-Ag NPs was assessed against four different bacteriological strains using the dilution serial method. The cytotoxic potential was determined against MCF-7 carcinoma cells using MTT assay in terms of cell viability percentage. Antioxidant properties were evaluated in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. Biocompatibility was further examined by incubating the synthesized NPs with hMSC cells for 24 h. The results were demonstrated that synthesized OE-Ag NPs presented excellent log₁₀ reduction in the growth of all the tested bacterial strains, which as statistically equivalent (p > 0.05) to the standard antibiotic drug. Moreover, they also demonstrated excellent cytotoxic efficacy against the MCF-7 carcinoma cells compared to plant lead extract and Com-Ag NPs. Green synthesized OE-Ag NPs appeared more biocompatible to hMSC and 293T cells compared to Com-Ag NPs. Excellent biological results of the OE-Ag NPs might be attributed to the synergetic effect of NPs’ properties and the adsorbed secondary metabolites of plant leaf extract. Hence, this study suggests that synthesized OE-Ag NPs can be a potential contender for their various biological and nutraceutical applications. Moreover, this study will open a new avenue to produce biocompatible nanoparticles with additional biological functionalities from the plants.     

Green Chemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Catalytic Activity

Silver nanoparticles (Ag(0) NPs) were synthesized by the chemical reduction method, in which ceftriaxone (antibiotic) used as reducing (to convert Ag⁺ to Ag(0)) and capping agent. UV–Visible spectroscopy revealed the first indication of formation of Ag(0) NPs. FT-IR spectroscopy showed the interaction of formation of bonding between antibiotic standard and silver. X-ray powder diffraction powder pattern confirmed the crystalline nature of prepared Ag(0) NPs. These Ag(0) NPs were used as catalyst for three organic hazardous chemicals i.e., 4-nitro-1,3-Phenylene diamine, 6-methyl-2-nitroanilline, 4-methyle-2-nitroanilline. The prepared Ag(0) NPs showed good catalytic activity against these compounds.     

金纳米粒的绿色合成及其在铜离子检测中的应用

以改性酵母细胞为稳定剂和还原剂,在氢氧化钠存在下通过原位还原氯金酸绿色合成了荧光金纳米粒(AuNPs),并对其进行了X-射线衍射和紫外光谱表征。基于Cu2+对AuNPs的荧光猝灭作用,建立了一种快速简便地检测食品中微量Cu2+的方法。结果表明,Cu2+浓度在0.001~0.2μg·mL-1范围内,AuNPs的荧光猝灭程度与Cu2+浓度间呈良好的线性关系。方法的准确度和精密度满足食品分析的要求,已成功用于大米和豆干中微量Cu2+的测定。     

Green Synthesis of Endolichenic Fungi Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles: The Role in Antimicrobial,Anti-Cancer,and Mosquitocidal Activities

Green nanotechnology is currently a very crucial and indispensable technology for handling diverse problems regarding the living planet. The concoction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has opened new insights in cancer therapy. The current investigation caters to the concept of the involvement of a novel eco-friendly avenue to produce AgNPs employing the wild endolichenic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus. The synthesized Talaromyces funiculosus–AgNPs were evaluated with the aid of UV visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized Talaromyces funiculosus–AgNPs (TF-AgNPs) exhibited hemo-compatibility as evidenced by a hemolytic assay. Further, they were evaluated for their efficacy against foodborne pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, and Micrococcus luteus and nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains. The synthesized TF-AgNPs displayed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner against MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells and eventually condensed the chromatin material observed through the Hoechst 33342 stain. Subsequent analysis using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy provided the inference of a possible role of intracellular ROS (OH⁻, O⁻, H₂O₂, and O₂⁻) radicals in the destruction of mitochondria, DNA machinery, the nucleus, and overall damage of the cellular machinery of breast cancerous cells. The combined effect of predation by the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis and TF-AgNPS for the larval management of dengue vectors were provided. A promising larval control was evident after the conjunction of both predatory organisms and bio-fabricated nanoparticles. Thus, this study provides a novel, cost-effective, extracellular approach of TF-AgNPs production with hemo-compatible, antioxidant, and antimicrobial efficacy against both human and foodborne pathogens with cytotoxicity (dose dependent) towards MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma.     

一种新型席夫碱及其铜配合物的合成与抑菌活性的研究

在非水溶荆中合成出一种未见报道的新型席夫碱试剂1-对氯苯基-3-苯基-4-呋喃甲酰基-吡唑酮-5缩糠胺(L)及其铜配合物.由元素分析、质谱和摩尔电导值推测出配合物的组成为CuL2,通过红外光谱、紫外先谱和核磁共振氢谱等对配体争配合物进行了结构表征并做了初步的抑茵活性实验.结果表明,配体以酮式和烯醇式共存,配位时完全异构化为酮式结构,通过吡唑啉酮环羰基上O原子和亚胺基上的N原子以双齿形式与中心离子成键,配合物的配位数为4;配合物对枯草杆茵、大肠杆菌、大肠杆菌(101)和金黄色葡萄球茵的抑制作用较配体更强.     

Enhanced Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnSe Nanoparticles

Water and microbial contamination is a serious issues to aquatic system and human health. The metal selenide has a tremendous technique to degrade the dyes and bacteria.The present work reports the synthesis of ZnSe nanoparticles in a simple co-precipitation method. The synthesized samples were analyzed by structural, optical, morphological, catalytic and biological activity. The size and bandgap by annealing temperature tuning which are confirm by X-ray Diffraction and UV–Visible spectrometer. The quasi-spherical shapes were confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope.The photo excited electrons have trapped the metals and promoting the degradation system. The release of ions to the surface was acknowledged by Photo Luminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic dye degradation of the Methyl Orange showed that the enhanced activity in high temperature. The photocatalytic dye degradation activity suggested that the temperature change the production of free radicals and ROS formation. The hydroxyl radicals were slewing the dye molecules and bacteria. The obtained results giving the information of ZnSe nanoparticles are one of the fascinating research areas in the current research world. Because of its large application in different field it acts as a promoting catalytic and biological application.

Graphical Abstract

     

Green Synthesis of Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanoparticle,Characterization, Antimicrobial Activities,and Cytotoxicity Analysis in Cancerous and Normal Cell Lines

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - The production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using chemical synthesis routes require hazardous and toxic solvents. Nowadays, there...     

不对称水杨醛亚胺Schiff碱及其铜（Ⅱ）配合物的合成和抑菌活性研究

合成了一种新5-溴水杨醛亚胺席夫碱配体及其与铜(Ⅱ)的配合物，并由元素分析和红外光谱所表征。采用琼脂稀释法测定了配合物的抑菌活性，测得了它们抑制细菌生长的最小浓度。结果表明，Schiff碱对几种受试菌均有较强的抑制作用。配合物比配体有更高的抑菌活性。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Antibacterial Activity of Spinel Chromium-Substituted Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application

Metal ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) attracted much attention due to their superparamagnetic, catalytic properties and surface area to volume ratio. Among these spinel ferrite NPs have shown immense potential in nanomedicine. The objective of present research work was the synthesis of chromium-substituted spinel copper ferrite NPs [(CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄ (0.0?≤?x?≤?1.0)] by coprecipitation method and characterization of their antibacterial activity against E. coli. The synthesized ferrite NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, UV- Vis diffuse reflectance, SEM, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) techniques. XRD analysis confirmed that the all the samples were cubic spinel in structure with crystal size of 43.3–20.2 nm. It has been found that as the amount of dopant (Cr) increases, size of the NPs decreased. The E_g values were found in the range of 1.20–1.80 eV for CuCrxFe_2???xO₄ (0.0?≤?x?≤?1.0) NPs as analyzed by UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The BET surface area of Cr-substituted ferrite NPs decreases as Cr content increased while the pore diameter increases when moved from CuFe₂O₄ to CuCrFeO₂ analyzed by BJH. The antibacterial activity increases as the concentration of dopant (Cr) increased. It has been found that CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄ NPs inhibit bacterial growth in a size dependent manner i.e., small size NPs (CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄; 20.2 nm; x?=?1.0) exhibit strong antibacterial activity (MIC; 2.5 mg/ml), whereas large size NPs (CuCr_xFe_2?xO_4; 43.3 nm; x?=?0.0) inhibit bacterial growth at concentration of more 16 mg/ml. SEM micrograph shows that CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄ NPs get adhered to bacterial cell surfaces and damaged the cell membrane due to interaction between NPs and cell membrane. Cells treated with CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄ NPs were irregular and abnormal in shape with distorted cell membrane. CuCr_xFe_2?xO₄ NPs severely damaged E. coli cells might be because of formation of pits, indentation, deformation and distortion of cell wall and membrane, indicating significant loss of membrane integrity that may lead to cell death.     

New Antimicrobial Hexapeptides: Synthesis,Antimicrobial Activities,Cytotoxicity, and Mechanistic Studies

Synthetic antimicrobial peptides have recently emerged as promising candidates against drug‐resistant pathogens. We identified a novel hexapeptide, Orn‐D ‐Trp‐D ‐Phe‐Ile‐D ‐Phe‐His(1‐Bzl)‐NH₂, which exhibits broad‐spectrum antifungal and antibacterial activity. A lead optimization was undertaken by conducting a full amino acid scan with various proteinogenic and non‐proteinogenic amino acids depending on the hydrophobic or positive‐charge character of residues at various positions along the sequence. The hexapeptide was also cyclized to study the correlation between the linear and cyclic structures and their respective antimicrobial activities. The synthesized peptides were found to be active against the fungus Candida albicans and Gram‐positive bacteria such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, as well as the Gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli; MIC values for the most potent structures were in the range of 1–5 μg mL^?1 (IC₅₀ values in the range of 0.02–2 μg mL^?1). Most of the synthesized peptides showed no cytotoxic effects in an MTT assay up to the highest test concentration of 200 μg mL^?1. A tryptophan fluorescence quenching study was performed in the presence of negatively charged and zwitterionic model membranes, mimicking bacterial and mammalian membranes, respectively. The results of the fluorescence study demonstrate that the tested peptides are selective toward bacterial over mammalian cells; this is associated with a preferential interaction between the peptides and the negatively charged phospholipids of bacterial cells.     

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Salvia aethiopis L. and Their Antioxidant Activity

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Salvia species have been used extensively in medicinal and food industries for years due to their significant secondary metabolites...     

Investigation of the Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of Polymer-Modified Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

The proliferation of drug-resistant pathogens continues to increase, giving rise to serious public health concerns. Many researchers have formulated metal oxide nanoparticles for use as novel antibacterial agents. In the present study, copper oxide (CuO) was synthesized by simple hydrothermal synthesis, and doping was performed to introduce different polymers onto the NP surface for bacteriostasis optimization. The polymer-modified CuO NPs were analyzed further with XRD, FTIR, TEM, DLS and zeta potential to study their morphology, size, and the charge of the substrate. The results indicate that polymer-modified CuO NPs had a significantly higher bacteriostatic rate than unmodified CuO NPs. In particular, polydopamine (PDA)-modified CuO (CuO-PDA) NPs, which carry a weakly negative surface charge, exhibited excellent antibacterial effects, with a bacteriostatic rate of up to 85.8 ± 0.2% within 3 h. When compared to other polymer-modified CuO NPs, CuO-PDA NPs exhibited superior bacteriostatic activity due to their smaller size, surface charge, and favorable van der Waals interactions. This may be attributed to the fact that the CuO-PDA NPs had relatively lipophilic structures at pH 7.4, which increased their affinity for the lipopolysaccharide-containing outer membrane of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.     

苯并咪唑衍生物的微波合成、表征及其抑菌活性

在微波辐射下分别用对甲氧基苯甲醛、对羟基苯甲醛和邻苯二胺反应直接关环合成了1-(对甲氧基苄基)-2-(对甲氧基苯基)-苯并咪唑、1-(对羟基苄基)-2-(对羟基苯基)-苯并咪唑化合物.通过数字熔点仪、元素分析、红外光谱分析、核磁分析对产品进行了表征,并对这两种苯并咪唑衍生物的抑菌活性进行了研究。     

Synthesis,Stabilization and Activation of Pt Nanoparticles for PEMFC Applications

Amongst the main challenges of catalyst materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are activity and durability. Here we report on the synthesis of monodisperse nanoparticles and stabilization with traces of the surfactant, here Na‐AOT (bis‐(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt), used in the synthesis procedure. The surfactants prevent agglomeration and reduce Ostwald ripening. We compare the performance of Pt catalyst nanoparticles synthesized in dense microemulsions, Na‐AOT/heptane/water and Triton X‐100/toluene/water, with a commercial state‐of‐the‐art catalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). The produced catalyst nanoparticles were extracted onto a carbon support, Vulcan XC‐72R, washed and activated by heat‐treatment, which led to heavy agglomeration, or by electrochemical treatment, which led to an enhanced activity for ORR. Additionally, in comparison to the other two catalysts an increased durability of the platinum nanoparticles synthesized in the microemulsion of Na‐AOT/heptane/water was observed.     

琥珀酰化壳聚糖-铜(Ⅱ)-苯并咪唑衍生物配合物的合成、表征及抗菌活性

文章利用琥珀酸酐对壳聚糖进行改性,并合成了两个新的配合物:sucts-Cu(Ⅱ)-hpb(1)和sucts-Cu(Ⅱ)-tbz(2)[sucts=琥珀酰化壳聚糖,hpb=2-(2’-吡啶)-苯并咪唑,tbz=2-(4′-噻唑基)苯并咪唑]。应用红外光谱,紫外-可见光谱,原子吸收光谱对配合物进行了表征,采用试管倍比稀释法研究了这些配合物对苏云金杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用。结果表明,两种配合物对四种细菌均有较强的抑菌活性,配合物1、2,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为62.5～125μg.mL-1和125～250μg.mL-1,抗菌效果明显强于自由配体。     

PMBP缩2-氨基苯并噻唑席夫碱及其铜配合物的合成与抑菌活性

以1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑啉酮-5(PMBP)和2-氨基苯并噻唑(2-ABT)为原料,在无水乙醇中,加热回流4~6 h,以三氯甲烷为二次溶剂,合成了新型席夫碱试剂(HL):PMBP缩2-ABT及其铜配合物。由元素分析、化学方法、质谱和摩尔电导值推测出配合物组成为Cu(HL).H2O,通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、差热热重谱和核磁共振氢谱表征了其结构:配体为酮式结构,配位时以亚胺基和苯并噻唑环上的N原子及吡唑啉酮环羰基和一分子H2O上的O原子与中心离子成键,配位数为4;抑菌实验表明:配合物比配体对枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、酵母菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具更强的抑制作用,配合物质量浓度为2.0 g.L-1时,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌环直径达16.7 mm。该工作的新颖性已为黑龙江省科技信息中心2008年1月21日出具的第2008150200055N号《科技查新报告》所证实。     

Recent Advances in Metal Nanoparticles Stabilization into Nanopores of Montmorillonite and Their Catalytic Applications for Fine Chemicals Synthesis

Metal nanoparticles supported montmorillonite with innovative characteristics has led to a new generation of heterogeneous “nanocatalyst.” Such catalysts are superior to the conventional catalysts because of several factors like: higher surface area; higher activity; higher selectivity and longer life and thus, developing a newer type of sustainable environmentally friendly catalysts. Metal clay supported nanocatalysts may find a wide range of applications in the area of fine and bulk chemical industries, pharmaceuticals, fuel cell, petroleum refineries, environmental catalysis, and many other fields. This article summarizes the recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of metal nanoparticles supported on modified montmorillonite and their catalytic applications for fine chemicals synthesis.     

载铜无机抗菌剂的制备及性能

以天然麦饭石为载体、铜离子为抗菌离子,在一定条件下通过液相离子交换反应,制备载铜麦饭石抗菌剂.运用ICP和XRD等现代分析方法对抗菌剂中银离子的含量以及银离子与载体的结合方式进行了分析,并对其抗菌性、耐久性和安全性能进行研究.结果表明,在Cu2+浓度是0.1 mol·L-1,搅拌时间是4 h,反应温度是60 ℃时,制备的麦饭石抗菌剂具有优异抗菌性、耐久性和安全性.究其原因主要在于Cu2+能从载体上缓慢地释放出来,与细菌细胞作用,杀灭细菌,从而赋予该抗菌剂良好的、持久的抗菌能力.