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1.
QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATES OF OIL LOSSES DURING MIGRATION, PART I: THE SATURATION OF PATHWAYS IN CARRIER BEDS 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
X. R. Luo B. Zhou S. X. Zhao F. Q. Zhang G. Vasseur 《Journal of Petroleum Geology》2007,30(4):375-387
Estimates of hydrocarbon losses during migration are critical to petroleum resource assessments based on mass balance calculations. Using knowledge acquired from physical experiments, we conducted numerical experiments to qualitatively simulate migration processes on a basin scale, and we have estimated the proportions of oil lost along different parts of the migration pathway. Between the point where oil is expelled from a source rock and its arrival in a trap, migration pathways were divided into three sections, namely vertical and lateral pathways within the area of the effective source rock (W1 ), and lateral pathways outside this area (W2 ).
With reference to the concept of an independent migration unit (IMU), a prism-shaped domain with square top and bottom faces, the proportion of vertical pathways (Q1 ) and lateral pathways (Q2 ) in carrier beds in W1 may be estimated, using parameters obtained in migration experiments. The proportion of oil lost in W2 was obtained by statistical analysis of modelled results. It is found that the loss of oil within W2 decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the contact between W1 and W2 .
Relative oil losses in migration pathways were estimated by considering two typical migration models: a sloping rectangular plate model, and a circular synclinal model. Simulation results show that, for sandstone carrier beds at a basin scale, Q2 is one order of magnitude less than Q1 , and losses (Q3 ) in W2 are two orders of magnitude less than those (Q1 + Q2 ) in W1 . 相似文献
With reference to the concept of an independent migration unit (IMU), a prism-shaped domain with square top and bottom faces, the proportion of vertical pathways (Q
Relative oil losses in migration pathways were estimated by considering two typical migration models: a sloping rectangular plate model, and a circular synclinal model. Simulation results show that, for sandstone carrier beds at a basin scale, Q
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3.
本文针对阿拉新-二站地区S油层稠油油藏密闭取心井资料较少的问题,采用饱和度损失校正的方法对水基泥浆取心井残余油饱和度测量结果进行校正,补充了计算原始含油饱和度资料。在此基础上结合常规取心井冷冻取样资料建立了油层的原始含油饱和度解释模型,计算出了阿拉新-二站地区S油层中纯油层的原始含油饱和度;并利用相对渗透率资料计算了油水同层原始含油饱和度。结果表明,本方法计算精度可以满足储量规范的要求,满足了稠油油藏储量参数计算工作的需要。 相似文献
4.
新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤成油初次运移机理探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤的物理性质及其演化规律的剖析,结合煤生油的有机岩石学及有机地球化学特性研究,认为,镜质体反射率R_0在0.65%~0.85%演化阶段煤的生油量大于其孔隙的容纳量,构成了煤成油初次运移的基本条件.在煤可塑性传递上覆压力产生的煤层内孔隙流体高压作用下,导致孔隙连通并形成微裂隙,煤成油沿微裂隙以连续“沥青网络”的形式发生初次运移.由于侏罗系煤处于有机质成熟阶段早期,在排驱时间上存在“早生早排”的可能性.侏罗系煤中特定的生油母质、有机质成熟度及排驱机理决定了煤成油的重质、高蜡和高粘度特点. 相似文献
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塔河油区具多期成藏的特点,重质油与轻质油并存。重质油中,无论是中性含氮化合物的绝对浓度或是其比值指标都降低,严重影响了原油运移途径的判别。轻质油中,中性含氮化合物指示原油具有自南向北、自东向西的运移特点,其咔唑(CA)绝对浓度由高变低,甲基咔唑系列(MCA)与二甲基咔唑系列(DMCA)比值逐渐增大,苯并咔唑系列的[a]/([a]+[c])比值则随运移距离增加而降低。在塔河3区断裂带附近,咔唑(CA)绝对浓度较高,甲基咔唑系列(MCA)与二甲基咔唑系列(DMCA)比值较低,苯并咔唑系列的[a]/([a]+[c])比值较大,显示断裂沟通了源岩及主力油气输导层,油气运移距离短,晚期油气活跃,油质总体优于塔河4、6区。 相似文献
7.
烃源岩中残留死油量与运移门限值的讨论 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文从制约石油初次运移的因素入手,结合地层中的实证,揭示了残留死油的存在。源岩生成的油气中,不能向外运移的残留死油残留在源岩中,多余部分才是可运移的油,二者间的界限称为运移门限值。在此基础上对油源岩进行分类,提出了可形成油藏的有效运移门限值的概念和划分标准并指出它受控于有机质灰型,有机碳含量和热演化程度。最后提出了死油量的估算方法和可供渍气资源评价中实用参考的估算值。 相似文献
8.
塔河油区奥陶系原油的成熟度较高,且受生物严重降解.不同的生物标志化合物成熟度参数仅对有机质生成原油的不同阶段起到标尺作用,需优选既能较好地抗生物降解且适用于较宽的成熟度范围的指标来分析塔河油气运移的可能途径.三环萜烷/17α(H)-藿烷、重排甾烷/规则甾烷及Ts/(Ts+Tm)的比值是比较适用于塔河油区这种特殊性质的原油的生物标志化合物.根据研究,奥陶系原油油气存在两个注入通道,早期主要是由南向北方向运移,油气成熟度相对较低,成藏较早;晚期由东向西运移,原油成熟度相对于早期的较高,原油成藏稍晚. 相似文献
9.
��˹��������ԭ�ͺ�����������������ЧӦ 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
尕斯库勒油田是柴达木盆地最大的油田,其中包含深层E31油藏和浅层N1—N21油藏。利用油藏地球化学方法研究油藏中的油气运移,对于认识其成因具有重要意义。对这两个油藏的16个原油中含氮化合物进行了分离和GC—MS分析,研究了中性含氮化合物的运移分馏效应,探讨了油气运移问题。结果表明,原油中性含氮化合物的运移分馏效应显著,其运移分馏特征指示了E31油藏油气充注点位于构造中北部的东、西两翼,并向南、北两端方向运移;N1—N21油藏北区油气从东部和南部注入,并向西部和北部方向运移。根据油气运移方向认为,两个油藏的原油都来自茫崖凹陷和尕斯断陷;但是,由中性含氮化合物总丰度在两个油藏之间的差异可知,它们具有不同的油源。 相似文献
10.
低渗多孔介质低含凝析油型凝析气衰竭开发饱和度研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
常规PVT筒衰竭中没有考虑多孔介质和束缚水的影响,文章采用超声波测饱和度测试技术,对桥白低渗低含凝析油型凝析气藏在衰竭开采中凝析油饱和度变化进行测试。实验研究表明,在岩心中随压力降低凝析油饱和度增大,但凝析油饱和度未能达到临界流动值,而在PVT筒中衰竭, 露点压力以下凝析油饱和度值是先增加后降低;3块实验岩心中最大油饱和度均比PVT中最大油饱和度大;无束缚水岩心的凝析油饱和度比有束缚水岩心中的凝析油饱和度大得多;在衰竭开发中,多孔介质、束缚水对凝析油饱和度的影响不容忽视。 相似文献
11.
为了更好地了解氢油比对柴油加氢精制过程的影响,进而通过工艺参数优化提高装置的运转周期和生产效益,以多个炼油厂直馏柴油与催化裂化柴油的混合油为原料,考察了不同氢油比下的柴油加氢脱硫性能和多环芳烃、单环芳烃饱和性能以及反应的氢气有效利用率;通过向原料中添加多环芳烃菲,考察原料中增加多环芳烃后的反应性能,分析了增加氢油比提升反应性能的原因。试验结果表明:在氢油比较高的情况下,继续提高氢油比能够提高原料油的雾化效果,进而促进脱硫反应和多环芳烃饱和反应,可以在较低的反应温度下生产国Ⅵ柴油,从而延长装置的运转周期;同时,高氢油比能够在一定程度上抑制单环芳烃的饱和,降低氢气消耗,提高氢气有效利用率。 相似文献
12.
姜丽娜 《大庆石油地质与开发》2016,(2):7-13
为了定量揭示超压对三肇凹陷源下扶余油层致密油藏油气运聚的控制程度,根据源储位置关系、流体下排通道、流体排放机制等方面的差异,将超压驱动油气下排方式分为3种类型,其中超压通过断裂进行的幕式下排是油气大规模长距离穿层下排的主要形式。根据油气在断裂中向下运移的受力分析,建立超压驱动油气下排最大距离的计算公式。结合超压、排替压力以及最小启动压力梯度,建立超压驱动油气在致密砂岩储层中运移最远距离的计算公式。计算得出:三肇凹陷大部分地区下排深度都在200 m以上,最大深度可达831 m;在致密砂岩储层中油气运聚距离为200~800 m,运移最远距离为1 010 m。超压的强度决定油气下排深度以及在致密砂岩储层中的聚集规模。在超压驱动下的油气下排方式、下排深度和运聚距离定量研究的基础上,确定超压控制油气运聚的范围并建立致密油藏油气运聚模式。 相似文献
13.
�Ӽ���ض������������˾�ģʽ 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
延吉盆地是吉林省东部的一个山间断陷盆地,其东部坳陷下白垩统大拉子组一、二段为天然气的区域性盖层,盖层的排替压力在11~13MPa范围内,属强封闭能力盖层。研究区断层发育,断层在大一、二段内封闭性好,在下白垩统铜佛寺组内封闭性差;边界断层封闭性差,盆地内部断层封闭性从古至今逐渐变好。研究区主要储层为铜佛寺组和大一、二段,均属低孔、低渗储层。通过对古流体势场的恢复发现,德新凹陷的油气运移以汇聚流形式为主,清茶馆凹陷的油气运移以发散流和平行流形式为主。根据生、储、盖、断层及流体势场等特征的研究,总结出东部坳陷油气运聚模式有3种,即背斜聚敛型油气运聚模式、断层部分截流型油气运聚模式和汇聚流运移断层泄漏型假聚集模式。 相似文献
14.
吡咯类含氮化合物因其结构类型不同而具有明显的运移分馏效应,不失为一种研究油气运移方向的有效手段.彩南油田东区块西山窑组油藏原油属于同一组群类型,吡咯类含氮化合物组成以烷基咔唑为主,苯并咔唑含量低,烷基咔唑中又以C2-咔唑和C3-咔唑为主.对吡咯类运移分馏效应参数的分析表明,彩南油田东区块主要有西方、北方两个原油充注方向,油藏内部断裂对成藏过程起了重要的通道作用.白家海凸起西方的东道海子北凹陷侏罗系煤系地层可能是主要烃源灶,但也不排除凸起南方的阜康凹陷及其北斜坡供烃的可能性. 相似文献
15.
利用油藏地球化学方法研究了北部湾盆地福山凹陷花场油气田流沙港组(E2l)油气运移和充注方向,分析了流沙港组三段上部与下部油气成藏特征的差异。结果表明花场油气田流沙港组三段上部(E2l31)原油主要来自花场次凸北东方向的白莲次凹,油气沿流二段和流三段之间的不整合面、流三段扇三角洲前缘砂体和断层构成的输导体系运移至花场次凸有利圈闭中聚集成藏。造成流沙港组三段中下部(E2l32—E2l33)相对上部油气藏原油密度略高、成熟度稍低、CO2气含量高、油气产量低的原因在于:受下部反向正断层的控制,流三段中下部原油可能主要来自花场次凸原地流三段烃源岩的贡献。该烃源岩成熟度和生烃潜力明显低于白莲次凹,输导条件也如上部油气藏优越,断穿流三段并切到基岩的深大断裂可能作为火山—幔源成因CO2充注的通道。油藏地球化学为判识油气运移充注方向和成藏特征研究提供了直接有力的证据。 相似文献
16.
利用包裹体测温和成岩矿物伊利石测年数据资料,对东海盆地西湖凹陷中央背斜带油气运移及成藏的基本模式进行了研究。中央背斜带储层流体包裹体明显分为盐水包裹体和有机包裹体,包裹体均一化温度分为3期,其对应的地质时间分别为中中新世、中新世晚期和上新世—第四纪。储层自生伊利石同位素地质年龄自北向南分别为23.5~26.5,18.31~21.86,12.58~13.63 Ma,表明北部油气成藏时间早于中部和南部。综合分析认为中央背斜带发生过早、中、晚3期油气运移和聚集活动,以晚期最为重要,其幕式特征明显。成藏期总体时间长,多期成烃,多次充注,同期不同源,是中央背斜带油气成藏的基本模式。 相似文献
17.
马晓红 《大庆石油地质与开发》2013,32(5)
通过三肇凹陷扶、杨油层油藏解剖和断裂对油藏的控制作用研究认为:油主要分布在断裂密集带两侧,剖面上从上部的FI油层组至下部的YI油层组油逐渐减少;断裂对油运聚成藏有控制作用,油源断裂是油气运移的主要通道;断裂控藏模式为上覆青一段源岩生成的油,沿油源断裂向下倒灌运移,进入扶、杨油层,然后向断裂密集带两侧的地垒构造侧向运移,最后在地垒构造上的断块、断层遮挡或断层—岩性圈闭中聚集成藏. 相似文献
18.
INTEGRATION OF BIODEGRADATION AND MIGRATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN A 2D PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODEL: APPLICATION TO THE POTIGUAR BASIN,NE BRAZIL
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Biodegradation is probably the most important in‐reservoir alteration process and is responsible for the majority of the known heavy oil accumulations. In the present study, biodegradation processes were integrated within a forward basin and petroleum systems model applied to the Potiguar Basin, NE Brazil. This basin was chosen because it has been studied in detail and data from previous investigations are publically available. In order to account for processes occurring during the biodegradation of hydrocarbons, the evolution of fluid properties was simulated through time. In the model, a new approach was developed in order to determine the intensity of microbial activity and the evolution of the oil‐water contact, the zone within which biodegradation is confined. The numerical results obtained by applying the forward simulator to a 2D model of the Potiguar Basin fit the observed data concerning the composition and quality of the oil in a series of oilfields. These accumulations are located along the NE‐SW oriented “Carnaubais trend” and show progressive biodegradation along the migration path from the offshore kitchen area. Our results show that the biodegradation trend observed along the cross‐section can in general be explained by the fact that reservoirs are successively filled as a result of spilling from previous reservoirs, with continuous hydrocarbon degradation occurring within the reservoirs. This charge history resulted in differences in the composition of oils transported from upstream to downstream reservoirs, and in the evolution over time of the ratio between biodegradation and reservoir filling rates. Thus, in addition to residence time in the biodegradation temperature window, the rate of reservoir infill, the rate of oil degradation and the migration pathways are key factors controlling biodegradation. This study also demonstrates how the approach developed within our petroleum system simulator, which integrates both migration and biodegradation, may improve the assessment of oil quantity, quality and migration timing. 相似文献
19.
气藏与油藏分布特征异同点及其形成原因——以辽河油田西部凹陷为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以辽河油田西部凹陷为例,对气藏与油藏分布特征异同点及其形成原因进行了探讨。研究表明:辽河盆地西部凹陷天然气和石油资源都很丰富,作为同一套源岩的烃产物,天然气和石油在分布特征上有着复杂而密切的联系。对比发现,西部凹陷内天然气藏的分布既表现出与油藏同生共存的共性特征,又表现出较之油藏在平面上显示更广、成藏更为集中,在剖面上集中在烃源岩及与其相邻层系且具有明显层次性的个性特征。结合实验研究成果分析认为,烃源岩生烃特征和油气运移能力差异是控制天然气藏和油藏分布特征异同点的最根本因素:烃源岩油气兼生的特点决定了凹陷内天然气与石油共生并存;天然气自身运移能力强于石油又决定了天然气较之石油分布更广泛,但更倾向于在邻近于烃源岩的地区和层系聚集成藏。 相似文献
20.
A study of the molecular composition of oil inclusions in the Maui field, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, reveals compositional variation in oil during the filling history of the Paleocene reservoir. The homogenization temperatures of aqueous inclusions in quartz suggest that oil in genetically associated inclusions first reached the proto-Maui structure about 7.0–7.5 Ma ago, and that an effective trap was present at the Paleocene F-sands level, given the abundant oil inclusions. This date coincides with what is believed to represent the early stages of structural development of the trap. The Maui or Pihama sub-basin appears the most likely kitchen for this early charge. The quartz-included oil exhibits a biomarker distribution with a slightly more marine-influenced signature than an oil stain from the same core plug, oil included in authigenic feldspar, and oil-production samples from the overlying Eocene D sands as well as the F sands. The greater similarity of the feldspar-included oil to the production oils together with its possibly slightly lower maturity suggest that the feldspar inclusions formed later than the quartz inclusions. Otherwise, all oil samples examined (inclusion oil, oil / bitumen in sandstones and producible oil) are of similar maturity. 相似文献