我国深凹露天铁矿运输工艺技术发展方向的探讨

作者根据我国露天铁矿开采现状及矿山运输工艺的发展规律与实例，认为以胶带运输机为中心的半连续运输工艺可行，但道氏运输机系统值得跟踪研究，同时指出运输工艺改革的成效有赖于优化矿山管理。     

半连续开采工艺应用边界条件模型研究

从卡车运输能力、矿山物料条件以及系统可用度3个方面对半连续工艺系统的生产能力进行了分析,建立了半连续工艺系统运行边界条件、效益边界条件以及最低规模边界条件模型,并实证分析了黑岱沟露天煤矿上部剥离台阶半连续工艺系统应用的边界条件.研究表明,黑岱沟露天煤矿160 m深度以上剥离台阶采用半连续工艺是合理的,剥离运营费用可降低21.27%,总剥离费用可降低11.83%,且具有一定的抗风险能力.     

黑岱沟露天煤矿剥离黄土半连续工艺研究

根据黑岱沟露天煤矿的条件，研究了黄土剥离采用半连续工艺的可行性及方式．半连续工艺具有连续工艺和间断工艺的综合优点．采用半连续工艺可以提高胶带输送机系统的时间利用率、增加运量、降低成本．中国矿业大学研制的轮式软岩破碎机，可以解决大黏土块破碎、物料流均匀及克服黄土剥离物对破碎机的黏结和堵塞等关键技术问题，实现露天矿黄土剥离高产高效的目的．     

综合开采工艺下矿山工程的可靠性

介绍了综合开采工艺系统的概念及特点，分析了综合工艺下各单一工艺系统之间的制约关系，计算了综合开采工艺的矿山工程开采可靠度，提出了综合开采系统内的协调配合措施，从而可提高综合开采工艺矿山的生产组织管理水平及矿山总生产能力。     

露天矿表土剥离半连续开采工艺研究

提出了一种新型轮式软岩破碎机,它具有对大粘土块进行破碎及实现物料流均匀的作用,与单斗挖掘机和胶带输送机可以组成新式露天矿表土剥离半连续开采工艺系统。     

提高露天矿工艺系统可靠性的途径

露天矿工艺系统可靠性对露天矿的主要技术经济指标有很大影响，特别是采用连续或半连续开采工艺时更是如此。故应在设计及生产管理等各个阶段，重视提高工艺系统的可靠性。本文依据国内外露天矿的经验，从理论与实践相结合的角度，对提高露天矿工艺系统可靠性的途径进行了综合分析。     

“PTA工艺半连续直接酯化制造PET”项目通过鉴定

“ＰＴＡ工艺半连续直接酯化制造ＰＥＴ”项目通过鉴定由纤维材料工程系化纤教研室完成的“ＰＴＡ工艺半连续直接酯化制造ＰＥＴ”项目于１９９４年３月在我院通过专家鉴定，并获得院科技进步二等奖．该项目已在国内４家聚酯厂的６套生产装置上进行了工艺及装置改造．自１...     

单斗—卡车工艺在我国露天煤矿的现状及发展趋势

本文介绍了单斗-卡车工艺在我国露天煤矿的应用现状,并结合矿山的生产实践,讨论了该工艺的特点及存在的问题。最后在安家岭露天矿实例研究基础上,分析了该工艺在我国露天矿开发中的发展趋势。     

矿山地质环境问题及防治对策

论述了矿业开发对大气环境、水文系统、土地资源的影响及引起的地质灾害,根据矿山地质环 境质量评价,提出保护与防治矿山地质环境,实施清洁生产工艺,预防和减少污染,采用先进治理技术修 复环境污染,走绿色矿业之路。     

论我国矿山节能减排法律制度

矿山节能减排是减少能源浪费和降低固体废料(废石、尾砂)、废水废气污染环境的重要手段,是我国矿山环境保护与生态化的重要途径之一.文章总结了我国矿山节能减排的现状及存在的问题,提出构建矿山节能减排系统法律制度的紧迫性,分析了矿山节能减排的主要途径及其指标的法律效力,在此基础上提出了构建我国矿山节能减排系统法律制度的具体思路和要点,为矿山节能减排保障制度的立法、执法提供决策参考.     

我国露天煤矿合理运煤方式的研究

本文根据我国近期开发及待开发的露天煤矿的赋存特点，提出了适合于我国露天煤矿条件的合理运煤方式。这些运煤方式的应用，将给我国露天煤矿的开发带来巨大的经济效益，从而推动我国露天煤矿的进一步发展。     

煤炭地下气化工业性试验

介绍了唐山刘庄煤矿煤炭地下气化工业性试验的气化条件,气化炉结构,测试系统,基本原理及试验结果,并对试验结果进行了分析,地下气化工业性试验的成功,表明我国煤炭地下气化向商业化应用迈进了一大步,进一步证明了长通道大断面两阶段地下气化新技术工艺的合理性及可行性,得到了该工业性试验工艺可以在我国衰老报废矿井中推广应用的结论。     

用系统模拟法计算喂给式破碎机的生产能力

在分析喂给式破碎机破碎机理的基础上,针对其结构特点,通过计算机模拟提出了喂给式破碎机生产能力的计算方法,为设计提供了理论依据。     

Pore characterization of different types of coal from coal and gas outburst disaster sites using low temperature nitrogen adsorption approach

To characterize the pore features of outburst coal samples and investigate whether outburst coal has some unique features or not, one of the authors, working as the member of the State Coal Mine Safety Committee of China, sampled nine outburst coal samples(coal powder and block) from outburst disaster sites in underground coal mines in China, and then analyzed the pore and surface features of these samples using low temperature nitrogen adsorption tests. Test data show that outburst powder and block coal samples have similar properties in both pore size distribution and surface area. With increasing coal rank, the proportion of micropores increases, which results in a higher surface area. The Jiulishan samples are rich in micropores, and other tested samples contain mainly mesopores, macropores and fewer micropores. Both the unclosed hysteresis loop and force closed desorption phenomena are observed in all tested samples. The former can be attributed to the instability of the meniscus condensation in pores,interconnected pore features of coal and the potential existence of ink-bottle pores, and the latter can be attributed to the non-rigid structure of coal and the gas affinity of coal.     

Creep characteristics of coal and rock investigated by nanoindentation

In coal mining industry, with the depth growing of coal mines, the creep behaviours of coal and rock can extensively affect the mining safety, coalbed methane recovery and geo-sequestration. To acquire a better insight into their creep characteristics, an efficient and robust researching technique, nanoindentation, was applied to investigate the creep performances of coal and rock samples obtained from two coal mines in the east of China. Creep characteristics were reflected by evaluating the curves of creep depth versus creep time of nanoindentation tests during the load-holding period at the peak load of 30 mN. These curves can be divided into two stages: transient stage and steady stage; and the time of load-holding period of 5 s, which is the dividing point between two stages, can efficiently avoid the influence of creep displacement on the unloading curves. The exponential function can perfectly fit creep curves and Kelvin model can be used to calculate the rheological parameters of coal and rock samples. Calculated results yield values for the creep modulus and viscosity terms of coal and rock. This study also settled a particular emphasis on the selection of the positions of indentations to obtain the rheological properties of mineralogical constituents in heterogonous coal and rock samples and their elastic aftereffect.     

Research on 3D Modeling and Visualization of Coal Pillars for Surface Protection

In order to safely exploit coal resource, protection coal pillars must be prepared in coal mines. Some correlative parameters of protection coal pillar are calculated by Drop face and Drop line methods. Models of protecting surface objects and coal pillars are established by TIN modeling and object-oriented technique. By using ACCESS2000as the database and the VC＋＋ and OpenGL as the language, the calculation of protective coal pillars is realized and the 3D-visulizaiton system for protected objects on ground surface and for coal pillars is developed. The system can obtain the data of characteristic points on the surface interactively from the digitized mine topography map, constructing 3D model automatically. It can also obtain the interrelated parameters of the coal seam and drill hole data from existing geolog!cal surveying database to calculate the location, surface area and the total coal columns. The whole process can be computed quickly and accurately. And the 3D visualization system was applied in a mine, showing that the system solve the problem of complex calculation, not only realized the automatic 3D mapping and visualization of coal pillars for buildings protection, but also greatly improves the working efficiency.     

Application of gas wettability alteration to improve methane drainage performance: A case study

Hydraulic fracturing technique is widely used for methane drainage and has achieved good effects in numerous coal mines, but negative effects may occur as the fracturing fluids are absorbed into the coal seam. Gas wettability alteration(GWA) technology can be used as it can enhance the gas and water mobility during dewatering process as a result of capillary pressure change. However, there have been few reported field tests in coal mines using GWA technology. This paper describes a pilot-scale field test in Xinjing coal mine, Yangquan, China. The fluorocarbon surfactants perfluorooctyl methacrylate monomer-containing polymethacrylate(PMP) was used to alter the wettability of coal seam to strong gas-wetness during the hydraulic fracturing process. The study focuses on the comparison of two boreholes(Boreholes #9 and #10) and one other borehole(Borehole #8) with and without using GWA approach. A well-defined monitoring program was established by measuring the dewatering volume of the fracturing fluid and the drainage volume of methane as well as the concentration. The field test results showed that the average methane drainage rates of Boreholes #9(39.28 m~3/d) and #10(51.04 m3/d) with GWA treatment exceeded that of Borehole #8(21.09 m~3/d) without GWA treatment,with an increase of 86.3% and 142.1%, respectively. The average methane concentrations of Boreholes #9(4.05%) and #10(6.18%) were 64.6% and 151.2% higher than that of Borehole #8(2.46%), respectively. On the other hand, the dewatering ratio of Boreholes #9(4.36%) and #10(3.11%) was almost 19 times and 13 times greater than that of Borehole #8(0.22%). These field test results were in agreement with the experimental data. The significant increase in both methane concentration and dewatering ratio demonstrated that GWA technology could be applied for enhanced methane drainage in coal mines. Important lessons learned at Xinjing coal mine might be applied to other coal mines in China and elsewhere.     

水力压裂煤储层卸压增透技术的适用性分析

水力压裂煤储层技术在不同矿区应用过程中受不同煤体破坏类型和围压条件的影响,其卸压增透效果差异性较大.为了明确该项技术的井下适用条件,优化其实施工艺,切实提高煤层瓦斯抽采率,通过分析和总结河南省不同矿区实际煤储层的水力压裂试验数据资料发现,水力压裂增透技术对Ⅰ,Ⅱ破坏类型煤体的增透效果比较明显,而在Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ破坏类型的松软煤层中适用性则具有一定的局限性,具有压裂范围小、裂缝闭合快、增透效果不明显等特点.所得结论对于选择合理的水力压裂储层并进一步优化完善高效预抽本煤层瓦斯技术具有一定的指导意义.     

Distribution and significance of＂barkinite＂ in Mowo coal mine of Han-Xing coalfield, North China

In order to study the distribution and significance of "barkinite" in the Han-Xing (Handan-Xingtai) coalfield, northern China, 140 samples were collected from 10 coal mines and then analyzed by maceral separation, Rock-Eval and microscopic method. The results indicate that "barkinite" can be observed in samples from only three mines with a value lower than 2%. The "barkinite" from the Mowo mine was studied in detail because of its relative high content of"barkinite". In addition, the HI value of"barkinite" is higher than that of the coal seam as a whole, showing that "barkinite" has considerable potential for hydrocarbon generation.     

Application of HEMS cooling technology in deep mine heat hazard control

This paper mainly deals with the present situation, characteristics, and countermeasures of cooling in deep mines. Given existing problems in coal mines, a HEMS cooling technology is proposed and has been successfully applied in some mines. Be-cause of long-term exploitation, shallow buried coal seams have become exhausted and most coal mines have had to exploit deep buried coal seams. With the increase in mining depth, the temperature of the surrounding rock also increases, resulting in ever increasing risks of heat hazard during mining operations. At present, coal mines in China can be divided into three groups, i.e., normal temperature mines, middle-to-high temperature mines and high temperature mines, based on our investigation into high temperature coal mines in four provinces and on in-situ studies of several typical mines. The principle of HEMS is to extract cold energy from mine water inrush. Based on the characteristics of strata temperature field and on differences in the amounts of mine water inrush in the Xuzhou mining area, we proposed three models for controlling heat hazard in deep mines: 1) the Jiahe model with a moderate source of cold energy; 2) the Sanhejian model with a shortage of source of cold energy and a geothermal anomaly and 3) the Zhangshuanglou model with plenty of source of cold energy. The cooling process of HEMS applied in deep coal mine are as follows: 1) extract cold energy from mine water inrush to cool working faces; 2) use the heat extracted by HEMS to supply heat to buildings and bath water to replace the use of a boiler, a useful energy saving and environmental protection measure. HEMS has been applied in the Jiahe and Sanhejian coal mines in Xuzhou, which enabled the temperature and humidity at the working faces to be well controlled.