岩石含水量矩形微带环检测系统的应用研究

针对传统岩石含水量检测设备精度不高、实时性差、结构复杂的问题,设计一种1.5 GHz矩形微带环检测系统,测量原理采用微扰法,当微带环紧贴岩石表面,因为岩石含水量不同,微带环周围电场分布改变,矩形微带环产生不同的谐振频率,通过测量谐振频率和p值可以求得等效介电常数,进而求出岩石含水量。研究工作包括算法分析、结构仿真、样本测试。岩石样本测试结果显示分辨率大于0.1%,误差小于0.6%,系统响应时间小于80 ns,测量精度达到要求。这种新型矩形微带环精度高、结构简单.适合岩石含水量检测。     

沥青混合料含水量集成检测系统设计与研究

为提高路面沥青混合料含水量测量装置精度,简化结构,提出一种1.5 GHz微带环结构的含水量传感器检测系统.因含水量不同,不饱和混合料介电常数变化,导致微带环有效介电常数发生改变,谐振频率偏移.通过谐振频率反演混合料介电常数,建立含水量与有效介电常数的线性关系求得沥青混合料含水量.研究工作包括算法分析、微带环结构设计仿真、系统软硬件集成设计.混合料样本(含水量0 ～ 30％)测试显示测量分辨率≤0.1％,误差≤1％,系统响应时间≤100 ns.这种新型传感器体积小、功耗低、精度高,适合路面测量.     

基于矩形谐振环的微流体传感器

提出了一种用在GHz频段的超介质微流体传感器,用于对具有不同复介电常数的溶液进行高分辨率的辨析,灵敏度达到了4.382 mm/RIU.具有结构简单、检测方便、检测样品用量小等特点.利用样品溶液流经通道时将会改变原有的超介质单元的谐振频率和峰值衰减的原理来进行传感,待测溶液的介电性能可以通过建立谐振特性和样品复介电常数之间的关系来获得.利用等效电路的分析对传感器进行了优化,使其可以同时使用谐振频率和峰值衰减作为指标来进行样品溶液的辨析.     

硅岛式微谐振压力传感器灵敏度分析与仿真

微谐振式压力传感器尺寸小、重量轻、精度高并具有效字输出,在航空航天等领域有着广阔的应用前景.然而由于微机械加工工艺的限制,复杂结构的制作存在很多困难,因而为实现高灵敏度压力测量,微谐振式压力传感器的结构设计就显得尤为重要,因此提出一种新型硅岛式谐振梁支撑结构,它利用硅薄膜作为典型的一次敏感元件,并在其上表面中央部位设计了两个硅岛凸起平台,用以固定硅谐振梁,并通过有限元软件ANSYS进行仿真.分析结果表明,在一定量程内,该结构能有效提高谐振梁内的应力放大倍数,进而提高微压力传感器的灵敏度.     

基于平面阵列电极传感器的ECT系统设计

设计了基于平面阵列电极传感器的电容层析成像(ECT)系统.由平面阵列电极传感器ECT系统和计算机成像界面组成,采用电容的边缘效应测量原理,对复合材料的损伤、缺陷进行检测.结果表明:在介电常数ε=3.5的玻璃块材料为被测对象的条件下,得到的ECT图像分辨率高、伪影少.由此表明:该系统是一种简单有效、图像重建效果优良的无损检测(NDT)系统.     

一种新颖的微杆杠结构的理论建模及其在谐振式微加速度传感器中的应用

为了提高谐振式微加速度传感器的灵敏度,提出一种新颖的微杠杆结构.分析该结构的工作原理,推导该结构的理论模型,得到这种微杆杠放大倍数的解析表达式.在这个理论模型的基础上,为了进一步提高微杆杠的放大倍数,对其参数进行优化,分析微杆杠结构中各参数对于放大倍数的影响,优化后该结构的放大倍数高达200.基于这种微杠杆结构设计两种分别为静电驱动/电容检测和电热驱动/压阻拾振的谐振式微加速度传感器,分别介绍这两种传感器的工作原理及其特点,并对这两种结构进行有限元模拟.模拟结果证实这两种微加速度传感器的灵敏度均高于1 000 Hz/gn,进而验证这种新提出的微杠杆结构的有效性.     

烟支湿度与密度检测的微波谐振腔传感器研究

对微波谐振腔微扰法检测基本理论和工作原理进行了论述,对微波作用的介电材料的电磁参数"介电常数"和"介电损耗"产生的相对变化进行了分析讨论,建立了烟支密度和湿度与谐振腔谐振曲线的频偏及半功率点带宽的数学表达式,设计制作了重入式微波谐振腔传感器.采用TM010谐振模,对烟支的密度和湿度进行了实时检测.以扫频法检测谐振腔空腔和有烟支状态下的幅频特性,获得谐振频率f、峰值功率p及半功率带宽ω.根据相关数学式得到了烟支的湿度和密度.该检测方法具有快速、连续、分辨力高、无污染和操作安全简便等优点.并且适用于工业现场在线测量.     

基于基片集成波导的湿度传感器设计

采用了边界积分谐振模式展开(BI—RME)方法和Floquet定理相结合的方法,对基片集成波导(SIW)结构进行设计,并利用电磁带隙对敏感区进行构建,用空腔微扰法分析.根据湿度对介电常数的影响引起频率偏移的原理,对谐振器的谐振频率和信号幅度进行测量.实验结果表明:用SIW设计的谐振器的湿度范围为11％～97％RH,灵敏度为13.371～46.51 kHz/RH,设计的新的微波器件具有较好的研究意义和测量效果.     

多通道生物压电传感芯片微分析系统设计

为了满足石英传感阵列信号采集的要求,设计了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的多通道生物压电传感芯片微分析系统。该系统硬件部分由信号处理电路、数据采集卡和计算机等组成;软件部分采用图形化编程语言LabVIEW设计。利用该系统分析溶液电导率与石英传感芯片谐振频率偏移的关系。实验结果表明:该系统能够实现对频率信号的实时测量,并能实现数据的自动采集、处理、保存;可进一步用于生物大分子的检测。     

一种圆环结构MEMS谐振器设计

本文设计了一种圆环结构的高Q值MEMS压电谐振器,这种结构的谐振器可在单片RF系统上生产,减少能量损耗,提高Q值,而且不同频率的压电微谐振器的阵列的批量制造在单个芯片上,对其原理进行了分析,仿真,并做出实物进行测试,谐振频率在97.4MHz,Q值达到6499.15。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.