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以凝固时间和凝固强度为指标,考察了13种蛋白酶的豆乳凝固能力,发现胃蛋白酶、凝乳酶和风味蛋白酶没有豆乳凝固活性,Alcalase、木瓜蛋白酶和菠萝蛋白酶具有较强的豆乳凝固能力。各种蛋白酶的最适豆乳凝固温度范围比最适水解温度范围高20℃左右,豆乳凝固能力随pH的降低而增强。40℃和70℃下用蛋白酶作凝固剂得到的豆乳凝块破断强度最大为105.2Pa和148.2Pa,小于用氯化钙作凝固剂的豆乳凝块的破断强度(40℃,142.4Pa和70℃,198.4Pa),而且用酶凝固的豆乳凝块黏度较大,乳清不易排出。Alcalase具有较强的豆乳凝固能力,而且形成的豆乳凝块质地细腻,无苦味,具有一定的实际应用价值。 相似文献
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豆乳凝固酶凝固豆乳的工艺条件优化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
优选获得SCE4豆乳凝固酶,采用响应面分析法(RSA)对其制作豆腐坯的凝固条件进行优化,得到最佳实验点为:凝困时问12.5min。Ca2+4.2mmol/1,pH6.0,蛋白质凝固率达到89.65%。 相似文献
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前言在豆腐及豆腐制品制作过程中,豆乳的凝固工程,严重的影响着豆制品出品率和品质,为此进行了豆乳凝固与一些因素关系的研究。豆乳凝固的形成除了来源于大豆种子内部蛋白质组分等因素影响外,在相当大的程度上要受到凝固工程的外界条件的影响,我们从中选择了豆乳浓度、pH值、脂肪、豆乳的温度、离子强度等作为影响因素进行了研究,现把结果整理如下。 相似文献
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研究了4种蛋白酶对豆乳凝胶性质的影响。通过流变学恒温定量比较结果表明:菠萝蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶都具有凝胶能力,凝胶弹性模量(G')最高可达10.28 Pa和5.27 Pa。升温可使菠萝蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶豆乳体系G'增强;且在40℃时,加入130 U/m L菠萝蛋白酶其豆乳体系G'达到最大值8.37 Pa;木瓜蛋白酶在高温下显示较强的凝胶能力;高温90℃时,含量较低的碱性蛋白酶(70 U/m L)豆乳体系G'达到最大值11.34 Pa;在豆乳体系中加入少量中性蛋白酶,其体系G'随着温度的升高先增强后降低,高添加量则相反。振荡频率扫描结果表明,不同体系G'均随频率的增加而增强,蛋白酶凝胶能力与其添加量有关。 相似文献
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Physicochemical properties of whole soybean curd prepared by microbial transglutaminase 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Whole soybean curd (WSC) was manufactured using micronized full-fat soybean (MFS) powder and microbial transglutaminase (TGase).
The WSC prepared with 15% MFS had typical soybean curd texture with a hardness of 513 dyne/cm2. It was confirmed that 7S and 11S protein fractions as major soy proteins disappeared in SDS-PAGE. Also, WSC prepared with
15% MFS and 10% TGase had excellent textural properties with a hardness of 645 dyne/cm2 and springiness of 0.98. Addition of 0.5% gelatin in WSC prepared with 15% MFS and 5% TGase resulted in higher hardness (708
dyne/cm2) and springiness (0.98), as well as the highest values of G′ and G″. The surface properties of WSC were observed using a
SEM, indicating the interrelationship of higher hardness and compact protein network filled with small cells. It was concluded
that WSC prepared after heat treatment of 15% MFS at 95°C for 5 min, followed by an enzyme reaction with 10% TGase for 1 h,
had more enhanced hardness and springiness than commercial WSC. Despite the addition of 5% TGase, WSC with improved textural
properties can be manufactured by the fortification of 0.5% gelatin. 相似文献
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利用干法工艺制备全豆豆腐,在单因素实验基础上,选取葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯(GDL)、氯化镁(MgCl_2)和谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TG酶)添加量作为影响因素,以全豆豆腐凝胶强度和感官评分作为指标,进行Box-Behnken实验,建立二次多项式回归模型,用于全豆豆腐最佳凝固剂配方的优化。结果表明,GDL添加量对全豆豆腐凝胶强度的影响最大,TG酶添加量的影响最小;而感官评分二次多项式回归模型不显著。干法工艺制备全豆豆腐的凝固剂最优配方为:GDL添加量0.5%,MgCl_2添加量0.07%,TG酶添加量0.02%。在该条件下所制得的全豆豆腐凝胶强度为185.956 g;微观结构表现为致密、均匀和相互交联的凝胶网状结构。 相似文献
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Improved functionality of soft soybean curd containing Monascus fermented soybean ethanol extract 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sung Hyun Hong Inhyung Lee Seok Joong Kim Jee-Young Imm 《Food science and biotechnology》2012,21(3):701-707
Monascus fermented soybeans (MFS) were produced by solid state fermentation and ethanol extractions were carried out to recover monacolin K (MK) and isoflavones from the MFS. About 99 and 87% of monacolin K (891 mg/kg) and isoflavones (895 mg/kg) were recovered by 80%(v/v) ethanol extraction. The 80% ethanol extract also showed significantly higher antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power) than the other ethanol extracts prepared by either 40 or 60% ethanol. The 80% Monascus fermented soybeans extract (MFSE) also contained significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (2.7 acarbose g equivalents/g MFS). Based on the results, MFSE can be used to enrich bioactive MK and isoflavone aglycones in soft soybean curd products. 相似文献
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Min Shi Yingnan Yang Qinghong Wang Ying Zhang Yuepeng Wang Zhenya Zhang 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2012,47(6):1215-1221
The effects of fermented conditions on the production of total polyphenol from Lentinus edodes using soybean curd residue (SCR) were investigated in solid‐state cultures. Based on the results of single factor, inoculum size, moisture content and fermented time were optimised using central composite design in response surface methodology. As a result, the optimal fermented condition of total polyphenol production was determined as following: 12.13% inoculum size, 76.96% moisture content for 24 days incubation. Compared with unfermented SCR, the total polyphenol yield increased from 3.12 ± 0.02 to 22.93 ± 0.41 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram, and polysaccharides, protein and various amino acid of fermented SCR were increased significantly. Therefore, a nutritious functional food or food additives could be produced using fermented SCR. 相似文献
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通过向脱脂豆浆中添加大豆油体,研究其对豆腐凝胶性质的影响。运用质构仪和离心机分别测定了豆腐凝胶的硬度和失水率。结果表明:非油体成分含量一定时,油体的加热时间延长(0~4min)对豆腐凝胶有利,体现在硬度增加和失水率降低;体系固形物含量一定时,油体与非油体成分含量之间存在一个最佳干基比值(0.143),此比值下豆腐凝胶性质最好,过高或过低凝胶性质均会减弱;室温下,随生豆浆放置时间的延长(0~60 min)制得的豆腐硬度略有下降,失水率没有明显变化。此外,与大豆油相比,油体因其独特的结构对豆腐凝胶有利。 相似文献
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