胶粘剂配方对芳纶防弹板性能的影响

本文通过不同胶粘剂配方制作成不同的芳纶防弹板,并进行力学性能和防弹性能测试,发现胶粘剂配方对芳纶防弹板的力学性能与防弹性能影响很大。较软的胶粘剂配方在单轴拉伸强度、面内剪切强度与层间剪切强度方面优于较硬的胶粘剂,而在三点弯曲强度方面,硬芳纶明显优于软芳纶。在防弹性能方面,软芳纶的防穿透性能优于硬芳纶,但在控制凹陷方面,硬芳纶要优于软芳纶。在应用过程中,要结合实际的使用情况,确定合适的胶粘剂配方。     

芳纶防弹无纬布热熔胶粘剂的研发

对芳纶防弹无纬布用热熔胶进行筛选,优选了橡胶弹性体类胶粘剂作为芳纶防弹无纬布生产用热熔胶,并对该类热熔胶粘剂与传统的丙烯酸酯胶粘剂和聚氨酯胶粘剂在常温、高低温、浸水和耐老化条件下进行了对比试验,结果表明,该热熔胶粘剂中SIS-Kraton D1107胶粘剂防弹等综合性能均明显优于其它胶粘剂,可以作为芳纶防弹无纬布生产用胶粘剂。     

芳纶Ⅲ防弹性能分析

以Staramid F358芳纶Ⅲ作为防弹材料,通过单向复合工艺制造成靶板,采用V50靶板实验研究了芳纶Ⅲ的防弹性能,对其防弹性能进行了理论分析,并与芳纶Ⅱ防弹材料进行了比较。结果表明:芳纶Ⅲ靶板的V50值为572.1 m/s,比吸能值为153 Jm2/kg;芳纶Ⅲ防弹性能比芳纶Ⅱ提高近30%;超高的拉伸断裂强度是芳纶Ⅲ防弹性能更优的根本原因,芳纶Ⅲ的防弹性能还有进一步提升的空间。     

复合材料多功能防弹板防弹性能研究

虽然单一的装甲钢或芳纶板具有良好的防高速弹丸贯穿性能,但采用复合结构可以大大提高单一防弹板的防弹效率,减轻防护板面密度。通过弹道实验和数值模拟方法研究了装甲钢复合芳纶泡沫夹层结构抗56式7.62mm普通钢芯弹贯穿特性;探讨了不同复合形式的装甲钢复合芳纶泡沫夹层结构抵抗弹丸的防护效能和影响防弹板吸收子弹动能的因素;提出了该种装甲钢复合芳纶泡沫夹层结构最佳防弹速度区间的概念和相应的V50估算公式,由此可以设计出防弹效费比最佳的防弹板。     

芳纶无纬布产品研究进展

综述了国内外芳纶无纬布制备技术的发展及其原材料芳纶的技术状态,包括美国、日本、欧洲等国家已经产业化的对位芳纶产品的种类,在全球实现商业化生产的间位芳纶和杂环芳纶的生产线情况以及我国逐渐兴起的芳纶生产线技术等。分析了采用芳纶无纬布制备的防弹产品,为抵御不同防弹级别在单层及复合结构上的设计特点,探讨了新一代芳纶无纬布产品采用的新技术与应用的新领域,以及其在功能上的集成与革新,展望了未来芳纶无纬布相关技术的发展趋势。     

芳纶/酚醛复合防弹体系成型工艺技术研究

本文利用DSC、DMA试验方法,通过引入Kissinger公式,确定了适用于防弹树脂基体的固化反应动力学和固化工艺参数;根据经验确定了成型压力、树脂含量等参数的范围;并依据不同参数对弹道性能的影响程度,设计了四因子/三水平的正交试验;通过试验结果(即力学性能结构和实弹试验结果)的分析,确定了芳纶复合装甲靶板的最佳成型工艺参数.本文还进行了防弹理论的探索性研究,从理论上说明了芳纶复合装甲具备优异的弹道性能.     

芳纶Ⅲ与芳纶Ⅱ防弹性能研究

选用两种不同型号芳纶,通过单向复合工艺分别制造成靶板。以NIJⅢA标准通过弹道试验,测试出两种靶板的弹坑凹陷深度与子弹穿透层数差异,并进一步通过测试两种芳纶SEA值比较其防弹性能差别,结果表明,芳纶Ⅲ抗弹性能比芳纶Ⅱ提高近30%。最后讨论了纤维力学性能对其防弹性能的影响,指出更高的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率是芳纶Ⅲ抗弹性能更优的主要原因,并预测芳纶Ⅲ的抗弹性能还有进一步提升的空间。     

韩国采用Dyneema作为军用钢盔材料

韩国陆军决定采用Dyneema HB26钢盔,使用Dyneema HB26钢盔比原来用芳纶制的钢盔轻20％,防弹性能也得到提高（根据V50测试）。     

芳纶机织布混杂芳纶无纬布的防弹性能研究

通过采用不同芳纶机织布组合芳纶无纬布进行实弹打靶测试确定,在控制凹陷方面,CT709相对CT714优势较大;通过机织布放置在不同位置进行实弹打靶测试确定,机织布放置在最前面的防弹效果优于机织布放置在中间的位置;最终确定了4层CT709+21层防弹芳纶无纬布的防弹结构,此结构能抵御NIJ0101.06中ⅢA级别子弹的冲击...     

石墨烯改性防弹材料研究进展

综述了国内外关于石墨烯改性防弹材料的研究进展,包括石墨烯改性陶瓷复合材料、石墨烯改性芳纶材料、石墨烯改性超高分子量聚乙烯等其它防弹材料,揭示了石墨烯对防弹材料各项性能的良好的改善效果及其在防弹领域的巨大应用潜力,尤其是在制备轻量化、高性能的防弹材料方面具有较好的应用前景。此外,简要介绍了石墨烯薄膜、多层石墨烯片、石墨烯纳米粒子等应用于防弹领域的理论研究情况,并提出了未来石墨烯改性防弹产品产业化研究的主要方向。     

结构/功能一体化轻质复合防弹材料研究

本文通过单元材料的优选,对陶瓷层/刚性背板层/复合材料层组成的防弹材料进行结构形式设计,指导靶板制备,并进行实弹靶试,研究复合装甲的材料与结构形式对防弹性能的影响.     

Study on ballistic mechanism of B4C/Al gradient armor

In order to improve the anti-penetration performance of gradient armor, the constitutive models of B₄C/Al composites with different compositions were determined according to the bending curves. The anti-bullet simulation of B₄C/Al gradient armor was carried out by ANSYS-DYNA finite element software, and the stress state of B₄C/Al gradient material under 7.62-mm bullet penetration was analyzed. Meanwhile, the propagation law of stress wave in armor was studied by Hopkinson bar simulation and the improved internal stress wave model, which further revealed the ballistic mechanism of B₄C/Al gradient armor. The simulation results showed that, compared with the traditional laminated armor, the toughness of B₄C/Al gradient armor material increased with the change of layer thickness, resulting in the fact that the whole armor could withstand greater stress without breaking, and the anti-penetration time was prolonged. In addition, the performance difference between the layers of the gradient armor was slight, and the spallation phenomenon of the relative double-layer armor decreases, which enhanced the multiple hit performance of the armor and the absorption capacity of the stress wave. The performance of B₄C/Al gradient armor specimens and double-layer specimens were tested by drop hammer impact test. The test results were consistent with the simulation results.     

Study on Rubber Composite Armor Anti‐Shaped Charge Jet Penetration

The process of rubber composite armor anti‐shaped charge jet (SCJ) penetration was divided into four parts based on jet deformation that occurred when the SCJ penetrated the rubber composite armor. Results on the interference speed interval, interference frequency, and surplus penetration capability of the SCJ with the rubber composite armor were derived based on the stress wave and the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability theory. The effects of rubber layer thickness and obliquity of the armor for the composite armor anti‐SCJ penetration were studied through theoretical, X‐ray, and depth of penetration experiments. The results showed that when the obliquity was at 60° and the rubber layer thickness was in the range of 3 mm to 3.5 mm, the rubber composite armor seriously disturbed the stability of the SCJ. Thus, the rubber composite armor was found to have the best protection capability under these specifications.     

Spaced Armor Effects on Shaped Charge Jet Penetration

Spaced armor has a simple structure and is easily produced with low cost. Previous authors calculated how a jet penetrates spaced armor; but, this study provides both a theoretical calculation method describing the interaction of a jet with spaced armor and experimental data which agree well with the theoretical values. The effects of several factors were explored using LS‐DYNA such as the distance between the first plate and the second plate as well as layer thickness on the interaction between the jet and the target. A method for simulating the protection afforded by spaced armor and supporting the design of spaced armor is presented.     

纤维复合材料在装甲防护上的应用

反装甲武器威力的飞速发展,迫使装甲防护材料必须具备轻质高强、优异的防弹性能及耐疲劳等性能.本文首先阐述了在装甲防护上纤维复合材料的优点和防弹机理,其次介绍了国外复合材料在装甲防护上的研究应用现状和新型研制技术,主要包括玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、UHMWPE纤维以及PBO纤维等复合材料,然后介绍了我国纤维复合材料的研究及应用现状.最后结合我国目前的研制情况,提出了复合材料装甲的研究发展方向.     

用数学模型法估算复合材料的防弹性能

探讨了纤维增强树脂基复合材料的防弹机理，并用数学模型法建立了复合材料防弹性能的理论估算公式。     

钢板表面质量对涂装前处理的影响

本文重点介绍了钢板的表面质量在磷化时易出现的问题及其解决时策，从而帮助我们在涂装生产中更好的选择钢板。     

新型复合防弹装甲结构材料的研究

通过分析陶瓷与复合材料的防弹机理,借助数值模拟分析技术对复合装甲的结构进行设计,并制备靶板,研究了复合装甲的材料与结构形式对防弹性能的影响,通过打靶实验,验证了结构设计的科学性及合理性.本文还在防弹装甲结构中尝试橡胶材料的应用,靶试结果表明,橡胶在防弹性能上具有明显作用.     

Enhanced bi-layer mosaic armor: experiments and simulation

Three different alumina/aluminum bi-layer armors having different striking faces, i.e., monolithic alumina, mosaic alumina, and mosaic alumina enhanced by aluminum honeycomb, were fabricated and tested under the impact of the flat projectile. The ballistic performance of each armor type was also investigated using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulations. Upon validating the FE simulation results with experimental measurements, the ballistic limit velocity and failure mechanisms for each type of armor, as well as the influence of ceramic tile size, impact position, border effect, and inter tile gap width were quantified. For the enhanced mosaic armor, the metallic honeycomb lattice performed as a cellular skeleton to confine the ceramic tiles and fragments, leading to enhanced ballistic resistance. Besides, the honeycomb enhanced mosaic armor was also found to have much improved multi-hit ballistic resistance in comparison with monolithic and mosaic alumina. The honeycomb preserved the structural integrity of the mosaic armor so that a high level of residual ballistic resistance remained even after impact. With the extended reliability calculation method, single shot ballistic data were used to estimate the performance of the honeycomb enhanced mosaic armor under multiple projectile impacts.