A new multi-objective ant colony algorithm for solving the disassembly line balancing problem

The disassembly line is the best choice for automated disassembly of disposal products. Therefore, disassembly line should be designed and balanced so that it can work as efficiently as possible. In this paper, a mathematical model for the multi-objective disassembly line balancing problem is formalized firstly. Then, a novel multi-objective ant colony optimization (MOACO) algorithm is proposed for solving this multi-objective optimization problem. Taking into account the problem constraints, a solution construction mechanism based on the method of tasks assignment is utilized in the algorithm. Additionally, niche technology is used to embed in the updating operation to search the Pareto optimal solutions. Moreover, in order to find the Pareto optimal set, the MOACO algorithm uses the concept of Pareto dominance to dynamically filter the obtained non-dominated solution set. To validate the performance of algorithm, the proposed algorithm is measured over published results obtained from single-objective optimization approaches and compared with multi-objective ACO algorithm based on uniform design. The experimental results show that the proposed MOACO is well suited to multi-objective optimization in disassembly line balancing.     

多工序质量检验计划的多目标优化蚁群算法研究

针对常见的串行多工序抽样检验方式，建立了工序间质量水平传递模型和质量检验成本模型，提出基于Pareto解评价的多目标优化蚁群算法；通过定义多目标解与理想解的相对距离为蚁群算法的启发函数，激励蚁群搜索可行解空间并发现最优解集；应用多目标优化蚁群算法解决质量检验计划优化问题取得了较好效果。     

水平型制造协作联盟订单分配多目标优化模型研究

针对水平型制造协作联盟的订单分配问题,引入了生产负荷参数,建立了最小化综合成本与生产负荷均衡的多目标优化模型。应用改进的非支配排序遗传算法对多目标优化模型进行求解,获得了Pareto最优解集。仿真计算结果表明,所提出的模型和算法能够获得满意的解。     

基于Pareto最优的多企业协同计划调度优化

为解决协同制造环境下多协作企业的协同计划调度问题,针对多企业协同生产链实际运作过程,建立了一种考虑综合成本和完工时间的多目标计划调度优化模型。基于Pareto最优概念,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法（快速非支配排序遗传算法）来解决多目标优化问题。为了保证解的收敛性和多样性,设计了有效的编解码方式和遗传操作程序,通过局部变异种群重复个体,并采用分布函数自适应选取精英数量,得到一系列Pareto最优解。最后通过仿真实例对多目标优化模型和算法进行了求解,结果表明,该方法可快速有效地实现全局多目标寻优,从而找到更多更合理的协同计划调度方案。
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考虑碳排放与收益的随机并行拆卸线平衡优化

针对废旧产品回收过程中,需有选择对综合收益高的零部件进行拆卸的问题。选择最小工作站数,平滑度,碳排放量,拆卸收益作为优化目标,并对相应目标进行量化分析,提出一种随机并行拆卸线平衡优化方法。在构建随机并行拆卸线基本解集的基础上,为避免Pareto解集逐渐趋同的问题,提出一种基于环形拓扑结构的花授粉算法(Ring topology flower pollination algorithm, Ring-FPA),实现了对Pareto解集的决策处理,获得考虑碳排放与收益的随机并行拆卸线平衡最优解。以手机和笔记本电脑并行拆卸线平衡优化为例,选择NSGA-Ⅱ、FPA,以及AFSA算法进行对比,对所提方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

A simulated annealing algorithm to find approximate Pareto optimal solutions for the multi-objective facility layout problem

In this article, we consider the facility layout problem which combines the objective of minimization of the total material handling cost and the maximization of total closeness rating scores. Multi-objective optimization is the way to consider the two objectives at the same time. A simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed to find the non-dominated solution (Pareto optimal) set approximately for the multi-objective facility layout problem we tackle. The Pareto optimal sets generated by the proposed algorithm was compared with the solutions of the previous algorithms for multi-objective facility layout problem. The results showed that the approximate Pareto optimal sets we have found include almost all the previously obtained results and many more approximate Pareto optimal solutions.     

火炮身管-反后坐装置集成优化设计方法研究

为减小火炮发射时的后坐阻力,同时减小火炮身管质量,以节制杆结构参数、身管结构参数和内弹道装药参数为设计变量,以身管刚度、强度、寿命、弹丸初速等为约束,建立火炮身管-反后坐装置集成优化设计模型,并采用两种优化方法进行优化,再比较其结果。首先,采用加权组合法将两个目标函数归一为单个目标,应用模拟退火算法进行优化设计,优化后,后坐阻力减小53%,身管质量减小28%。其次,基于Pareto最优理论,采用遗传算法进行优化设计,获得了Pareto最优解集,给设计者提供了更多优化方案;根据工程经验,选取一组优化解,结果发现,对比原设计,后坐阻力减小504%,身管质量减小98%。研究表明,基于Pareto最优理论和遗传算法可以获得更好的优化方案。该研究提供的集成优化模型和算法为火炮身管-反后坐装置一体化设计提供了新方法。
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基于多目标优化的乘用车后排座椅轻量化设计

提出第二代非劣排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)结合响应面法(RSM)-径向基神经网络方法(RBF)混合近似模型和逼近理想解排序(TOPSIS)方法对某乘用车后排座椅进行结构-材料一体化多目标轻量化设计研究。结合有限元理论建立仿真模型,并通过行李箱碰撞试验验证仿真模型的正确性,根据工程经验和座椅靠背骨架吸能分析确定了6个优化部件厚度、材料的设计变量及取值范围;采用RSM-RBF混合近似模型方法拟合设计变量与响应之间的关系;利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对优化问题进行求解,得到Pareto最优解集。最后采用基于熵权TOPSIS方法对Pareto最优解集进行排序确定最佳折中解。结果表明:在满足各项安全性能法规的前提下,乘用车后排座椅减重3.57 kg。     

基于响应面法的高温应变计敏感栅结构优化研究

高温应变计是航空发动机重要的研保条件,为满足其更高的使用要求,对高温应变计敏感栅结构参数进行了优化。 首 先,采用有限元计算方法分析了考虑温度误差后敏感栅栅丝长度、栅丝间距和栅丝弯数对测量误差和疲劳寿命的影响;然后,基 于响应面法建立了测量误差和疲劳寿命响应面模型,利用多目标灰狼算法进行了结构参数优化设计,得到了 Pareto 最优解集; 最后,根据优化结果制备高温应变计进行了高温振动疲劳试验。 研究结果表明,不同参数组合的敏感栅结构对高温应变计的性 能影响不同。 结合高温应变计制备需求与性能对比来评估得到的 Pareto 最优解集,得到了一个最优敏感栅结构。 高温下优化 后的应变计疲劳寿命较优化前相比提升了 30. 4% ,优化效果显著。     

Pareto archived simulated annealing for job shop scheduling with multiple objectives

In this paper, the job shop scheduling problem is studied with the objectives of minimizing the makespan and the mean flow time of jobs. The simultaneous consideration of these objectives is the multi-objective optimization problem under study. A metaheuristic procedure based on the simulated annealing algorithm called Pareto archived simulated annealing (PASA) is proposed to discover non-dominated solution sets for the job shop scheduling problems. The seed solution is generated randomly. A new perturbation mechanism called segment-random insertion (SRI) scheme is used to generate a set of neighbourhood solutions to the current solution. The PASA searches for the non-dominated set of solutions based on the Pareto dominance or through the implementation of a simple probability function. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by solving benchmark job shop scheduling problem instances provided by the OR-library. The results obtained are evaluated in terms of the number of non-dominated schedules generated by the algorithm and the proximity of the obtained non-dominated front to the Pareto front.     

基于多属性决策的气动隐身多目标优化

针对多目标优化结果排序与选择的多属性决策(Multi-attribute decision making,MADM)问题,将多目标优化与MADM相结合,提出基于MADM的多目标优化方法,并将该方法应用于跨声速前掠翼(Forward-swept wing,FSW)气动隐身多目标优化中,优化结果提高了跨声速FSW的气动和隐身性能。采用类别形状函数变换法(Class-shape function transformation,CST)方法对翼型几何外形进行描述,实现FSW气动和隐身多学科优化设计模型的参数化描述。建立基于N-S方程的计算流体力学方法的FSW气动分析模型和基于矩量法的计算电磁学方法的FSW隐身分析模型。将Pareto多目标遗传算法得到的Pareto非劣解集构成MADM矩阵,采用基于模糊熵权的改进的逼近理想解的排序法(Modified technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,M-TOPSIS)方案评价方法进行Pareto非劣解排序,最终确定最佳的Pareto非劣解。研究结果验证了所提出方法的有效性,为多目标优化问题提供了一种新的解决途径。     

Product configuration optimization using a multiobjective genetic algorithm

Product configuration is one of the key technologies in the environment of mass customization. Traditional product configuration technology focuses on constraints-based or knowledge-based application, which makes it very difficult to optimize design of product configuration. In this paper, an approach based on multiobjective genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. Firstly, a configuration-oriented product model is discussed. A multiobjective optimization problem of product configuration according to the model is described and its mathematical formulation is designed. Secondly, a multiobjective genetic algorithm is designed for finding near Pareto or Pareto optimal set for the problem. A matrix method used to check constraint is proposed, and the coding and decoding representation of the solution are designed, then a new genetic evaluation and select mechanism is proposed. Finally, performance comparison of the proposed genetic algorithm with three other genetic algorithms is made. The result shows that the proposed genetic algorithm outperforms the other genetic algorithms in this problem.     

Design and optimization of an RFID-enabled automated warehousing system under uncertainties: a multi-criterion fuzzy programming approach

In this paper, we investigated the design and optimization of a proposed radio-frequency identification (RFID)-enabled automated warehousing system in terms of the optimal number of storage racks and collection points that should be established in an efficient and cost-effective approach. To this aim, a fuzzy tri-criterion programming model was developed and used for obtaining trade-off decisions by measuring three conflicting objectives. These are minimization of the warehouse total cost, maximization of the warehouse capacity utilization, and minimization of the travel time of products from storage racks to collection points. To reveal the alternative Pareto optimal solutions using the developed model, a new approach was developed and compared with a recently developed fuzzy approach so-called Selim and Ozkarahan (SO). A decision-making algorithm was used to select the best Pareto optimal solution, and the applicability of the developed model was examined using a case study. Research findings demonstrate that the developed model is capable of generating an optimal solution as an aid for the design of the proposed RFID-enabled automated warehousing system.     

Multi-objective optimization of multi-pass face milling using particle swarm intelligence

In this paper, to facilitate manufacturing engineers have more control on the machining operations, the optimization issue of machining parameters is handled as a multi-objective optimization problem. The optimization strategy is to simultaneously minimize production time and cost and maximize profit rate meanwhile subject to satisfying the constraints on the machine power, cutting force, machining speed, feed rate, and surface roughness. An efficient fuzzy global and personal best-mechanism-based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (F-MOPSO) to optimize the machining parameters is developed to solve such a multi-objective optimization problem in optimization of multi-pass face milling. The proposed F-MOPSO algorithm is first tested on several benchmark problems taken from the literature and evaluated with standard performance metrics. It is found that the F-MOPSO does not have any difficulty in achieving well-spread Pareto optimal solutions with good convergence to true Pareto optimal front for multi-objective optimization problems. Upon achieving good results for test cases, the algorithm was employed to a case study of multi-pass face milling. Significant improvement is indeed obtained in comparison to the results reported in the literatures. The proposed scheme may be effectively employed to the optimization of machining parameters for multi-pass face milling operations to obtain efficient solutions.     

基于NSGA-Ⅱ叉车轮边减速器优化设计

以叉车轮边减速器行星轮系为研究对象,在满足设计要求的前提下,以轮边减速器行星轮系齿圈直径最小,中心距最大和重合度最高为目标建立目标优化数学模型.运用改进的NSGA-Ⅱ对多目标优化并得到Pareto最优解集,利用多指标加权灰靶决策模型选择最优设计方案.优化结果表明：改进遗传算法的运用是可靠有效的,为以后产品优化设计提供新了的设计思路.     

基于模糊偏好的多目标粒子群算法的应用研究

研究了基于模糊偏好的多目标粒子群算法,算法将种群的最优解集进行Pareto排序,并动态更新Pareto解集,使其更快速的靠近Pareto前沿,对非劣解进行模糊评价,根据目标偏好的模糊信息,来确定折衷解的满意解。经典算例验证,该算法在计算时间及非劣解质量上,要优于多目标遗传算法。     

网络制造环境下面向复杂零件的协同制造链研究

为了实现网络制造环境下制造资源的共享与优化配置，提出了面向复杂零件的协同制造链的概念，分析了协同制造链的特点。通过对某航空发动机关键零件制造过程的分析，详细论述了协同制造链的生成与演化过程，提出了一种基于蚂蚁算法的组合优化求解策略，有效地解决了协同制造链优化配置问题。最后，基于网络协同制造平台实现了协同制造链的构建与运行。     

基于多目标遗传算法的高频磁致伸缩换能器优化设计

磁致伸缩换能器在高频激励下存在铁心涡流损耗大、磁场分布不均匀、电磁转化效率低等问题,需要从换能器本体优化设计方面寻求解决。首先对换能器的线圈高度和磁轭回路结构进行仿真分析以初步确定磁路结构;然后基于非支配排序遗传算法对换能器提出了一个整体的多目标优化设计模型,该模型以增大磁致伸缩棒内磁场强度、提高棒内的磁场分布均匀度和减少换能器高频损耗为优化目标,引入规范化排序和熵权法对该优化方法得到的Pareto前沿解进行决策支持,筛选一组最优设计方案;最后对该最优解进行仿真分析,磁场分布和数值计算结果验证了该优化方法的有效性,根据优化结果制作了一台换能器样机,样机输出特性的测试结果表明了优化设计方法的可行性。     

基于强度Pareto进化的注塑机注射性能多目标优化

为实现大型注塑机注射性能的优化设计,构建了注射压力、注射速率和注射功率优化模型,应用多目标进化算法,系统分析了影响注射性能的各方面因素.改进强度Pareto进化算法,引入模糊C均值聚类,加快外部种群的聚类过程.采用约束Pareto支配和浮点数、二进制混合染色体编码策略,一次运行就能求得分布均匀的Pareto最优解集,并使用基于集合理论的方法选择一个最优解.试验分析表明:结合了强度Pareto进化算法与模糊C均值聚类方法的混合算法在提高注射综合性能的同时,能够获得比线性加权法分布性更好的Pareto前沿;且与强度Pareto进化算法相比,显著缩短了运算时间,具有较高的效率与鲁棒性.     

基于降维的驾驶员侧约束系统高维目标优化

为解决将高维目标变为单目标优化时各子目标不能同时较优,而多目标算法直接用于高维目标优化时又存在难以找到一个有代表性的Pareto非劣解集问题,在某轿车驾驶员侧约束系统的优化过程中提出了乘员损伤准则与多目标算法协同优化的方法。在已有相关损伤准则基础上根据最新版的FMVSS 208和ECE R94法规提出了适合研究问题的损伤准则;以提出的损伤准则为媒介,将一个高维目标优化问题降为一个低维目标优化问题,通过灵敏度分析、实验设计、多项式近似模型筛选出优化设计变量并得到近似模型,用多目标算法NSGA-Ⅱ对近似模型进行计算得到Pareto非劣解集,将得到的Pareto非劣解集中的每个解代入损伤准则损伤值计算公式,升序排列得到各子目标同时较优而损伤值最小的优化解。最终的优化结果表明：该方法很好地解决了乘员约束系统的高维目标优化问题,优化效果明显。