一个网络文件存储系统TNS关键技术

基于多服务器架构、为多用户服务的网络文件存储系统普遍存在资源分配不均,重复文件多,存储空间浪费严重的问题。设计并实现了TNS网络文件存储系统,该系统基于多服务器存储架构,分别由用户服务器、索引服务器、数据服务器、共享服务器、管理服务器和登录服务器组成,为多用户服务,采用一致性Hash实现负载均衡,支持在客户端进行文件粒度的重复数据删除。经过实际生产环境运行测试,具有良好的负载均衡能力和重复数据删除功能,可以有效节省存储空间,提高存储设备利用率。     

源结构无关的远程备份数据共享存储方法

针对远程容灾系统中备份数据的存储依赖数据源的结构特征和备份中心资源浪费严重的现状,提出一种远程备份数据存储方法。通过数据封装、存储空间动态分配等技术实现多备份任务的备份数据在共享的存储空间内存储,备份中心与备份数据源的存储结构无关。实验证明,该方法不仅提高系统资源的使用效率,而且能提供较好的存储性能。     

基于重复数据删除的多用户文件备份系统

针对在文件备份服务器中存在大量重复数据的问题,设计了一种基于重复数据删除的文件备份系统,为位于不同地理位置的多个用户提供备份服务。该系统不仅删除用户内部的重复数据,也删除不同用户之间的重复数据,进一步节省存储空间,与此同时,采用了一定的安全机制来防止数据丢失以及用户数据信息泄漏。实验结果表明了系统的可行性,为多用户构建统一的备份中心提供了一种新的解决方案。     

基于纠删码的HDFS存储方案

HDFS 文件系统通过多副本备份的方式解决数据损坏或丢失的问题,但是随着存储系统内容增多,在数据量级很大的时候,这种容灾方案消耗的额外存储空间是实际存储内容的数倍,不利于系统资源长期积累。文章提出使用纠删码编/解码文件代替 HDFS 的副本备份容灾策略,在保证数据安全性的前提下大大提高了存储空间利用率,降低存储额外消耗。     

基于位图的远程备份数据统一存储和管理方法

容灾系统中多任务的备份数据并发存储时,现有的磁盘镜像存储方法导致备份中心大量存储空间闲置和磁盘频繁寻址,造成存储I/O性能低下的现状,为解决这个问题,设计并实现了一种远程备份数据的存储和管理方法.该方法通过基于位图的空间动态管理、空间映射、数据封装等技术,实现多任务远程备份数据的存储和空间管理.实验结果表明,该方法不仅提高了存储效率,而且节约了存储空间.     

一种基于重复数据删除的网络文件备份系统设计与实现

针对广域网中网络备份系统存在备份速度低、网络带宽需求高和数据冗余等问题,提出并实现一种具有重复数据删除功能的网络文件备份系统。通过在客户端实现重复数据删除技术,对文件进行分块和在备份过程中去除重复数据块,减少客户端与服务期间需要传输的数据量,使得文件备份的速度获得较大提高,也较大地降低网络带宽要求,显著提高了网络备份系统的性能。此外,备份过程中客户端去除了重复的数据块使得服务器中存储的数据块都是唯一的,极大地降低了系统所需要的存储空间,同时,服务器端的数据块引用管理的设计很好地解决了空闲数据块耗费存储空间的问题。     

面向云存储的多副本文件完整性验证方案

文件完整性验证是云存储服务的一项重要安全需求.研究者已经提出多项针对云存储文件完整性验证的机制,例如数据持有性验证(prove of data possession, PDP)或者数据可恢复证明(proof of retrievability, POR)机制.但是,现有方案只能够证明远程云存储持有一份正确的数据,不能检验其是否保存多份冗余存储.在云存储场景中,用户需要验证云存储确实持有一定副本数的正确文件,以防止部分文件意外损坏时无法通过正确的副本进行恢复.提出的多副本文件完整性验证方案,能够帮助用户确定服务器正确持有的文件副本数目,并能够定位出错的文件块位置,从而指导用户进行数据恢复.实验证明,充分利用了多服务器分布式计算的优势,在验证效率上优于单副本验证方案.     

基于Paillier加密的数据多副本持有性验证方案

云存储服务中,用户将数据存储在不可信的云储存服务器上,为检查云存储中服务提供商(CSP)是否按协议完整地存储了用户的所有数据副本,提出一种 支持对数据副本进行动态操作 的基于Paillier加密的数据多副本持有性验证方案, 即DMR-PDP方案。该方案为实现多副本检查,将文件块以文件副本形式存储在云服务器上,将各副本编号与文件连接后利用Paillier密码系统生成副本文件以防止CSP各服务器的合谋攻击。利用BLS签名实现对所有副本的批量验证。将文件标志和块位置信息添加到数据块标签中,以保证本方案的安全性,支持对文件的动态更新操作。安全性分析和仿真实验结果表明,该方案在安全性、通信和计算开销方面的性能优于其他文献提出的方案,极大地提高了文件存储和验证的效率,减少了计算开销。     

基于内容地址存储的文件级备份系统

针对当前备份系统存在的重复数据量大、网络传输数据多、数据安全性低等特点,提出一种新的文件级备份系统。该系统构建于Bacula开源备份系统基础之上,使用磁盘作为存储介质,基于内容地址存储,采用重复删除技术以节省存储空间。性能测试结果表明,该系统能有效缓解存储和网络传输的压力,同时提高数据的安全性。     

远程容灾系统的设计与实现

设计并实现了一种远程容灾系统。通过实时监控本地存储服务器上的数据变化,并将变化数据通过Internet发送到远程灾备服务器来实现数据的远程备份,通过将远程备份数据写回到本地存储服务器来实现灾难恢复,生产服务器的容灾数据存储于本地存储服务器中,通过iSCSI技术访问。该系统提供了多种数据同步与恢复策略,并提供了图形化Web配置管理平台,支持多种操作系统。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.