利用废弃聚酯瓶料开发聚氨酯中空玻璃密封胶

以废弃聚酯瓶料醇解产物芳香族聚酯多元醇、异氰酸酯为主要原料,复配各种助剂,开发了一种聚氨酯中空玻璃密封胶,并对该中空玻璃密封胶性能、性能影响因素、制备工艺进行研究、表征,实验结果表明,利用废弃聚酯瓶料制备聚氨酯中空玻璃密封胶能满足中空玻璃密封胶应用要求,为废弃聚酯瓶料的应用提供一条回收路线。     

中空玻璃密封胶的应用及发展趋势

介绍了国内外中空玻璃密封胶的应用和发展趋势     

中空玻璃

中空玻璃是两片或两片以上的平板玻璃平行压合而成的玻璃单元。四周用中空胶条粘接、密封而成，或四周隔以填充干燥剂的铝合金框并用密封胶合成：加工时保持中间部分气体干燥。保证玻璃单元的高度密封性，为了提高中空玻璃性能，中空部分可以注入惰性气体。SBG中空玻璃使用的原片玻璃有普通平板玻璃、钢化玻璃、压花玻璃、热反射玻璃、彩色玻璃、热变玻璃等。     

不同生物油再生沥青性能比选

为确定生物油对老化沥青性能的恢复能力,比选出再生能力较强的一种生物油并确定其最佳掺量,采用植物沥青、餐厨废弃油脂和工业用动物油3种生物油作为再生剂,分别对老化SBS改性沥青进行再生,通过测定生物油再生沥青的针入度、延度、软化点和布氏黏度并进行薄膜加热试验,研究生物油种类和掺量对老化沥青各项性能的影响规律。结果表明,3种生物油对老化SBS改性沥青的基础性能和耐老化性均有一定的恢复能力,其中餐厨废弃油脂对老化沥青再生能力较强,并且社会和经济效益较高,植物沥青和工业用动物油次之;餐厨废弃油脂被选为最佳再生生物油,掺量为4%时能够使老化SBS改性沥青的黏滞性和高温性能得到完全恢复,因此被确定为最佳掺量。     

BS-71单组分密封胶

中空玻璃是一种具有良好保温隔音性能的新型建筑材料,中空玻璃和平面玻璃的导热系数(kcal/m~2.h.℃)分别为2.84和5.07,在冬季使用中空玻璃可减少50～70％的热量损失。随着人民生活水平的提高,安装空调和取暖设备将日益增多,以节能考虑,在我国民用住宅安装中空玻璃是指日可待的事情。因此,中空玻璃在我国建筑行业必将有可观的市场。     

埃洛石改性聚醚密封胶的制备及性能研究

以端硅烷基聚醚(MS)为基础聚合物,以改性后的埃洛石(m-HNTs)为填料,并加入各种助剂,最终制备了埃洛石改性聚醚密封胶。通过对埃洛石的改性和对其掺量的精细调控,系统研究了m-HNTs在MS基体中的分散情况以及对MS基体力学性能的影响。结果表明:m-HNTs可均匀分布在MS基体中;当埃洛石掺量增加时,所需表干时间显著增加;当埃洛石掺量为8%时,埃洛石改性聚醚密封胶的力学性能达到最大。     

PFS硅酮建筑密封胶的制备与性能研究

介绍了硅酮建筑密封胶的发展现状,阐述了用多孔功能材料硅藻土制备密封胶的生产工艺,研究了硅藻土和表面改性剂用量、反应温度等工艺参数对密封胶性能的影响,通过SEM、XRD、BET、BJH等分析手段对多孔功能材料的形貌、物相、比表面积和孔容孔径进行表征,研究多孔功能材料的补强机理,并展示该密封胶的微观形貌.     

循环载荷下中空玻璃的承载特点

通过对不同结构的中空玻璃在循环载荷下的挠度和应力进行测量,分析了循环载荷下中空玻璃内、外片厚度比,空气层厚度对其承载性能的影响。实验结果表明:循环载荷下,空气层阻尼力增大,使外片玻璃承受更大比例的载荷,但内、外片玻璃刚度仍是决定其载荷分配的主要原因;循环载荷下,内、外片厚度相差越大,中空玻璃的等效厚度越大;空气层厚度对中空玻璃承载性能影响较小。进行中空玻璃生产时,应合理选择内、外片厚度及空气层厚度,以达到最佳的设计效果。     

熟桐油对硅酮密封胶基本性能及其光泽度影响的研究

以熟桐油为消光剂制备了硅酮密封胶,考察了熟桐油含量对硅酮密封胶基本性能及光泽度的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜对熟桐油添加前后硅酮密封胶的表面形貌进行表征,并分析硅酮密封胶表面形貌差异的原因。结果表明,随着熟桐油含量的增加,硅酮密封胶基本性能变化不大,但其消光效果得到明显改善。     

浅谈火工装配中常用的密封胶

本文对密封胶的特点、性能及火工装配常用的密封胶进行了介绍     

支链型乙烯基硅油改性有机硅灌封材料的性能

采用支链型乙烯基硅油改性的端乙烯基硅油为灌封硅橡胶的基础胶,并分别以沉淀法和气相法白炭黑进行补强,研究了不同用量和品种白炭黑补强对灌封材料的黏度、力学性能、粘接性能和电学性能的影响。结果表明,当401-1500/411-4800=100/15时,灌封材料黏度适中并且力学性能较好;沉淀法白炭黑加入量在20phr～25phr时,灌封材料具有较好的工艺性能,拉伸强度最大值达到2.27MPa,剪切强度最大值达到4.64MPa,电绝缘性良好。     

飞机结构用新型胶体密封剂的主要性能测试与表征

对飞机结构用新型胶体密封剂的高低温稳定性、分油性及耐介质性测试与表征方法进行了研究,建立了新型胶体密封剂的主要性能指标体系。采用"蒸馏水浸泡+剥蚀溶液浸渍"组成的加速腐蚀试验方法,对新型胶体密封剂的腐蚀防护性进行了深入研究。结果表明,新型胶体密封剂具有高低温稳定性好、不挥发物含量高、分油量小、耐介质性强的性能特点,在-60～180℃的温度范围内始终保持胶体状态物,满足低温不凝固和高温不流淌的应用要求,并兼具密封防水和防腐双重功效,适用于解决现役飞机结构密封防水问题。     

Tribological behaviour of proposed polymeric bearing materials

The aim of the present work is to introduce new polymeric bearing materials. The proposed polymeric composites are consisting of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) and filled by fibres of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in concentration up to 25 wt.% as well as different types of natural oils such as (corn oil, olive oil, paraffin oil, glycerin oil, castor oil and sunflower oil) in concentration up to 10 wt.%. The frictional behavior of the proposed composites and wear resistance are investigated at different values of applied load. Based on the experimental observations, it was found that for composites free of oil, friction of PS and PE specimens decreased, while friction of PP specimens slightly increased with increasing PTFE content. PP composites filled by corn oil showed slight friction increase. Besides, friction coefficient displayed by PS and PE specimens filled by glycerin oil decreased with increasing oil content, while friction coefficient displayed by PP specimens showed consistent trend. It was noted that, PE filled with 7.5% glycerin oil and 20 wt.% PTFE displayed the minimum value of friction coefficient (0.07). This friction coefficient values recommend those composites to be used as bearing materials. PE filled by glycerin oil displayed relatively lower friction values due its common known good lubricating property. Friction of PE composites filled by paraffin oil drastically decreased with the increasing oil content. PP composites showed the lowest wear values. In addition to that, it was shown that wear displayed by composites filled by glycerin oil was higher than that containing corn oil, while wear of the tested composites filled with olive oil showed lower values than that displayed by corn oil filled composites. Composites containing 5.0–7.5% paraffin oil content showed good wear resistance which recommends them to be used as bearing material. Wear of PP, PS and PE composites filled with sunflower oil and 15 wt.% PTFE drastically decreased with increasing oil content. The minimum wear was displayed by PP and PE composites filled with 10% oil content.     

新型表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料的制备及应用

制备了一种单组分室温硫化表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料。在通用的酮肟型有机硅密封材料组分中,添加自制的含有氰基、仲胺基的硅烷改性剂,可明显改善油溶性醇酸漆和聚氨酯漆对有机硅密封材料的可涂覆性及储存稳定性。添加甲基丙烯酰丙基三甲氧基硅烷,同时在水溶性丙烯酸乳胶漆中添加适量的硅丙乳胶,可显著改善水性丙烯酸乳胶漆对有机硅密封材料的表面可修饰性。表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料可用作普通有机硅密封胶的底涂。     

高模量MS密封胶的制备与性能研究

以不同牌号的有机硅改性聚醚(MS)预聚体为基础聚合物,制备了一系列MS密封胶。先研究不同分子结构的MS预聚体、炭黑用量对MS密封胶拉伸强度、剪切强度的影响;再研究制备出的MS密封胶对不同型号的铝基材的黏接性能及耐候性。研究结果表明:MS预聚体的分子结构对MS密封胶的强度和弹性有较大影响;以重质碳酸钙和纳米碳酸钙复配并用质量分数为7%的炭黑作为填料,可得到高模量的MS密封胶,且其黏接性能和耐候性均较优异。     

Modeling and Prediction of Thermal Cycle Induced Failure in Epoxy-Silica Composites

Epoxy resins filled with dielectric mineral particles are frequently used as insulating materials in power industry applications. Due to their excellent dielectric properties and relatively good thermal performance (resistance, ageing and conductivity) their usability is common and extensive. However, the mechanical performance of the resins is influenced by several factors such as resistance to crack propagation, especially in low temperature applications. This phenomenon is normally linked with appearance of two phase systems where particle filled epoxy material interacts with metallic inserts having significantly different thermal expansion coefficients. This kind of epoxy-metal interface can produce relatively high stresses in the product structure during thermal cycle loading. The paper deals with mechanical problems of power industry products and introduces the methodology for numerical modeling of failure in silica filled epoxy systems subjected to severe temperature gradients. Various aspects of material behavior modeling are covered in this article, including polymerization process, viscoelastic stress relaxation as well as stochastic cracking.     

天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料热裂解性能

制备了不同天然钙镁矿物质粉填充量的竹木复合材料,采用热重(TG)分析、裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用(PY-GC/MS)、Li Chung-Hsiung积分法与Malek法研究了天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料的热裂解性能及热裂解动力学,并建立了天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料的热裂解模型。结果表明:天然钙镁矿物质粉热裂解时能够吸收周围的热量,产生的自由基抑制剂和难热裂解的CaO与MgO都能够抑制竹木复合材料的热裂解;裂解产物中,CO、CO2及单苯环类芳香族化合物的含量与未填充竹木复合材料的相比均有所降低,脂肪族化合物含量有所增加。未填充竹木复合材料的热裂解反应模式为随机核化,每个粒子有1个核;天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料的热裂解反应模式为相界反应、球形对称。     

Biofunctionality of MBCP ceramic granules (TricOs™) plus fibrin sealant (Tisseel®) versus MBCP ceramic granules as a filler of large periprosthetic bone defects: an investigative ovine study

We aimed to quantify bone colonization toward an untreated titanium implant with primary stability following filling of the defect with micromacroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) granules (TricOs?) or MBCP granules mixed with fibrin sealant (Tisseel^®). Medial arthrotomy was performed on the knees of 20 sheep to create a bone defect (16 mm deep; 10 mm diameter), followed by anchorage of a titanium screw. Defects were filled with TricOs or TricOs–Tisseel granules, a perforated MBCP washer, a titanium washer and titanium screw. Sheep were euthanized at 3, 6, 12 and 26 weeks. From Week 12 onwards, the percentage of bone in contact with the 8 mm anchorage part of the screw increased in both groups, confirming its primary stability. At 26 weeks, whereas bone colonization was similar in both groups, biodegradation of ceramic was more rapid in the TricOs–Tisseel group (P = 0.0422). The centripetal nature of bone colonization was evident. Bone contact with the titanium implant surface was negligible. In conclusion, the use of a model that reproduces a large metaphyseal bone defect around a titanium implant with primary stability, filled with a mixture of either TricOs ceramic granules or TricOs granules mixed with Tisseel fibrin sealant, suggests that the addition of fibrin to TricOs enhances bone filling surgical technology.     

液态硼酸钙纳米粒子的制备及摩擦学性能研究

制备了一种液态的硼酸钙（CBNL）纳米粒子,采用激光粒度分析（LPA）和红外光谱（FT-IR）等对其结构进行了表征,利用四球摩擦磨损试验机对CBNL在矿物基础油中的摩擦学性能进行了评价,并采用三位轮廓仪和XPS对钢球磨损表面形貌和元素状态进行了分析,结果表明：制备的硼酸钙为半峰宽20nm、平均粒径18nm的纳米粒子,在矿物油中具有优异的摩擦学性能;在摩擦过程中,纳米粒子能被金属表面吸附、沉积并发生了摩擦化学反应,形成了一层含有B2O3、CaO、Fe2O3和FeB等物质的保护膜。     

硅烷改性聚氨酯的合成

以氨基硅烷偶联剂为基础,对以异氰酸酯基为端基的聚氨酯预聚体进行再封端,合成了一系列不同硅烷封端率的单组分湿固化聚氨酯。测试结果表明:硅烷偶联剂成功接枝在聚氨酯预聚体上,产物的表干时间、粘接强度、耐湿热都得到很大改善,力学强度在一定封端率下保持较好,在聚氨酯密封胶、弹性体等领域有很好的应用前景。