Universal Current-Mode Active-C Filter Employing Minimum Number of Passive Elements

A universal current-mode active-C filter simultaneously realizing low-pass, band-pass and high-pass responses is proposed. The filter can also realize notch and all-pass responses with interconnection of relevant output currents. The presented filter employs four second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) as active elements and only two capacitors as passive elements. The proposed active-C filter can be tuned electronically, and has low element sensitivities.     

Analytical Synthesis of Low-Sensitivity High-Order Voltage-Mode DDCC and FDCCII-Grounded R and C All-Pass Filter Structures

The difficulty of realizing the operations of addition and subtraction of a voltage-mode signal renders two special active elements, namely, differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs) and fully differential current conveyors (FDCCIIs), both of which have the ability to perform the operations of addition and subtraction, to become very important for voltage-mode analog filter design. Note that, for the design of operational transconductance amplifier and capacitor (OTA-C) filters, the recently reported analytical synthesis methods (ASMs) have been shown to be very effective for achieving simultaneously the three criteria, namely, all capacitors being grounded, the use of the minimum number of active and passive components, and the use of single-ended input OTAs. However, none of the ASMs uses DDCCs and FDCCIIs in the design of voltage-mode filters. In this paper, a method of realizing DDCC and FDCCII-based all-pass filter structures with either equal capacitances or equal conductances through a new ASM is presented. Only n current conveyors (the least number of active components), n grounded capacitors, and grounded resistors (the minimum number of passive components) are used for realizing an nth-order voltage-mode all-pass filter structure. Moreover, the new all-pass filter structure synthesized by the new ASM achieves very low individual as well as near-null group sensitivities just as in the case of the passive LC ladder filters, has very low power consumption, a low component spread for equal denominator conductance design, and a high input impedance which is attractive from the point of view of cascadability. Finally, H-Spice simulations, using 0.35-mum process and plusmn1.65-V supply voltages, are included and validate theoretical predictions.     

Synthesis and Number of all Series-Parallel Structures with n Components

A synthesis procedure and?as a by-product?the number of different redundant structures for series-parallel systems with n components is derived. The reliability graphs of these structures, especially their fault trees, are branched like true rooted trees in the sense of graph theory. The results might be useful for some reliability optimization procedures and other applications.     

Current-Mode High Output Impedance Multifunction Filters Employing Minimum Number of FTFNs

In this study, five current-mode FTFN-based multifunction filters are proposed, which realize the same transfer functions in ideal case. All circuits employ two capacitors and three resistors. For each circuit R-C:C-R transformation increases the number of realization possibilities to ten. The proposed topologies simultaneously realize three basic filtering functions using minimum number of FTFNs and provide high output impedances that enable easy cascading in current mode. Sensitivity analysis of the filters show that they have low passive sensitivities, and of the filters are insensitive to current tracking errors, furthermore of the filters are insensitive to voltage tracking errors of the FTFNs. The proposed circuits do not require component matching condition except for notch and allpass responses and permit independent adjustment of without disturbing . Experimental and simulation results are given to verify the theoretical analyses.     

一种具有最少元件双二阶滤波器的OTA实现电路

提出了一种新的双二阶滤波器的OTA实现电路。该结构具有最少的元件，滤波器特性参数均可独立调节等特点。给出了二阶滤波器设计实例并经计算机仿真所验证。     

最少元件MO-CDTA通用二阶滤波器和振荡器

提出了一个多输出电流差分跨导放大器(MO-CDTA),并利用它设计了一个电流模式二阶电路.该电路仅使用2个MO-CDTA和两个接地电容,能同时和分别实现高通、带通和低通电流传输函数,电路的极点频率和品质因数能独立地电控调谐.电路也能被修饰成一个电流控制的正弦振荡器.计算机仿真表明,设计的电路正确有效.     

任意阶电流模式椭圆滤波器的综合设计

通过对任意奇数阶电流模式滤波器传递函数进行数学分析,将其分解为n个无损积分器级联的形式,并根据椭圆型滤波器的传输函数对输出电流信号进行线性组合,从而提出了一种奇数阶的电流模式椭圆滤波器的系统综合法。由该方法实现的电路结构简单,仅由（3n-1）／2个有源器件,n个接地电容构成。面向实际电路完成Pspice仿真,结果表明由该方法产生的滤波器具有良好的性能。     

Optical Switching Networks With Minimum Number of Limited-Range Wavelength Converters

We study the problem of determining the minimum number of limited-range wavelength converters needed to construct strictly, wide-sense, and rearrangeably nonblocking optical cross-connects for both unicast and multicast traffic patterns. We give the exact formula to compute this number for rearrangeably and wide-sense nonblocking cross-connects under both the unicast and multicast cases. We also give optimal cross-connect constructions with respect to the number of limited-range wavelength converters.     

High Output Impedance Current-Mode Four-Function Filter with Reduced Number of Active and Passive Elements Using the Dual Output Current Conveyor

This paper reports a new single-input multi-output current-mode multifunction filter which can simultaneously realise LP, HP, BP and BR filter functions all at high impedance outputs. The circuit permits orthogonal adjustment of quality factor Q and ₀, employs only five grounded passive components and no element matching conditions are imposed. A second order all-pass function can easily be obtained. The passive sensitivities are shown to be low.     

A Novel Grounded Inductor Realization Using a Minimum Number of Active and Passive Components

In this study, we present a new topology for realizing a grounded inductor employing only a single current conveyor, called a negative‐type modified inverting second‐generation current conveyor (MICCII‐), and a minimum number of passive components, two resistors, and one capacitor. The non‐ideality effects of the MICCII‐on a simulated inductor are investigated. To demonstrate the performance of the presented inductance simulator, we use it to construct a third order Butterworth high‐pass filter and a parallel resonant circuit. Simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis.     

On the Realization of Current－Mode Continuous－Time Operational Transconductance Capacitance Filter

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指状椭圆函数滤波器的研究与设计

阐述了指状椭圆函数滤波器的特点、适用范围，基本理论以及设计方法。用本文导出的公式进行设计有工程应用价值，介绍了一个L波段滤波器的例子。     

Improved Synthesis for the Design of Microwave Filters With a Minimum Insertion-Loss Configuration

This paper proposes a synthesis methodology for implementing microwave filters with a minimum insertion-loss configuration when several coupling topologies or coupling matrices are available with the selected technology. The methodology introduces, before dimensioning the distributed prototype, a careful characterization of losses due to individual distributed elements. The next step is to derive a precise equivalent circuit including losses for identifying the optimal configuration in terms of insertion-loss performance. The approach is applied to the synthesis of a dual-band bandpass filter. Best and worst configurations are identified among all the possibilities and the synthesis is validated by analyzing applicable electromagnetic models.      

基于FPGA的高速高阶FIR数字滤波器的设计

在数字滤波器设计与应用当中,相比于以牺牲线性相位频率特性为代价的无限冲击响应(IIR)数字滤波器,有限冲击响应(FIR)数字滤波器不仅保证了精确严格的线性相位特性,并且结构简单稳定。但在实现相同的设计指标时,有限冲击响应需要更高的阶数,为满足高速高阶数字滤波器设计,文章提出一种改进的分布式算法。该算法利用主流现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)芯片的多相分解结构和流水线技术,采用多路复用加法器对数据进行预相加,减少传统分布式结构的查找表规模。利用Matalb仿真设计,Quartus II编译测试,并下载到现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)中进行运行分析,结果显示文章的方法有效地减少了滤波器对硬件资源的消耗,能够较好地实现高阶的FIR滤波器。     

Formal Synthesis of Circuits With Minimum Noise Figure Using Linear Matrix Inequalities

We present an algorithm that determines whether an n-port with given impedance matrix at a set of frequencies can be realised from ideal transformers and multiple instances of a set of linear, time-invariant components (specified by their admittance parameters). The algorithm is based on solving a linear matrix inequality derived using Tellegen's theorem. If the n-port can be realised, the noise figure can be minimized by a choice of cost function that is described. We use as an example an amplifier using realistic RF CMOS components     

一种新型椭圆低通滤波器的设计与实现

针对现有椭圆滤波器多采用查对曲线方法设计电路参数导致的滤波性能不佳,调试困难等问题[1],设计了一种新型椭圆低通滤波器.该滤波器采用高电位和地之间嫁接复电抗的方法设计电路,按照基于四端网络的分析方法获得滤波电路的传递函数.具有设计方法简单,调试方便,电路参数精确,电路稳定可靠,截止频率易于调节,并能获得较高的滤波技术指标的特点.实际应用结果表明,滤波器滤波效果较好,满足设计要求.     

一种椭圆函数微带低通滤波器的设计与实现

为克服传统微带低通滤波器结构尺寸大和过渡带衰减慢的缺点,基于椭圆函数低通滤波器原型,设计了一款结构紧凑、插损小、过渡带陡峭的高低阻抗线微带低通滤波器。给出了该滤波器结构尺寸的计算公式,并通过仿真软件ADS和HFSS对其进行了仿真优化,采用微波材料板制作出滤波器实物并进行了测试验证,实测结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性,且验证了该设计方案的可行性。     

A 1-V 50-MHz Pseudodifferential OTA With Compensation of the Mobility Reduction

This brief presents a high-linearity operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) based on pseudodifferential structures. The linearity is improved by mobility compensation techniques as the device size is scaled down to achieve high speed operation. Transconductance tuning could be achieved by a MOS operating in the linear region. The OTA fabricated in the 0.18-mum CMOS process occupies a small area of 4.5 x 10^-3 mm^-2. The measured third-order intermodulation (IM3) distortion with a 400 mV_PP differential input under 1-V power supply voltage remains below -52 dB for frequency up to 50 MHz. The static power consumption is 2.5 mW. Experimental results demonstrate the agreement with theoretical analyses.     

一类ARIA型扩散结构分支数的研究

分支数达到最大的二元矩阵被广泛应用到分组密码扩散层的设计中.本文针对ARIA算法的扩散层,首先给出了ARIA型扩散结构的定义,给出了16阶ARIA型扩散结构的分支数情况,进一步给出了分支数为8的16阶ARIA型扩散结构的充要条件,从而构造了一大批可供选择的分支数为8的16阶二元矩阵.其次,解决了16阶ARIA型扩散结构分支数为8的计数问题,最后,给出了分支数为8的16阶对合ARIA型扩散结构的构造方法.本文的研究成果为构造分支数达到最大的16阶对合二元方阵提供了一种新方法.