开缝钢板剪力墙滞回性能研究

开缝钢板剪力墙的开缝形式能够改善结构破坏形式、提高耗能能力及延性。为研究不同开缝形式和开缝参数对开缝钢板剪力墙的滞回性能影响,利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了开缝钢板剪力墙的数值模型。结果表明,有限元计算结果和试验结果吻合较好。设计了竖缝、斜缝和对称斜缝3种开缝形式,通过28个钢板剪力墙试件的计算分析发现开缝钢板墙能够很好地实现屈曲前屈服。开缝使得钢板墙的承载力和刚度明显下降,但滞回环饱满,具有较好的耗能性能;而对称斜缝钢板墙可获得较好的屈服耗能。研究结果表明:缝间墙肢宽高比为0.2时的钢板墙刚度和耗能性能较好;通过合理设置钢板墙中的开缝参数,可使得钢板墙具有可控的抗侧刚度和承载力,获得较好的抗震耗能能力。通过骨架曲线上的特征点对开缝钢板墙的受力过程进行分析,考察了缝间墙肢宽高比b/h和高厚比h/t对开缝钢板墙滞回性能的影响。     

开缝钢板墙及其在高层钢框架结构中应用试设计

介绍6组共12个1∶4缩尺开缝钢板墙试件往复加载试验研究。试验结果表明,由于钢板中对角拉带作用的存在,开设双层竖缝钢板墙的性能比开设单层竖缝钢板墙的性能更好。根据试验结果并结合理论分析,建议考虑板带端部附加变形影响的开缝钢板墙抗侧刚度与受剪承载力计算公式。以北京长富宫饭店钢框架结构为背景,试设计了一填充开竖缝钢板墙的框架结构,基于结构弹性层间位移角满足要求与墙板屈服时侧移角不小于1/300的原则,介绍了布设开缝钢板墙的方法与结构抗震设计过程,通过对新设计结构与原结构弹塑性时程分析结果及用钢量的比较,表明设置开缝钢板墙不仅可以提高框架结构的抗侧刚度,改善整体结构的抗震性能,而且可以节省钢材,震损后易于更换,是改善框架结构抗震性能的一种有效方法。     

大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙低周反复荷载试验研究

针对已有研究中开缝组合钢板墙开缝数量较多,使得墙板的抗侧刚度和承载力大大削弱的现象,对大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙进行了试验研究。改进措施为采用预制混凝土板增加钢板的角部面外约束以防止墙板的整体屈曲。通过5个试件的反复荷载试验,研究大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙的破坏模式、屈服承载力、极限承载力、延性、滞回性能以及耗能性能。试验结果表明,预制混凝土板角部设置约束装置可以有效避免试件的整体失稳,并改善大宽厚比开缝钢板墙的滞回性能。对大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙试件进行的单调荷载和反复荷载作用下的有限元分析结果表明,单调荷载作用下的有限元分析结果明显低估试件的极限承载力,循环荷载作用下的骨架曲线与试验结果吻合较好,大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙有明显的应变循环强化效应。相应地对大宽厚比开缝组合钢板墙极限承载力公式进行了改进。     

不等高开缝钢板剪力墙屈曲分析

开缝钢板剪力墙具有延性好、耗能性能稳定以及能削弱拉力带效应等优点。剪力墙中开设的竖缝将整个内嵌钢板分割成若干条竖向墙肢,使开缝钢板剪力墙主要通过墙肢的面内弯曲,在墙肢两端形成塑性铰耗能。针对两种不等高类型开缝钢板剪力墙进行屈曲分析,考察开缝斜率对钢板剪力墙屈曲性能的影响。分析结果表明,相对于缝高斜率为零的等高开缝钢板剪力墙,不等高开缝钢板剪力墙的抗侧刚度和极限承载力得到显著提高。"梭型"开缝试件边缘墙肢应力较为集中。"蝶型"开缝试件应力分布较为均匀,特别是缝高斜率为0.39的试件,墙肢几乎同时屈服,能较好发挥中间墙肢耗能性能。     

模块化集装箱建筑波纹钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为研究模块化集装箱建筑波纹钢板剪力墙抗震性能,根据模块化建筑建造方式设计加载方案,完成了6个足尺波纹钢板剪力墙试件的拟静力试验。试件参数包括波纹板厚度、长度、波纹型式和是否设置竖缝,通过试验研究其抗侧机理、滞回性能、抗侧刚度、延性及耗能能力等抗震性能。结果表明:增加波纹板厚度和长度,均可有效提高试件抗侧刚度和承载能力;波峰高36 mm较波峰高20.5 mm的波纹板抗侧刚度和屈曲荷载分别增大48.9%和110%,但试件延性有所降低;设置竖缝可使试件破坏模式由整体屈曲转变为剪切屈服,使试件平均能量耗散系数提高12.8%～43.6%,但设置竖缝使试件初始刚度降低48.6%～69.7%。采用CECS 291:2011《波纹腹板钢结构技术规程》中相关规定可以有效预测波纹钢板剪力墙的受剪承载力。     

箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区组合钢板墙有限元分析和抗剪承载力计算式

为了建立箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力计算式,在前期试验研究的基础上,设计了16个模型试件,对影响组合钢板墙抗剪承载力的关键参数进行了有限元分析,探讨了钢板墙的高厚比、肋板刚度比等对组合钢板墙抗震性能的影响规律,分析了试件的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力和刚度退化等。结果表明:墙板的高厚比越大,钢板越容易产生面外屈曲形成拉力带,滞回曲线捏缩越明显,屈服承载力和极限承载力越低。高厚比越小,组合钢板墙的抗侧刚度越大,但在受力后期,刚度退化速度较快。肋板刚度比对初始弹性刚度和滞回性能的影响不明显。基于分析结果,提出了组合钢板墙的合理破坏模式,并通过参数分析和回归分析,得到了组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力计算式。算例分析表明:所提计算式可用于计算组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力。     

低周反复荷载下预制装配式竖缝剪力墙抗震性能研究

为研究预制装配式竖缝剪力墙的抗震性能,利用低周反复荷载试验对预制装配式竖缝剪力墙进行了研究,得到试件的滞回曲线。分析了预制装配式竖缝剪力墙的破坏形态、裂缝行为、荷载-位移关系、裂荷载、抗剪承载力以及变形特性的发展规律。综合考察该装配式剪力墙结构的破坏模式和变形能力。试验结果表明:预制装配式竖缝剪力墙在水平地震作用下的破坏模式属于延性破坏,耗能性能较好;竖缝墙由缝间墙受弯破坏终发展成贯通各墙肢竖缝根部的剪切破坏;剪力墙与基础梁间的钢板连接件未发生破坏,能提供有效连接。     

半刚接钢框架内填不同构造措施钢筋混凝土墙子结构抗震性能试验研究

为研究半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构的抗震性能,提出了一种考虑内填墙边界条件的子结构模型,进行了3榀1/3缩尺的3层单跨半刚接钢框架内填RC墙子结构的低周往复加载试验,研究了不同构造内填RC墙对结构抗震性能的影响,得到了试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性系数、刚度退化、耗能能力及水平剪力分配。试验结果表明:内填贯通竖缝RC墙及暗竖缝RC墙试件的滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力强,但水平承载力及抗侧刚度略低,破坏模式均为缝间墙的弯曲破坏;内填实体RC墙试件的滞回曲线捏缩明显,耗能能力较弱,但水平承载力及抗侧刚度较高,破坏模式为内填墙的剪切破坏;内填墙降低了地震作用下周边框架节点转动能力,半刚性节点的最终塑性转角不超过0.025 rad,可避免钢框架节点失效导致的脆性破坏。内填墙承担约80%的水平荷载,但随着水平荷载的增大逐渐降低。     

钢板墙束柱受力性能试验研究及理论分析

对3个1/2缩尺钢板墙束柱试件分别进行单调和往复加载拟静力试验,研究其在水平荷载作用下的破坏机理、抗侧刚度、受剪承载力及滞回性能;对钢板墙束柱试件建立有限元分析模型,并按照试验加载制度进行数值模拟分析,得到了钢板墙束柱试件的力学性能;在试验和有限元分析的基础上,提出了钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力理论计算式。试验、分析及计算结果表明,单调荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件抗侧性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时,加载后期试件承载力不下降,延性性能好;往复荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件的滞回性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时承载力没有降低,滞回曲线平滑、饱满;钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力的理论计算结果与试验及有限元分析结果很接近。     

钢板墙束柱受力性能试验研究及理论分析

对3个1/2缩尺钢板墙束柱试件分别进行单调和往复加载拟静力试验,研究其在水平荷载作用下的破坏机理、抗侧刚度、受剪承载力及滞回性能;对钢板墙束柱试件建立有限元分析模型,并按照试验加载制度进行数值模拟分析,得到了钢板墙束柱试件的力学性能;在试验和有限元分析的基础上,提出了钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力理论计算式。试验、分析及计算结果表明,单调荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件抗侧性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时,加载后期试件承载力不下降,延性性能好;往复荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件的滞回性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时承载力没有降低,滞回曲线平滑、饱满;钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力的理论计算结果与试验及有限元分析结果很接近。     

Experimental Study on Low Cyclic Loading Tests of Steel Plate Shear Walls with Multilayer Slits

A new type of earthquake-resisting element that consists of a steel plate shear wall with slits is introduced. The infill steel plate is divided into a series of vertical flexural links with vertical links. The steel plate shear walls absorb energy by means of in-plane bending deformation of the flexural links and the energy dissipation capacity of the plastic hinges formed at both ends of the flexural links when under lateral loads. In this paper, finite element analysis and experimental studies at low cyclic loadings were conducted on specimens with steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits. The effects caused by varied slit pattern in terms of slit design parameters on lateral stiffness, ultimate bearing capacity and hysteretic behavior of the shear walls were analyzed. Results showed that the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with a single-layer slit was more likely to be out-of-plane buckling of the flexural links. As a result, the lateral stiffness and the ultimate bearing capacity were relatively lower when the precondition of the total height of the vertical slits remained the same. Differently, the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits was prone to global buckling of the infill steel plates; more obvious tensile fields provided evidence to the fact of higher lateral stiffness and excellent ultimate bearing capacity. It was also concluded that multilayer specimens exhibited better energy dissipation capacity compared with single-layer plate shear walls.     

抗弯钢框架-密肋网格复合钢板墙抗侧力体系抗震性能理论与试验研究

提出了密肋网格复合钢板剪力墙,并与抗弯钢框架相结合,充分发挥各自的性能。从理论和试验两个方面对其抗震性能进行了研究。其中理论分析主要研究了密肋网格复合钢板剪力墙的受力机制,提出了密肋网格板的构造措施,并通过有限元模型分析了其受力性能;试验研究主要针对一榀双跨两层抗弯钢框架-密肋网格复合钢板剪力墙试件进行拟静力试验,考察其在低周反复荷载作用下的侧向刚度及承载性能、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特性等,评价了该体系的抗震性能。研究表明：该体系在弹性阶段主要依靠墙板的剪切机制和钢框架共同承担水平荷载,非弹性阶段区格中钢板的对角斜向拉力带为结构提供侧向承载能力;密肋网格板避免了墙板发生整体剪切屈曲,限制了钢板的面外变形值,提高了其弹性刚度,缓解了墙板拉力带对边框架柱的附加弯矩,保护了主要受力构件,克服了滞回曲线的捏缩现象,显著增强了其耗能能力;钢框架与密肋网格复合钢板剪力墙具有良好的协同工作性能,体系变形能力强,大变形状态下具有稳定的承载性能,安全储备高,是优秀的抗侧力体系;破坏模式为区格中钢板屈曲屈服并撕裂,拉力场效应明显,钢框架梁端及钢框架柱底形成塑性铰。     

波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为研究波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的抗震性能,完成了竖向波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙、水平波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙以及平钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙拟静力试验,研究了波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙在低周往复荷载作用下的变形能力和破坏模式,分析了荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、各阶段特征荷载和位移值等,以及结构的破坏特征、变形和耗能能力、刚度和承载力退化。试验结果表明：波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙具有较大的抗侧刚度、较好的延性和耗能能力;与平钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙相比,波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙有较好的界面黏结性能,而平钢板-混凝土剪力墙由钢板变形引起的混凝土剥落严重;波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的初始刚度较平钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的高,竖向波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的承载力和极限位移较水平波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的高,波形钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的承载力退化和刚度退化比平钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的慢,表现出较好的受力性能。采用ABAQUS有限元软件可以较好地模拟试验,有限元分析结果表明,波形钢板的应力分布比较均匀,组合作用效应明显,适合在抗震结构中采用。     

带缝钢板剪力墙性能研究

介绍自由侧边时带缝钢板剪力墙初始抗侧刚度的推导过程和理论根据,提出了缝宽剪切刚度减小系数,并对墙板进入塑性后的刚度退化进行理论探讨;对带缝钢板剪力墙平面外失稳和抗剪极限承载力这两种极限状态进行分析;通过有限元分析,指出竖向荷载、开缝参数等对四边固定带缝钢板剪力墙弹性屈曲临界力的影响,提出提高带缝钢板剪力墙实际工作效率的设想。     

Study of a new type of steel slit shear wall with initially twisted links

To address the issue of strength and stiffness degradation of steel slit shear walls (SSSWs) after the occurrence of out‐of‐plane buckling at large lateral deformation, a new type of SSSW made by assembling initially twisted steel plate links is proposed in the present work. Three types of SSSW specimens, with vertical slits, narrow rhomboid openings, and initially twisted steel plate links, respectively, were manufactured and tested under quasi‐static cyclic loading. Test results showed that the SSSW assembled by initially twisted steel plate links had no strength degradation and a nearly constant positive second stiffness throughout the whole loading process with a maximum drift ratio of 6%, whereas the other two SSSW specimens exhibited obvious degradation of strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. The new SSSW also had much smaller residual strength, and its deformation capacity was largely improved. The method to predict the elastic stiffness of the new SSSW was proposed, by which the predicted results agreed well with test results. A user‐defined macromodel was developed to simulate its force‐deformation hysteretic behavior.     

波纹钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

提出一种新型钢板墙-波纹钢板剪力墙。设计了两个不同形式的波纹钢板剪力墙试件,采用低周往复加载试验,分析二者的破坏形式,对滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、刚度及耗能性能等性能进行了系统的研究。研究表明：两种波纹钢板剪力墙均具有较高的极限承载力及初始刚度;屈曲承载力较高,屈服位移较小,能够较快地进入塑性耗能;滞回曲线较为饱满,不易发生捏缩现象。与横向波纹钢板剪力墙相比,竖向波纹钢板剪力墙的滞回性能及屈服后承载力更加出色。结果表明,在合理的参数设计下,所提出的波纹钢板剪力墙承载力高、耗能性能较强,是一种极具前景的新型抗侧力构件及耗能构件。     

双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

提出一种新型的配置L形拉结件的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙。通过两组共6个双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙试件的拟静力试验,对此新型组合剪力墙的抗震性能进行了研究。试件改变参数主要为轴压比和连接件间距,在试验的基础上对试件的破坏形态、承载能力、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线等进行分析。试验研究表明：L形拉结件的配置既能增强外包钢板对核心内混凝土的约束作用又能抑制外包钢板的屈曲,充分保证了外包钢板和混凝土之间的协同工作,此新型组合剪力墙具有较高的承载力,较好的延性及耗能能力。在达到峰值荷载之前,墙体钢板未发生明显的局部屈曲变形,最终组合剪力墙均因端柱屈曲拉裂而开始破坏;破坏时极限位移角的平均值为1/58;随着距厚比减小,试件的水平承载力和延性系数均显著提高。     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.