球形Mn2O3晶体的制备及其光催化性能

在乙二醇体系中,以MnCl2.4H2O和NaAc为主要原料溶剂热制备锰氧前驱物.该前驱物经600℃煅烧5h得到球形Mn2O3晶体.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对产物进行了表征,对其形成机理进行了初步的分析,并对其光催化性能进行了初步探讨.实验结果表明,产物为球形Mn2O3晶体,其平均直径约为7μm,且由多层纳米片组成,而纳米片则是由细小的纳米颗粒构成.产物Mn2O3晶体的特殊形貌结构对光催化H2O2氧化分解亚甲基蓝有较好的催化性能.     

超声波-均相沉淀法合成纳米Co3O4及前驱体研究

以电解钴、硝酸和尿素为原料,在超声波辐照下,采用均相沉淀-煅烧工艺合成了纳米Co3O4,并对沉淀条件、煅烧温度以及前驱体组成等进行了研究.研究表明,超声波作用可以明显降低前驱体及Co3O4的粒径;所得产物粒子近似为球形,平均粒径为20nm左右.本文首次报道了在常压沸点温度(102±1)℃下通过均相沉淀法获得的前驱体的XRD图谱,并根据TG-DTG、XRD、FTIR以及化学分析确定了其化学组成为CoO3·2Co(OH)21.5H2O.XRD物相分析证明,该前驱体可在200℃以上经3h煅烧转变成立方晶相Co3O4,从而大大节省了热能.TG-DTG分析还表明,前驱体转变为Co3O4时分解和氧化同步进行.     

放电等离子烧结制备Ca2Co2O5热电材料及其性能研究

以Co(NO3)2·6H2O、Ca(NO3)2·4H2O为原料,NaOH为沉淀剂,采用化学共沉淀方法制备了前驱物.该前驱物预烧后,利用SPS进行烧结获得纯相Ca2Co2O5块体.分别采用DTA-TG、XRD和SEM对前驱体的热分解过程、Ca2Co2O5的形成过程进行了表征,并对其热导率进行了测试.结果表明在Ph=13.20获得所需化学计量比的前驱物.该前驱物在700～800℃预烧2h后,采用SPS烧结.烧结温度为800℃,压力30MPa,保温时间5min,可以获得纯相Ca2Co2O5块体.断口形貌为层状,晶粒长约1.4μm.热导率随温度的升高而降低.     

超声沉淀-热分解二步法制备棒状Co3O4纳米粒子

以CoCl2·6H2O和H2C2O4·2H2O为原料,运用超声沉淀法制备前驱体CoC2O4·2H2O,然后在300℃下煅烧前驱体制得棒状Co3O4纳米粒子.结合TG-DSC热分析,X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜等表征手段研究了最终产物的结构和形貌.结果显示产物为棒状立方相Co3O4,其直径大约为100nm,长度范围为0.4-2.0μm,并讨论了棒状Co3O4粒子的形成机理.     

MoO2/石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

以稳定的过氧钼酸溶胶为前驱体,乙醇为弱还原剂,在水热条件下首先制备出单斜相MoO2纳米棒(直径约50nm,长度约200nm);在此基础上引入氧化石墨烯,采用二次水热法制备出石墨烯修饰MoO2纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、场发射电子扫描电镜和高分辨透射电镜对产物的物相结构和微观形貌进行表征,结果表明,二次水热法引入的碳的存在形式为多层石墨烯,且石墨烯的引入未对氧化钼的结构和形貌产生影响。将MoO2/石墨烯纳米复合材料装配成锂离子电池进行电化学性能测试发现:石墨烯和纳米棒的协同作用使得复合材料的充放电容量得到大大提高。二氧化钼纳米材料的首次放电比容量由112 mAh/g提高到1289 mAh/g,且循环稳定性良好。     

元素(Ce、Co、La、Sn)掺杂对V-Mo/TiO2催化剂脱硝活性的影响

采用浸渍法制备了一系列V-Mo/TiO2催化剂,考察了钒含量、钼含量及元素(Ce、Co、La、Sn)掺杂对催化剂脱硝活性的影响,并利用XRD、BET、H2-TPR、NH3-TPD及XPS等方法对催化剂的理化性能及结构进行了表征.结果显示,钒最佳含量为3％,钼最佳含量为6％.将Ce、La、Co、Sn掺杂到3％V2 O5-6％MoO3/TiO2中,催化剂的脱硝效率明显提高,其中,3％V2 O5-6％MoO3-1％SnO2/TiO2催化剂表现出最佳的脱硝活性,在180℃具有良好的脱硝稳定性,在引入10％(体积分数)H2 O和0.03％(体积分数)SO2后,表现出良好的抗SO2/H2 O的性能.这主要是由于引入的金属元素以氧化物或钒酸盐形式存在,并与活性组分钒物种有很强的相互作用,抑制了TiO2晶粒的长大,起到了细化TiO2粒径的作用,增加了催化剂表面的弱酸性位点,同时,表面活性氧及还原态的V4+、Mo4+物种数量有了大幅提升,增大了催化剂的还原程度,有利于催化还原反应的进行.     

非贵金属多孔Mo2N纳米带催化剂的制备与电解析氢性能研究

采用水热法和氮化法相结合的手段,在优化的实验条件下,获得了生长在导电碳纸上的多孔氮化钼(Mo2N)纳米带阵列.首先采用水热法在碳纸上原位合成了高密度的MoO3纳米带阵列.随后的氮化反应遵循固态拓扑反应机理,形成了具有密排介孔的Mo2N纳米带阵列.Mo2N/C不需要粘合剂可以直接作为电极使用.在不负载贵金属的情况下,Mo...     

三氧化钼纳米带电致变色过程中的缺陷变化研究

采用热蒸发法在氧化铟锡玻璃上制备三氧化钼(MoO3)纳米带薄膜。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱分析了纳米带的表面形貌及结构,通过紫外-可见-近红外光谱以及光致发光谱分析了电致变色前后纳米带光学性能以及缺陷分布情况。结果表明:纳米带的光学带隙为3.36eV,变色前纳米带内部就存在着部分由晶格畸变和氧空位产生的+5价Mo离子;变色后,注入的Li+和e-使材料内部的[MoO6]八面体发生新的畸变,产生新的Mo5+。电子在+6价和+5价的Mo离子间发生迁移而导致着色。     

Ca2Co2O5化合物的制备及热电性能的研究

以Co(NO3)2·6H2O,Ca(NO3)2·4H2O为原料,Na2CO3为沉淀剂,采用化学共沉淀法和放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了Ca2Co2O5化合物.采用TG-DTA、XRD和SEM等手段对前驱体的热分解过程,样品的物相以及形貌进行了表征,测试了Ca2Co2O5的热电性能.实验结果表明沉淀前驱物经850℃预烧8 h后,利用SPS 850℃,压力30MPa保温5min,制备了纯相Ca2Co2O5化合物.该化合物的电阻率和热导率均随温度的升高而降低,800℃时,热电性能优值(ZT)为0.12.     

Zn2+含量对Ca0.925-xZnxMoO4∶Eu3+0.075红色荧光粉发光性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ca0.925-xZnxMoO4∶Eu3+0.075红色荧光粉,并对粉体的物相结构、发光性能、粒径方面进行研究.实验得出,适量的Zn2+取代Ca2+没有改变Ca0.925MoO4∶Eu3+0.075的晶体结构,而且明显提高了Ca0.925-MoO4∶Eu3+0.075的发光强度.同时,掺杂Zn2+可以使红色荧光粉Ca0.925-xZnxMoO4∶Eu3+0.075的电荷吸收带发生红移,Zn2+的最佳掺杂量为7％(原子分数).对Ca0.925MoO4∶Eu3+0.075和Ca0.855Zn0.07MoO4∶Eu3+0.075进行对比研究,得出Ca0.855 Zn0.07MoO4∶Eu3+0.075的粒径稍大,但是其发光性能优于Ca0.925MoO4∶Eu3+0.075.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.