负载型TiO2光催化降解染料酸性蓝的研究

以硅酸钠为粘结剂,将纳米TiO2固定在焦炭载体上,制备了负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂。在紫外灯和太阳光分别照射下,对酸性蓝染料进行光催化降解研究。探讨了催化剂投加量、外加氧化剂量和反应时间等因素对光催化降解反应的影响。结果表明:在紫外光照射下,催化剂用量1 g/L、10%H2O2用量0.2 mL、浓度20 mg/L的酸性蓝染料经40 min处理,其脱色率达到93%;若改用太阳光照射,其脱色率则达到96%,证明光催化氧化法可以有效地降解酸性蓝染料。此外,还对负载型TiO2催化降解酸性蓝染料的机理进行了初步探讨。     

杂多酸盐／聚苯胺／TiO2复合材料光催化降解甲基橙

以PW11Ti／PANI/TiO2为光催化剂,在太阳光照射下,研究了模拟染料废水甲基橙溶液的光催化降解的反应,讨论了甲基橙溶液的酸度、溶液的初始浓度以及催化剂投加量等对甲基橙溶液脱色效果的影响。结果表明：催化剂加入量为10mg,甲基橙的初始浓度为20mg／L,pH=4,脱色率达到85．62％。     

钇掺杂TiO2/膨润土复合光催化剂降解染料X-3B的研究

以膨润土为载体,钛酸四丁酯和氯化钇为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备钇掺杂TiO2/膨润土纳米复合光催化剂,在太阳光照射下,通过染料活性艳红X-3B的降解反应,考察其光催化活性.实验结果表明：随着光照时间的延长,染料活性艳红X-3B的特征峰540 nm强度逐渐减弱,2 h后可彻底消失,脱色率达96.86%;染料活性艳红X-3B的降解速率随着外加氧化剂H2O2的增多而增大,但过量的H2O2也会抑制复合光催化剂的活性;在强酸和强碱条件下,染料活性艳红X-3B的降解率较高.     

β_2-SiW_(11)Mn/TiO_2光催化降解亚甲基蓝

本文研究了β_2-SiW_(11)Mn/TiO_2光催化剂对于亚甲基蓝染料降解的影响。当染料为亚甲基蓝初始浓度10 mg/L、溶液体系pH值为2,光催化剂用量为5 mg,放置于紫外光条件下持续照射200 min,目标染料亚甲基蓝降解率可达86.5%,而在太阳光照射的条件下,其降解率高达89.3%。     

铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐配合物对水溶性染料的光降解研究

铁 -草酸盐配合物在高压汞灯 (λ =313nm)的照射下 ,可使活性艳红X3-B和活性黑K -BR染料水溶液脱色降解。染料初始浓度在 10～ 5 0mg·L-1范围 ,脱色降解过程具有一级反应动力学特征 ,脱色降解速率随染料初始浓度的增大而降低。在 2 .0～ 3.0时 ,染料的脱色降解效果最佳。铁 /草酸盐配比不同也会影响染料溶液的脱色降解速率     

Fe2+/Mn2+/H2O2体系对含茜素红染料废水的脱色与降解处理

本文研究了过氧化氢在铁、锰两种金属离子共同作用下的催化体系对含有茜素红染料废水的脱色和降解作用。结果表明：Fe^2 ／Mn^2 ／H2O2体系在pH5～6时对该染料废水的脱色和降解作用明显，脱色率和降解率均达到80％以上，COD去除率大于70％。处理后的废水值接近中性，可以直接排放。     

Fe^2＋／Mn^2＋／H2O2体系对含茜素红染料废水的脱色与降解处理

本义研究了过氧化氯在铁、锰两种金属离了共同作用下的催化体系对含有茜素红染料废水的脱色和降解作用。结果表明：Fe^2 ／Mn^2 ／H2O2体系在pH=5～6时对该染料废水的脱色和降解作用明显，脱色率和降解率均达到80％以上，COD去除率大于70％。处理后的废水值接近中性，可以直接排放。     

杂多酸/PANI/SnO_2复合材料光催化降解孔雀石绿

以SiW_(11)Mn/PANI/SnO_2为光催化剂,研究了其对孔雀石绿的光催化降解效果,结果表明,经过太阳光的照射,调节pH=1、孔雀石绿染料的浓度为10 mg/L、加入10 mg/L的SiW_(11)Mn/PANI/SnO_2,200min的太阳光照射下降解,降解率可达96.5%。SiW_(11)Mn/PANI/SnO_2光催化降解孔雀石绿过程符合准一级动力学反应。     

高铁酸钾氧化脱色三苯甲烷染料废水

采用高铁酸钾对水溶性三苯甲烷染料结晶紫和碱性品红废水进行氧化脱色研究。考察了高铁酸钾投加量、反应温度和染料浓度对脱色率的影响。结果表明,高铁酸钾能够有效去除染料废水中的色度,投加量和反应温度均存在最佳值。当结晶紫和碱性品红废水的质量浓度低于50mg/L时,脱色率几乎不受染料浓度的影响。2种三苯甲烷染料相比较,碱性品红比结晶紫更容易被氧化降解。     

偶氮染料的光还原脱色及其染色废水的回用研究

用还原脱色剂对水溶性偶氮染料进行光还原脱色降解,重点考察了还原脱色剂、辐射光以及染料浓度等对还原脱色反应的影响,并将脱色后的染色废水回用于棉织物染色中.结果表明,以适当比例的引发剂和促进剂组成的还原脱色剂具有较强的脱色降解能力,辐射光对染料的还原脱色反应具有明显的促进作用,染料浓度的提高不利于染料的脱色降解反应.脱色废水可以回用于棉织物的活性染料染色中,通过降低染色过程中氯化钠和碳酸钠的添加量,可使染色试样与自来水染色试样的总色差(DE*)＜1.0.     

铁屑在处理高色度活性染料废水中的作用机理研究

本论文以活性嫩黄K-4G染料模拟废水为处理对象,考察了单独利用铁屑处理染料废水时色度、CODCr的变化,以及将铁屑加入染料废水多维电极处理系统时的色度、CODCr的变化,结果表明,铁屑电解法使染料废水的色度和CODCr有所降低;在多维电极系统中加入铁屑能使脱色率和CODCr降解率得到显著提高。     

Construction of BiVO4 microspheres sensitized TiO2 NTAs for the enhanced photocatalytic mineralization of organic dyes

In the present work, BiVO₄ microspheres were deposited on TiO₂ NTAs via the solvothermal method using urea as the mineralizer. The binary heterojunction formation significantly enhanced the solar response region and intensity, and the electron transfer path was built at the interface of two semiconductors, which was the main reason for the enhanced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic performances. The S-2 electrode prepared with urea concentration of 2 mol/L displayed the high visible light photocurrent of 73.76 μA/cm² and photovoltage of −0.30 V. Furthermore, the S-2 photocatalyst also showed excellent photocatalytic decoloration ability of MO, RhB and MB dyes, and the corresponding decomposition efficiencies were 55.82%, 41.62% and 89.90% under solar irradiation. Except for the organic dyes, Cr(VI) ions also could be reduced into Cr(III), and the photocatalytic efficiency achieved 74.05% after 3 h solar irradiation. The active group and photocatalytic mechanism were proposed to illuminate the essential reason. The experimental results indicated that the novel BiVO₄/TiO₂ NTAs with binary heterojunction are attractive photocatalysts for the dyeing and printing water treatment.     

Photocatalytic decoloration of water-soluble azo dyes by reduction based on bisulfite-mediated borohydride

Investigation of the photocatalytic decoloration of nine water-soluble anionic azo dyes widely used for the coloration of textiles was conducted in a photoreactor by a selected reduction based on bisulfite-mediated borohydride. The influence of the irradiation power on their decoloration was discussed in this work. The decoloration processes of two typical azo dyes, Reactive Red MS and C.I. Direct Blue 15 were examined with UV–vis measurement and their decoloration kinetics was also investigated. Moreover, identification of benzidine compounds released from the photoreduction of four direct dyestuffs was undertaken. The results indicated that the reduction of the dyes was significantly enhanced under the increasing irradiation. It was found that the overall degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and two distinct stages were observed in the decoloration processes of Reactive Red MS and C.I. Direct Blue 15. The decay rates at first stage were slightly changed, but the decay rates at second stage were significantly affected by the light intensity. In addition, UV–vis spectra showed that the azo linkages in molecule structure of the dyes were destroyed during the decoloration. Finally, dimethoxyl benzidine or benzidine produced from the photoreduction of four direct dyes was identified as the decoloration products through a rapid spectrophotometric method.     

UV/HA与铁盐体系对染料的脱色研究

水溶性染料活性艳红（Ｘ－３Ｂ）在铁盐与腐植酸共存下,光解脱色效果明显,结果表明在ＰＨ＝３,１．０＊１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／ＬＦｅ（Ⅲ）与０．５ｇ／Ｌ腐植酸的条件下,２０ｍｇ／Ｌ活性艳红溶液的脱色率为７１．４％。染料溶的ＰＨ值,Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）,腐植酸的浓度以及当杰溶液的初始浓度均对染料的脱色有影响。     

H-酸型偶氮染料光氧化脱色反应的QSPR研究

使用草酸铁／H2O2作为脱色剂对12种H-酸型偶氮染料进行光助氧化脱色反应，通过选择分子结构描述符和线性回归分析的方法对染料脱色反应半衰期T1／2及其分子结构进行了QSPR研究研究结果表明．对于所涉及的12种水溶性阴离子H-酸型偶氮染料，大多数染料的半衰期都在2～4分钟的范围内，分子结构描述符MW／S对半衰期的贡献最为显著，而芳香环数目和偶氯基数目对半衰期的贡献则不显著而对于典型H-酸型偶氯染料，其分子结构和脱色性能之间存在着更好的定量关系．三个分子结构描述符都成为对半衰期贡献的显著影响因素。     

黄孢原毛平革菌合成的木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶及其菌球在染料脱色过程中的作用

在黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)限氮浸没式培养中，获得了含木质素过氧化物酶(LiP)和锰过氧化物酶(MnP)、只含LiP或MnP以及无LiP和MnP的4种培养物，考察了LiP，MnP及菌球在染料脱色过程中的作用. 结果表明，4种培养物对6种染料都有明显的脱色效果，甲基橙、橙I、次甲基蓝脱色率在90%左右，刚果红、直接湖蓝脱色率在80%左右，结晶紫脱色率在60%左右. 无酶情况下染料的脱色主要是菌球的吸附，有酶情况下染料的脱色主要是酶的降解. 菌球在脱色过程中除了吸附染料外，还起到提供H2O2和藜芦醇的作用，促进了染料的降解.     

微乳液法制备纳米SiO2/TiO2及其光催化性能

以无机物聚合硅酸为硅源、硫酸钛为钛源,采用微乳液法制备了SiO2/TiO2复合光催化剂,考察了制备条件对SiO2/TiO2光催化活性的影响,并利用SEM、FTIR、XRD和BET等技术手段对光催化剂进行了表征。结果证明,SiO2和TiO2颗粒之间存在着强的相互作用,形成了Ti-O-Si键,从而抑制了TiO2粒径的增大,延缓了TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变。对甲基橙等染料的光催化降解实验结果表明,SiO2/TiO2的光催化活性并非随着TiO2的含量增加而提高,当硅与钛物质的量比为1∶1并在160℃的温度下水热合成2.5 h时,SiO2/TiO2光催化剂在紫外光照15 min后对甲基橙的脱色率为85.5%,与同等条件下制备的TiO2相比具有更好的光催化活性和更大的比表面积。     

UV-柠檬酸铁-H2O2体系对活性红紫X-2R的脱色与矿化研究

以活性红紫X-2R为目标污染物,研究了利用UV-柠檬酸铁-H2O2体系对其进行脱色的各种影响因素与TOC的去除效果。试验结果表明,Fe3+、H2O2、柠檬酸浓度、辐射波长、络合物种类和偶氮键数量均能影响染料脱色,并且H2O2对254nm短波辐射相对于420nm长波辐射更为敏感,在254nm辐射下,脱色率随H2O2浓度变化显著。另外,H2O2浓度也是影响矿化的一个重要因素。在活性红紫X-2R的质量浓度为50mg/L,Fe3+、H2O2和柠檬酸的浓度分别为0.10、2.5和0.05mmol/L的条件下,反应1h后TOC去除率达到83%,高于UV-Fe3+-H2O2法的70%。     

Reactive dyeing of silk using commercial acid dyes based on a three‐component Mannich‐type reaction

Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.